An examination of women's experience on public transport in Bangladesh and Cambodia found that victimization does reduce perceived safety or transport use. In a cultural context where women are socialized to fear and avoid public spaces, experiencing victimization may confirm rather than change previous beliefs. Moreover, it is possible that the participants' use of public transport was driven by necessity rather than choice and that they were unable to change travel patterns in response to victimization. These findings underscore the importance of targeting public violence toward women and the broader societal norms that limit their participation in public life.

Hospitals are known to be fast paced, multidisciplinary environments, which can be experienced as both challenging and fulfilling workplaces by social workers. Newly qualified social workers (NQSWs) are still learning how to be social work professionals through their engagement in and delivery of practice. Drawing on a larger pilot study conducted in Brisbane, Queensland, this article reports findings from a cohort of NQSW hospital social workers' conceptualisation and responses to complexity. Findings indicate that within a hospital context, NQSWs learn how to be professional social workers through stealth due to the broader organisational factors surrounding their role. Whilst these organisational factors present challenges, participants enacted several adaptive strategies to manage their work. Yet, these strategies are not without their limitations. Implications are raised in terms of the need for more purposeful support and socialisation of NQSWs within hospital contexts. Hospitals are fast-paced work environments where social workers are part of multidisciplinary teams made up of other allied health staff, medical practitioners and nurses. The work environment and the work undertaken are complex and often contested. This article reports the experiences of newly qualified social workers (NQSWs) in learning how to become social workers in such a challenging work environment. Focus groups and interviews were conducted with sixteen social workers employed in hospital and community health settings in Queensland. Eight participants were NQSWs and eight were experienced social workers in management roles. We found that the NQSWs were often overwhelmed by the work environment and found that the short-term contractual nature of their employment led them feeling unsafe to openly seek the assistance they required. Creatively, these NQSWs adopted a range of strategies to learn what they need to know by 'stealth'.

Recent housing strategies at both national and state levels have announced the need to improve housing access for young people through providing access to safe, secure and affordable housing. However, there is a paucity of research examining the experience of housing insecurity and homelessness for young people seeking tertiary education at higher education institutions despite the increasingly dire situation. Young people engaged in tertiary education experience vulnerability to homelessness and housing insecurity through structural inequalities such as low income, precarious employment, food insecurity, and an inaccessible, precarious and unaffordable private housing market. Housing insecurity and homelessness is detrimental to students' academic achievement, engagement and wellbeing. The paper concludes by outlining key recommendations for urgent research on higher education students' experiences of homelessness and housing insecurity needed to ensure appropriate interventions and policy responses by Australian universities and government.

Female social work early career academics (ECAs) face many challenges within a neoliberal university context. The tension between balancing the social justice mission of the profession against the consumer model of higher education is conflicting and contributes to feelings of isolation and alienation. This article documents a group of female ECAs experiences by drawing on critical, post-modern and feminist knowledge traditions. The qualitative methodology used was collective autoethnography and critical reflection where the group documented and collectively analysed individual experiences of teaching social work education as female ECAs. The purpose of collating these experiences was to explore the emancipatory capacity of female agency as well as embodying what it is to be a female ECA. Vignettes were thematically examined in a three-part process including (1) reading and reviewing data; (2) categorising and group data and (3) finding themes and connecting these to the original data (Chang et al., 2016). Analysis of the vignettes highlighted the tensions of working as female social justice educators within a neoliberal university causing feelings of oppression and discomfort. In finding one another, sharing and writing stories as well as a collective response this challenged the masculinist model which has been the norm within neoliberal universities. Female led support strategies coupled with the utilisation of feminist methodologies contributes to the emergence of a new, feminist and collectively safer academic culture.

The International Journal of Integrated Care (IJIC) is an online, open-access, peer-reviewed scientific journal that publishes original articles in the field of integrated care on a continuous basis.IJIC has an Impact Factor of 5.120 (2020 JCR, received in June 2021)The IJIC 20th Anniversary Issue was published in 2021.

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a necessary increase in the use of non-face-to-face modalities of human and social service delivery, including via the telephone. The ongoing nature of the COVID-19 pandemic and cost-efficiencies associated with welfare austerity measures make it likely that distance modalities will be used by social services well into the future. However, this transition may not be straightforward. Many services have needed to make this transition to disembodied forms of communication, requiring a rapid uptake of skills by staff whose previous work was based on face-to-face interactions with clients and other staff. The use of telephone and other electronic forms of communication (e.g. Zoom, chatrooms) has significantly changed the nature of the work, requiring practitioners to attend to different dimensions of the interactions. This article draws on interview data taken from two separate studies involving telephone counsellors: (1) a case study project involving 10 practitioners working in New Zealand and (2) a qualitative study about how practitioners engage in dynamic practice. Findings from both studies detail the influence of managerial policies on practitioners' capacity to respond to the complexity of their telephone work. It concludes with cautionary notes about the important institutional obligations that organisations have to both clients and workers obligations that cannot be sidestepped because they are deemed 'too expensive'.

INTRODUCTION: Human service practitioners who work over the telephone are physically invisible to their clients and this invisibility shapes their work. Existing literature suggests that physical invisibility, coupled with anonymity and the immediacy of service provision are defining features of telephone counselling. However, little research has explored how telephone counsellors experience these features in any real depth.METHODOLOGY: This article reports on a case study conducted at a youth helpline in Aotearoa New Zealand. Qualitative, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 practitioners on their experiences of telephone counselling work. One key finding from this case study is discussed: the impact of invisibility and anonymity.FINDINGS: Findings indicate that practitioners’ experiences of delivering telephone counselling are more divergent than those presented in extant literature. While telephone counsellors face challenges delivering non-face-to-face counselling support, the physical invisibility of this medium, coupled with a supportive work environment can also provide potential benefits to counsellors.CONCLUSIONS: Counsellors’ experiences of telephone counselling work appear to be more nuanced than traditionally understood. While practitioners may experience a range of possible challenges in delivering telephone counselling, such as responding to hoax and abusive callers, they also experience benefits such feeling relaxed, and supported by colleagues and supervisors. Management practices, such as flexible rules and accessible supervision, can help practitioners manage the impact working non-face-to-face with clients. Given the ongoing popularity of telephone counselling, further research is needed on the working conditions that promote practitioner wellbeing and job satisfaction.

This paper explores telephone counsellors' experiences of the spatial dimensions of their work. Henri Lefebvre's spatial triad is applied to explore how counsellors conceive, perceive, and experience the spaces and places of this work. Three key findings are outlined: 1) the purpose built telephone counselling space is experienced as noisy and distracting; 2) counsellors engage in spatial practices to manage their depth of caller interaction; and 3) counsellors construct a mental place to foster intimacy with callers. These findings contribute to a novel conceptualisation of telephone counselling, raising implications for how it is performed and understood.

One-off financial assistance through emergency relief provides a short-term intervention to immediate material crisis. However, recurrent instances of clients accessing this type of assistance points to the ineffectiveness of managing financial hardship without addressing the causes of long-term poverty. This article presents findings from an external process evaluation of the Salvation Army relational case management model known as Doorways. A mixed-method design was implemented, consisting of semistructured interviews, observations, and document analysis, as well as Client Satisfaction and Wellbeing Survey. Across the seven research sites semistructured interviews were conducted with 45 clients and nine case managers, and 30 client surveys were completed. Three themes will be discussed: the Doorways philosophy; the flexible service delivery approach; and client capacity building and continuity of care. Findings illustrated the effectiveness of a relational case management approach and reaffirm the central role of relationships in transforming the lives of people experiencing poverty.

Telephone counselling is a well established medium of non-face-to-face mental health service delivery. Research to date has focussed on the delivery and effectiveness of therapy over the telephone. However, there has been little exploration of counsellor’s experience of this work. The limited body of research about telephone counsellors’ experiences portrays this work as challenging, exhausting and possibility traumatic for counsellors to perform. This is of significance considering the impact these factors can have on counsellors’ subjective wellbeing, job satisfaction and turnover intentions. Research suggests that work related factors play a greater part than individual characteristics in shaping the experiences of telephone counsellors. However, there is limited understanding of the various types of work related factors that may shape these experiences. To address this gap in the extant literature this thesis explores youth counsellors’ experiences of telephone counselling, and the range of work related factors that foster them. It examines telephone counsellors’ general experiences of this work and those in relation to the work related factors of work environment, interpersonal relationships and specific aspects of the work. Unlike previous research, particular attention is paid to the spatial aspects of this work, such as the physical workplace environment and the mental space. To gain an in-depth understanding of telephone counsellors’ experiences this research employed an instrumental case study approach and focused on youth counsellors in one telephone counselling service in New Zealand. Ten counsellors with 18 months to 9 years telephone counselling experience participated in this study, with the majority concurrently studying a human service related course at university. A multi-method design was adopted, including observations, in-depth interviews and reflective journals. To explore counsellors’ experiences and how they are influenced by work related factors, both social constructionist and organisational theoretical lenses were adopted. The findings in this thesis indicate that overall counsellors enjoyed the work of telephone counselling despite its challenges. They experienced discrete aspects of their work as challenging, yet enjoyed their interactions with callers and the quality of relationships they had with colleagues and supervisors. Whilst counsellors experienced elements of the physical environment to be distracting and uncomfortable, they were able to exert some influence over the impact of these features by locating themselves in a preferred counselling booth. Counsellors were found to enter into a distinct mental place when joining with their callers. Within this mental place they experienced a higher degree of proximity in counselling calls and greater distance in testing calls. The counsellors were able to manage the degree of closeness within their calls by their physical movement of leaning into counselling calls and leaning back from testing calls. This thesis makes a contribution to the telephone counselling literature by identifying the role organisations play in shaping counsellors’ experiences of this work in terms of subjective wellbeing and highlighting the spatial and physical dimensions of this work. Implications are raised for telephone counselling service delivery in relation to: the design and layout of these services; the importance of accessible supervision; and providing the opportunity for counsellors to engage in self-care practices whilst on shift. On a conceptual level, this thesis makes a further contribution by illuminating the distinct nature of telephone counselling and how it operates as a form of spatial practice.

The primary aim of the evaluation project was to determine the impact of The Salvation Army Doorways case management model in relation to client satisfaction and meeting client needs. Specifically, the project sought to: • Provide an overview of structural barriers confronting individuals who are entrenched in enduring poverty; • Provide an overview of the specific issues encountered by individuals, including insight into personal challenges, hopes and dreams; • Analyse the effectiveness of Doorways interventions, specifically: o How important is the relationship with staff at the Doorways centre? o What skills and knowledge do staff need? o What Doorways activities are the most successful in breaking the cycle of poverty? o How important are community connections? • Provide information to The Salvation Army on what works well in Doorways and how Doorways might be improved or enhanced.