Muscari azureum with beautiful white and sky blue flowers is an important endangered ornamental plant of Turkey and needs exploitation for commercial propagation. 2-4 bulb scale explants of M. azureum were cultured in basal media supplemented with 2 mg/l 2,4-D, 20 g/l mannitol, 20 g/l sucrose, 0.5 mg/l NAA and different concentrations of BAP KIN, 2iP and TDZ plus 2 g/l gelrite. The best regeneration on 2 or 4 scales and the highest mean number of bulblets per explants (mean 8.77 per explant)" was achieved on an Orchimax medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l BAP, 2 mg/l 2,4-D, 20 g/l mannitol, 20 g/l sucrose and 0.5 mg/l NAA for 2-scales. Mature bulblets were excised and individually rooted on half strength MS medium supplemented with I mg/l IBA, 0.5 g/l activated charcoal, 20 g/l sucrose and 6 g/l agar Regenerated plants from 2 and 4 scales were acclimatized with a 14% survival rate after 3 weeks.

Safflower is planted on small fields in the world among single year oily flowering plants. Today, nearly 50 % of the vegetable oils consumed in Turkey is imported. Safflower, being an alternative oil plant, can be raised easily in arid regions. This plant has resistance against cold, drought and salinity stress. In this study, when C1 = Yenice (spineless, orange coloured), C2 = Dincer (spineless, red coloured) and C3 = Remzibey-05 (spined, yellow coloured) safflower types are used in, dyeing, the determination of light and abrasion fastness values are aimed.

Plant material of Salvia heldrichiana Boiss. Ex Bentham was collected from the locality: C4 12th km on Konya, Hadimkizilkaya-Karaman road. Aerial parts of plants was dried in shadow then the leaves were separated from the stems. The essential oil was extracted from the leaves by hydro distillation method. The average content of essential oil was obtained as 0.22%. The water-distilled essential oil from dried leaves of this species was analyzed by GC-MS. Total 60 components, representing 92.7% of the oil, were characterized. The main component of essential oil was alpha-pinene with 13.35%. The other important compounds were identified such as spathulenol, caryophyllene oxide, alpha-cadinol, linalool and alpha-terpineol.

Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) plants were grown under the field conditions and herb samples collected at the beginning of flowering stage. Herb samples were gathered at three different times in a day such as just before sunrise (6:00 h), midday (12:00 h) and after sunset (21:00 h), respectively. Essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation method of herb samples were analyzed by GS-MS. A total of 52 compounds were identified representing 93.34, 92.89 and 93.13% of total oil, respectively. Linalool (41.23%), alpha-cadinol (9.69%) and eugenol (5.37%) were found as major constituents. Essential oil ratios were recorded such as 0.67% at 6:00 h, 0.62% at 12:00 h and 0.74% at 21:00.

The aim of the study was to compare different co-cultivation media (solid and liquid) and explants (leaf and microtuber) on Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in potato and to detect the beta-glucuronidase (GUS) expression using plant-originated pathogenesis-related (PR) promoters. Leaf and microtuber discs were inoculated with GV 2260 Agrobacterium p35S GUS-INT, AoPRI-CUS-INT and PR1a-GUS and co-cultivated on either liquid or agar-solidified medium. Liquid co-cultivation medium increased transformation frequency of potato in use of all A. tumefaciens plasmids and explant types. Mean transformation frequency was 15% in liquid medium compared to 4.1% on solid medium for leaf explants. Similarly, liquid medium (3.12%) gave higher transformation frequency than solid medium (1.25%) in microtuber discs. Moreover, low GUS expression in all organs was observed for PR promoters (AoPR1 or PR1a) compared to CaMV35S promoter. Both salicylic acid and wounding treatments enhanced AoPR1 and PR1a promoter gene activity in leaf, stolon, tuber and microtuber.

Tobacco leaf disc explants were inoculated with Agrobacterum tumefaciens strain GV2260 carrying p35S GUS-INT to determine the influence of different co-cultivation temperatures (18 – 26 °C), periods (24 – 96 h) and media (solid and liquid) on transformation efficiency. Kanamycin-resistant shoots developed on leaf discs inoculated with Agrobacterium after 4 weeks of culture initiation. Regenerated shoots were excised and rooted in the basal medium supplemented with 100 mg dm −3 kanamycin and 250 mg dm −3 augmentin. The rooted plantlets were finally transferred to compost and confirmed by GUS assay and PCR analysis. The highest transformation frequency was achieved from the explants co-cultivated with A. tumefaciens in liquid medium for 48 h at 22 or 24 °C.

Bu calisma, bazi soya cesitlerinde (Williams, AP-350, A-3127 ve Corsoy) protein ve yag birikimi bakimindan bitki ici varyasyonu ve pozisyon etkisinin soya tohumunun kimyasal icerigine ne sekilde etkide bulundugunu saptamak amaciyla 1997 yilinda Ankara kosullarinda yurutulmustur. Hasat olgunluguna ulasmis soya cesitlerine ait ornek bitkiler uce bolunmus bu kisimlar sirasiyla dip, merkez ve ust olarak tanimlanmistir. Ayni sekilde her bitkiden oniki bakla koparilmis uc tohuma sahip baklalardaki tohumlar bakladaki pozisyonuna gore dip, orta ve uc olarak isimlendirilmistir Daha sonra cesitli bitki kisimlarindaki tohumlar ile baklanin farkli kisimlarindaki tohumlarda yag ve protein analizleri yapilmistir. Arastirma sonuclarina gore protein ve yag birikiminin bitkideki bakla ve bakladaki tohum pozisyonuna gore degisebilecegi gozlenmistir. Her dort cesitte de bitkinin dip kismindan uca dogru gidildikce tohumlarin yag iceriginin azaldigi'buna karsilik protein oraninin arttigi saptanmistir. Ayrica uc tohumlu baklalarin dip kismindan ucuna dogru gidildikce tohumlarin protein iceriginin azaldigi, yag oranin arttigi tespit edilmistir.