The existence of different stakeholders in a system, the actual and potential contradictions that may not be identified, and the long-term consequences of each decision are significant challenges in the process of developing a system. Information technology-based services are among the systems that usually interact with users and have a significant impact on their environment. The present study attempts to properly understand and develop the services of an intercity payment system in Iran. After recognizing the problem step by step, an innovative methodology was designed to structure the problem. In the early stages, using one of the critical frameworks after identifying stakeholders, research on the system was conducted, and interviews were identified, which are involved and affected people by the system. Critiques of stakeholders became to viable option during the specified process. Additionally, inspired by the soft operational research (OR), the obtained results were examined in terms of the executive contradictions, and then to evaluate and select the correct options, the long-term consequences of each decision were identified using Multi Attribute Decision-Making. Moreover, the evaluation of options for different stakeholders was done by their representatives using their related criteria to select the best options from the opposing options. Ultimately, the presented methodology is designed to provide a slow movement from qualitative to quantitative form. Consequently, based on creating shared value, the product has been redesigned to satisfy all stakeholders.

A variety of factors, including qualitative opinions of stakeholders, choosing complexities, and the long-term consequences of each decision may significantly challenge the system development process. The present study attempted to give a clarification of the role played by Best-Worst Method (BWM, a Multi-Attribute Decision-Making (MADM)) within the framework (SYRCS) of problem structuring methods with a specific focus on payment systems in Iran. To this end, the problem was analysed step by step, and then an innovative problem-structuring methodology was proposed. The framework includes different methods from different paradigms: Critical Systems Heuristics (CSH) from Emancipatory Operations Research, Robust Analysis (RA) and Strategic Choice Approach (SCA) from Soft Operational Research, and BWM from quantitative and Multi-Attribute Decision-Making methods. Through the final stages of survey, the long-term consequences of each decision were quantified and evaluated using BWM to help researchers find the suitable options. Moreover, the representatives of each stakeholder were asked to assess each option using some specific and relevant criteria used to reach out the best options through the lens of shared value creation.

Complex societal problems are often wrongly addressed by politicians as mono-disciplinary, relatively easy to solve problems. By directly jumping to conclusions politicians overlook the complexity of the problems in their decision making process. Complex societal problems are generally interdisciplinary problems and should be addressed in a multi-disciplinary way considering the multiple actors and their interactions, the many variables involved, as well as the emotions that the problems provokes. These many interactions are the cause of the complexity of the problem handling process. It is high time that complex societal problems are addressed by the politicians in the right way using the methodology, methods and tools of the field of Methodology of Societal Complexity so the problems can be handled in an adequate, transparent, efficient and proper way, mitigating the damage the problems are causing. The field of Methodology of Societal Complexity developed ways to guide the problem handling process of complex societal problems for analysing, decision making and implementing interventions in an adequate, democratic and efficient way. The Compram methodology is a major methodology in this field and directs in a structured, democratic, and efficient way, the problem handling process of complex societal problems by using a multi-disciplinary, multi actor approach including emotional aspects. The OECD (2006) advised governments to handle complex societal problems that threaten global safety according to the Compram methodology. The universities should include issues of the field of Societal Complexity into their disciplines so that future managers are aware how complex societal problems should be handled.

COMPRAM Methodology of Societal Complexity Approaching and Analytical Enhancing the Human & Social Peace and Security Capabilities by ‘Science-Religion Dialogue’ is a research study/paper dedicated to the: * Roman philosopher and mathematician Boetius (ca. 480–524/5AD) - the author of the [i.e. the treaty on Boetius’ life-death PROBLEM; the treaty was written in prison just before his execution onto the death sentence vs. his non-Arianism.]; ** Chair and the tens -:- hundreds of participants (researchers – professors – practitioners) related to the International Research Society on Methodology of Societal Complexity, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Europe – and to the founder of the research direction on Societal Complexity: COMPRAM. This dedicated research study/paper is aggregated and is presented by Professor Dr. Nicolae Bulz - Professor Dr. Dorien DeTombe and Eliza-Cristina Bulz within the in session EURO 2016 Poznan - WC-21: Methodology of Societal Complexity and Sustainable Development , stream Methodology of Societal Complexity. Area: Operational Research in Health, Life Sciences and Sports, July 6, 2016, Wednesday, 12:30-14:00 / Room: Building CW, ground floor, Room 025. The co-authors are acting within Euro Working Group „Methodology of Societal Complexity”. The Chair of the embedding scientific activity is: Prof. Dr. Dorien DeTombe International Research Society on Methodology of Societal Complexity, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Europe / Euro Working Group on Methodology of Societal Complexity DeTombe@nosmo.nl www.complexitycourse.org/doriendetombe.html The study [COMPRAM Methodology of Societal Complexity Approaching and Analytical Enhancing the Human & Social Peace and Security Capabilities by ‘Science-Religion Dialogue’] considers and contributes on three research stages: - The experience on the beyond time approach to complexity by the Roman philosopher Boetius’ Consolation of Philosophy 523 AD, and Professor Dorien DeTombe’s COMPRAM Methodology; - The Knowledge Transfer from the structural nexus within COMPRAM Methodology toward the contemporary (re-)structuring of the ‘Science-Religion Dialogue’; - The Knowledge Transfer from the above two research stages to the analytical enhancing the Human & Social Peace and Security Capabilities. - There are minimal pre-requisites - Modelling and Simulation/Emulation of the Complex Societal Problems are starting within three stages at [any possible] University level(s): (1) Temporal series; (2) Analytical models; (3) COMPRAM Methodology. The original contribution of this study presents and addresses this research stage: Modelling and Simulation/Emulation of the Complex Societal Problems AND Interactive Modelling - interactively including COMPRAM Methodology – within a (new) analytical domain of Knowledge Elicitation and Transfer AND Theory, Praxis, Logic: GENEROSITY – SOLIDARITY – CREATIVITY. The contemporary ‘Science-Religion Dialogue’ is a contemporary [structural / functional / organizatoric] feature and pattern of the Social Networks versus Knowledge Transfer - i.e. A turning point within the NATO / ‘Science for Peace and Security’ dimension. So, this introduction and a brief presentation for the initial constrains could focuse on ‘necessity AND sufficiency’ cheching from the cognitive and related praxis for this study, as: NECESSITY: It is revealed, here and now, within the relevance of the current ‘state of art’ of the GLOBAL WOLD POST-CRISIS (2008-2012) – IT IS NOT TO REPEAT THE SAME MISTAKES / ERRORS. SUFFICIENCY: It is revealed, here and now, within the current ‘state of art’ of the GLOBAL WOLD TERRORIST WAR (2001/9/11) - but to critically recollect on the World Wars: WW1 (1914-1919), WW2 (1939-1945), ‘Cold’ WW (cca. 1950 toward 1989). The main lines of this study are: 1: A surprising equivalence between Consolation of Philosophy and Methodology for Societal Complexity (COMPRAM) 1.I: Consolation of Philosophy, by Roman philosopher and mathematician Boetius (ca. 480–524 or 525), and 1.II: Methodology for Societal Complexity, by professor Dorien J. DeTombe [Defining complex interdisciplinary societal problems. A theoretical study for constructing a co-operative problem analyzing methodology: the methodology COMPRAM. Amsterdam: Thesis publishers Amsterdam (thesis), 1994, 439 pp.] 2: Towards the attaining of a subtle (desired) representation-support, here and now, it is worth to simulate, through a personalist-cognitive track the environment of social qualitative data. The result is presented into the coupled graphics, as below: 2.1: CERN – 2012: Higgs’ particule (bosom) offical announcement – Large Hadron Collinder 2.1.2: A jointed (pe)view onto the MACRO and MICROCOSM 2. 2: Human Embryo 2. 3: Heathrow Airport Terminal 5 (archeological findings - Bronze Age, 4,000 y.b.) 2.4: MACROCOSM 2.5: WHY THERE IS NOT HUMANKIND’S COMPLETENESS AND CONSISTENCY WITHIN TRUE, GOODNESS, BEAUTY, MORALITY, VALUE, BEST PRAXIS, …? 2.6: WHY …? e.g. Murchinchinson oil platform (decommissioning began in the fourth quarter of 2013 and is expected to continue for approximately five years. Plugging and abandoning of the 33 platform wells that have subsea tie-backs to three remote wells began in late 2013.) – versus Piper Alpha catastrophe (6 July 1988, killing 167) 200 years Aberdeen harbor growth 3: A type of reflection onto, into and by society. A paradigm of societal modeling: Interactive Modeling 4: A paradigm of complex recurrence. The resolutive solution of a model to comprise: ego, world, nature, society, thinking The following cognitive and interactive model would be devoted to sustain the existence of a complex recurrence between the ascendant Action and the ascendant levels of the Memory. 4.1. The infra and hyper-incursion is due to connectedness. The anticipation is due to communication. 4.2 . The world of Paradoxes is a crystal or a broken one as are the harmonization regarding connectedness and communication. Ending paragraph (e.p.): e.p.1. The project - Booklet covers e.p.2: INVITATION: Partnership within the new project applications: HORIZON 2020, and Creative e-Europe e.p.3.: A Cosmological Model – within Science-Religion Dialogue / author: Nicolae Bulz within an interactive modelling stance of/for/by the team of the project “What is Truth?” - St Andrew’s Cathedral Aberdeen, Scotland, UK - as part of the program led by the Divinity School, St Andrews University, St Andrews, Scotland, UK – within a grant from John Templeton Foundation, US This interactive modelling stance [drawn up into the e.p.3. subparagraph] was taken place onto the ‘Interdisciplinary-Intercultural-and-Ecumenical-Workshop-ARMOURS-OF-LIGHT-----WHAT-IS-TRUTH’ / December 18, 2015 – January 31, 2016 [according to UNESCO – Year of Light, 2015, events] Just at this stage of the research the posibilities (and the related cognitive-expositive domains) regarding the presentation and expand of this study are, only and only, within an inter/trans-disciplinary – intercultural – aecumenic effort as thesis and subtle attained profoundness within the matter. Here and now, all these are to be expressed by two variances – related to different focusing within ‘Science-Religion Dialogue’: Variance 1 / INTERDISCIPLINARY CONTEXT(S) / consonat to the sonor background: Claire de Lune - DEBUSSY ‘Negative’ samples - CHRITMAS TRUCE: DECEMBER 25 1914 - Terrorism fear, today THE CORE: Cosmological Model_1 (axiomatic) - Last stage bio-anthropologic research - Neuro and Cognitive perspectives ‘Positive’ samples - DARWIN – LAMARK’s absent dialogue - ADN, mind and consciousness as a set of (universal) tools [“I Dream a Dream” – case study] - SOCIAL NETWORKS – Science-Religion Dialogue’s Econometric elicitation(s) [A case study] Variance 2 / TRANSDISCIPLINARY CONTEXT(S) / consonat to the sonor background: Claire de Lune - CHOPIN ‘Negative’ samples - Thomas KEMP’s and Adam MORTON’s reflections on EVIL - DANTE’s and BOTICELLI’s reflections on Earthly and beyond Earthly World(s) THE CORE: Cosmological Model_2 (interactive and subtle_axiomatic) - Last stage Micro and Macro-Cosmos researches - Neuro, Bio, and Quantum Computing perspectives ‘Positive’ samples - From Stephan ODOBLEJA’s non-edited manuscripts (Drobeta - Tr. Severin State Archive) - From Mihai DRAGANESCU’S Consciousness Society; Basarab NICOLESCU’s Transdisciplinary construct; Constantin V. NEGOITA’s Fuzziness and Post-modernity construct; Mircea MALITZA’s Geo-(post)modernity construct This current presentation of this original research stance is presenting, also, at the end the following creative-stimulative patterns: ** Input Output stance of the circular, rhythmic and labyrinthic string: Input INFORMATION KNOWLEDGE EXPERTISE WISDOM HAPPINESS/ALIENATION Output *** Probabilistic, fuzzy, and subtle representation / resolution stance on human being: SUFFERING FORGIVING EVIL GOOD SIN LOVE PUNISHMENT SALVATION

Energy is a basic need for humanity. The more a country is developed, the more it is dependent on energy sources. After the industrial revolution in 1850 in Europe simple one-to-one energy sources like human power, animal, wood, water and wind power, changed into the use of one-tomany energy sources coming from fossil sources such as oil, gas and coal. This resulted in an accelerated development of the income of the people in these countries. Next to positive aspects of the development of energy there are negative aspects of non-renewable fossil sources causing pollution. Nuclear power energy appear to be a safety threat because of radioactivity. Therefore one searches for new or renewable energy sources such as water-, wind-, bioand sun energy. These sources seem to produce in a safer and less polluting way energy. Many countries depend on other countries for their need of energy. This creates vulnerable political situations, such as the dependency of European countries on gas from Russia and the dependency of the USA on oil of Arabian countries. The latter dependency was the main cause of the two Iraq wars in the last decennia (New York Times, period 2003-2008). Much of the energy people use comes from private energy companies. However, for these companies the cost-effect of new technological developments as wind, water and sun energy or biogases must be profitable. Non-renewable fossil sources, pollution, safety threats, political vulnerability, dependency of commercial privatized industries make the energy field complicated and complex. The many phenomena and actors in this field are in a complicated way related to each other by non-linear feedback loops. The consequence is that the system becomes a complex system. Easy sustainable solutions are hard to find and even more difficult to implement. The energy issue is a complex societal problem. In order to find new sustainable energy the problem has be to approached as a complex societal problem and handled along the lines of the field of methodology of societal complexity. Therefore the Compram methodology can be used. In the first step of the methodology experts of different fields with knowledge of different aspects of the energy problem are invited to discuss the problem. These can be experts with technological,

The Compram method is a method for handling complex societal problems in a transparent and structured way. Handling in this case means analyzing, policymaking, decision making and guiding and evaluating the interventions. The Compram method is developed by DeTombe (1994). Most problem handling methods focus on a part of the problem handling process. The Compram method, however, focuses on the whole spectrum of the problem handling process. Because of their complexity societal problems are difficult to handle. These problems have often a huge impact on society, because they involve a great number of phenomena and actors. Each actor has his or her own goals, interest and power. In a democracy handling these problems includes dealing with all the actors. In order to do this efficiently and fruitful these problems should be handled in cooperation with the actors. The Compram method guides this process from the moment the problem is put on the (political) agenda till the evaluation of the interventions. The Compram method distinguishes six steps in the problem handling process. For supporting this process it uses all kinds of supportive methods and tools. The method is based on the three basic elements in handling complex societal problems: knowledge, power and emotion. The Compram method can be applied for all kind of policy problems like transport, environmental, healthcare, poverty and unemployment problems. An example of the application of the method is given on handling the Aids problem in South Africa.