The antibiotics INA-5812, produced by the strain INA-Ac-5812 of Streptomyces roseoflavus have pronounced antibacterial and chemotherapeutic activity and low value of acute toxicity. The minor component of the complex was isolated from the culture liquid by extraction with organic solvents and purified by chromatographic methods. Its structure was established by mass spectrometry and 1 H and 13 C NMR spectroscopy.

Chemical composition of the extract from the Pinus roxburghii Sarg. knotwood was studied for the first time. The extracts were obtained by ultrasound assisted sequential extraction of knotwood with hexane, acetone—water (95 : 5, v/v), and water. According to GC-MS analysis, hexane extract was dominated by monoterpenoids amounting to 53.57% and sesquiterpenoids (41.05%). Components of the acetone—water (95 : 5, v/v) extract were isolated, purified by HPLC, and identified by NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry as 2,3-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)butan-1,4-diol, 3-hydroxy-3,4-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)dihydrofuran-2(3 H )-one and 3,4-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)dihydrofuran-2(3 H )-one. These compounds demonstrated notable antioxidant capacity determined using the amperometric method.

The composition of the extract from the Dalbergia Sissoo Linn. knot wood was studied. Components obtained by extraction with 95% aqueous acetone were isolated, purified by HPLC, and identified by NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry as 7,6,3’,5’-trihydroxyflavanone (1) , 7,3’,4’-trihydroxy-6-methoxyflavanone (2) , 7,3’,5’-trihydroxyflavanone (3) , 6-hydroxy-7-methoxy-4-phenyl-2 H -chromen-2-one (dalbergin) (4) , 2-methoxy-5-(1-phenylallyl)cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (dalbegione) (5) , and 2,4-dimethoxy-5-(1-phenylallyl)phenol (dalbergiphenol) (6). In the extract from the Dalbergia Sissoo Linn. wood knots, compounds 1–3 were found for the first time. The isolated compounds demonstrated notable antioxidant ability determined by using the amperometric method.

Analysis of levoglucosan by ligand-exchange chromatography with UV detection showed deviations from the Bouguer-Lambert-Beer law. Their character allowed us to suggest that the deviations are caused by the formation of levoglucosan supramers in the eluent.

Abstract Two phenylethanoid glycosides previously not observed in Tectona grandis (teak) wood knots were isolated from 30% aqueous isopropanol extract, purified by HPLC and identified as forsytoside B and isoacteoside by methods of NMR spectroscopy and mass-spectrometry. These compounds displayed notable antioxidant capacity determined using amperometric method.

An approach to estimate the degree of conjugation of oligosaccharide haptens to bovine serum albumin by the squarate procedure was proposed. The approach includes gel permeation HPLC in combination with the multichannel detection.

Four polyphenolic compounds were isolated from the extracts of the birch Betula pendula knotwood, purified by HPLC and identified by NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Three compounds were found to be arylheptanoids, two of them being related to the known carpinontriol and casuarinondiol and one being earlier unknown.

Productive efficiency of technology of polysaccharide and lignin manufacturing from wood raw materials can be significantly improved by integration of purification stages of low molecular weight wood components widely used in applied chemistry into the technological cycle. In this connection, phenols including lignans and flavonoids, which have a practical application potential, are of a special interest. In the present work the results of a study of the content of (–)-secoisolariciresinol, dihydroquercetin and related polyphenols in different morphological parts and anatomical structures of larch wood from the Siberia are analyzed. Analysis of the content of the listed products by reversed-phase HPLC provides the selection of optimal raw material for organizing the manufacture of the listed compounds with predictable efficiency. Increased content of (–)-secoisolariciresinol (up to 3—4%) observed in wood of the trunk knot areas of larch from Khakassia evidences the prospects of raw material processing in this region for production of (–)-secoisolariciresinol from the wastes of larch wood refinery.

Electrospray ionization mass spectra (MS and MS2 of protonated molecules) of dalargin, hexapeptide used in medicine are presented and all of the fragment ions in MS2 are assigned.

The screening for novel antibiotic producers by selection methods revealed the Streptomyces sp. strain No. 1278 producing the antibiotic INA-1278, which exhibits antimicrobial and antifungal activities. This compound was isolated from the liquid culture by extraction with organic solvents and purified by chromatographic methods. The structure of this antibiotic was studied by mass spectrometry and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. An analysis of the results of the investigation indicate that the compound INA-1278 is structurally related to the antibiotic irumamycin, which has been studied earlier. However, the novel antibiotic may differ from irumamycin in the configurations of some asymmetric centers, which were not established at the present stage of our research.

Persulfated derivatives of natural polyhydroxy compounds, such as lignans secoisolariciresinol, and isolariciresinol, flavonoid dihydroquercetin, and myo -inositol, have been synthesized. The ability of these compounds to inhibit the intrinsic pathway of blood coagulation (APTT-test) and to reduce the activity of coagulation factor Xa in the presence of antithrombin(III) has been studied.

Here we present antiestrogenic effects of Knotolan ® , a new dietary lignan from Abies sibirica raw material. Knotolan abolished growth-stimulating effects of 17β-estragiol on hormonedependent MCF-7 cells.

Approaches to the synthesis of glycodendrimers, monodisperse and polyvalent models used to study molecular recognition processes, and their biological properties are considered.

A series of selectively sulfated di- and trisaccharide derivatives corresponding to the potential fragments of fucoidans with a α-(1 → 2)-linked fucobioside unit were synthesized and studied by 1Н and 13C NMR spectroscopy. NOE experiments and molecular modeling were used for a conformational analysis of the compounds synthesized. In the case of disaccharides, the experimental NOE values were found to agree with those obtained using modeling with the use of density functional theory (DFT) and differ from those resulting from modeling by the molecular mechanics MM3 force field. Trisaccharide fragments partially or completely sulfated in position 4 turned out to be correctly described by both MM3 force field and DFT computation.

Neoglycoconjugates containing 4, 8, 32, and 64 terminal residues of B-disaccharide (B DI ) or N -acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) attached to poly(aminoamide)-type dendrimers (PAMAMs) were synthesized. The ability of B DI conjugates to bind natural xenoantibodies (anti-B DI antibodies) and the ability of Neu5Ac conjugates to inhibit the hemagglutinin-mediated adhesion of influenza virus were studied. The biological activity of PAMAM conjugates turned out to be higher than that of free carbohydrate ligands, but less than that of multivalent glycoconjugates based on other types of synthetic polymeric carriers. A conformational analysis of PAMAM matrices and resulting conjugates was performed to determine the statistical distances between carbohydrate ligands. The computations revealed the tendency of the PAMAM chains toward compaction and formation of dense globules. The process results in a decrease in the distances between the carbohydrate ligands in the conjugates and, hence, could affect the ability of glycoconjugates to efficiently bind the polyvalent carbohydrate-recognizing proteins.

Influence of synthetic peptides identical to fragments of natural human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) glycoproteins gp 120 and gp 41, on luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence (CL) of human neutrophils has been studied. It was established that some of peptide analogs of gp 120 and gp 41 immunodominant regions are able to suppress spontaneous CL: but when being used with dimethylsulfoxide they dramatically stimulate it and deteriorate opsonized zymosan-induced CL. Conclusions about the necessity of possible side effects considering during use of peptide vaccines against HIV have been made. It is also possible to explain some neutrophil dysfunction in HIV infected subjects as the result of HIV glycoproteins direct influence on this cells.

Fragments of hepatitis B virus envelope proteins corresponding to the parts of the pre-S domain were synthesised and immobilized on the carriers with low own immunogenicity. The highest stimulation of the antibody production was observed for the antigens immobilized on microspherical carriers or gelatin modified by H-Gly-Tyr-OH. Among peptides used for immunization, pre-S fragment 134-144, conjugated with microspherical carrier, proved to be the most active.