Pertanian modern menghadapi tantangan serius akibat ketergantungan tinggi pada pupuk anorganik yang berdampak negatif terhadap lingkungan, meningkatkan biaya produksi, dan menurunkan kesuburan tanah. Padahal, sumber daya lokal berupa vegetasi sekunder seperti gulma, limbah pertanian, dan tumbuhan liar di pedesaan masih jarang dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku pupuk organik. Melalui kegiatan pengabdian ini dikembangkan teknologi tepat guna untuk mengolah vegetasi sekunder menjadi pupuk bokashi yang ramah lingkungan, murah, serta mudah diterapkan oleh petani. Program dilaksanakan dengan tiga tahapan, yaitu pra-implementasi berupa sosialisasi dan pelatihan teknis, implementasi melalui praktek langsung pembuatan serta aplikasi bokashi, dan pasca-implementasi berupa monitoring serta pembentukan kelompok tani pengolah bokashi. Metode ini disusun adaptif sesuai kondisi sosial ekonomi dan biofisik lokal, dengan menekankan efisiensi input, keberlanjutan ekosistem, dan partisipasi aktif masyarakat. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan peningkatan kapasitas petani dalam memproduksi serta menggunakan bokashi, berkurangnya ketergantungan pada pupuk kimia, dan meningkatnya kesadaran ekologis terhadap pengelolaan tanah berkelanjutan. Selain itu, terbentuk kelompok tani mandiri yang mampu mereplikasi inovasi ke wilayah lain. Program ini sekaligus menjadi media diseminasi penelitian pengelolaan limbah hijau, menjawab lambatnya adopsi teknologi organik, serta memperkuat jaringan kelembagaan lokal. Dengan demikian, pupuk bokashi berbasis vegetasi sekunder merupakan strategi penting dalam mendukung pertanian berkelanjutan dan ketahanan ekonomi rumah tangga petani

Infomation climate data of a place plays an important role in the development of agriculture in the region. This can be used to find out about the relationship between plants and climate, estimates of planting time, harvest time, drought (water deficit), flooding (water surplus) can be made, and determining the types of plants used. In accordance. This study aims to determine the level of groundwater availability based on land water balance analysis in the Wolasi sub-watershed and to find out how to plan planting patterns of upland rice and corn according to groundwater availability in the Wolasi sub-watershed. This study uses monthly rainfall data for 10 years (2012-2021) and other climate data (air temperature) for 10 years (2012-20121). Calculation of land water balance using the Throntwaite-Mather method. The result of land water balance calculation under conditions of monthly average rainfall distribution of water availability in the Wolasi sub-watershed are classified as very adequate where a surplus occurs from January to July and December. While the water deficit occurs from August to October. At a 75% chance of rainfall, the distribution of water availability is classified as very adequate,where a surplus occurs from January to July and November to December and a water deficit occurs from July to October. In the Wolasi sub-watershed, the montly average rainfall for upland rice can be planted in January and the final harvest in April, while for corn, the initial planting can be done in May and the final harvest in July, upland rice and corn can be planted twice in a row. a year and can also be planted in intercropping. With a 75% chance of rainfall in the Wolasi sub-watershed, the initial planting of upland rice can be done in January and the final harvest in April, while corn plants can be intercropped, planting upland rice and corn can be done once a year.

Anggrek dikenal sebagai tanaman hias populer yang dimanfaatkan bunganya karena sangat indah dan variasinya hampir tidak terbatas. Indonesia memiliki kekayaan jenis anggrek yang sangat tinggi, terutama anggrek epifit yang hidup di pohon-pohon hutan, dari Sumatera hingga Papua. Anggrek di Indonesia diperkirakan memiliki lebih dari 5000 jenis anggrek alam. Keragaman tersebut merupakan potensi yang terpendam dan dapat dimanfaatkan untuk peningkatan nilai estetika dan peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Namun demikian meskipun banyak dan beragam dan jenis anggrek di Indonesia, kaberadannya terancam punah akibat perubahan kondisi habitatnya maupun akibat pencurian. Oleh karena itu dilakukan berbagai upaya pelestarian sumber plasma nutfah tersebut. Pelestarian dengan berbagai teknik yang ada bertujuan untuk mengamankan dan menyelamatkan kekayaan plasma nutfah bangsa. Sementara penyelamatan anggrek dengan cara penangkaran dimaksudkan aagar agar masyarakat tak lagi mengambil anggrek atau hasil hutan lainnya secara langsung dari hutan, utamanya hutan-hutan yang berada dalam kawasan perlindungan seperti hutan marga satwa atau kebun raya. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian terintegrasi KKN-tematik ini adalah untuk menumbuhkan semangat dan sikap untuk pelestarian anggrek secara exsitu sehingga keselamatan plasma nutfah tetap terjaga serta menciptakan koleksi kebun anggrek pada Kebun Raya UHO. Luaran dari kegiatan pengabdian terintegrasi KKN-tematik ini adalah berupa produk dan teknik konservasi anggrek secara lestari pada kawasan Kebun Raya UHO dengan model pelestarian secara exsitu.

In order to develop soybean plants, the availability of water in the form of soil moisture is one of the factors that give a very important message. Water supply is usually obtained from rainwater, so the arrangement of cropping pattern often follows the pattern of rainfall distribution that occurs. Preparation of water balance is intended to increase the productivity of dry land through the determination of pattern and planting schedule in accordance with groundwater availability. The water balance analysis using climate data series includes monthly rainfall and air temperature. Climate data obtained from Climatology Station Wolter Monginsidi Kendari Southeast Sulawesi. The opportunity for rainfall is exceeded and the water balance is analyzed using statistical methods. The results show that the soil moisture conditions are available for the crops for 8 months, ie from December 10 daily 2 to July 10 daily 2. while the water deficit in August to November (during dry season). Thus the cultivation can be done for 8 months ie when a surplus of water.

Based on Regional Statistical Data for South Konawe Regency (2021) the harvested area of patchouli plants reached 427 ha with a total production of 924 tons or an average production of 2.16 tons ha-1 in 2019, but patchouli production has decreased sharply, where in 2020 production Patchouli only achieves an average production of 0.34 tons ha-1. This also happened in Wolasi Sub-District as one of the patchouli cultivation centers for South Konawe Regency. The average production is still far below the national average. It is suspected that the soil fertility factor is one of the causes of the decreased productivity of patchouli plants in Wolasi District. This research was carried out on patchouli plantations in Wolasi District, South Konawe Regency. The research objectives were: 1) to determine the relationship between soil physical characteristics and patchouli production in Wolasi District. The research was carried out from September to November 2022. The research method used a survey method which was based on field observations and soil analysis at the Soil Science Laboratory, Halu Oleo University. Determining the location of sampling of soil and patchouli production at the location of patchouli plantations in Wolasi District uses a composite sampling technique. There are 12 soil sampling locations. The results of the soil analysis were then statistically analyzed using Microsoft Excel software. Analysis was conducted to reveal the relationship between soil physical characteristics (porosity, bulk density and soil depth) with patchouli production. The results showed that content weight had a positive correlation and affected patchouli productivity by 23.23%. Porosity has a positive correlation and affects patchouli productivity by 16.68%. Effective depth has a positive correlation and affects patchouli productivity by 36.3%.Keywords: regression analysis, patchouli productivity, soil physical properties

This study aims to determine the effect of chicken manure application on pH and soil moisture of Inceptisols and growth and production of tomato plants and the effective dose of chicken manure on pH and soil moisture of inceptisols and growth and production of tomato plants. This research was conducted at the tried the Laboratory and field experiment II Faculty of Agriculture, Halu Oleo University from January to March 2022. The research design used was a randomized block design (RBD), consist of five doses of treatmen, namely K0 = without chicken manure, K1 = chicken manure 1 kg plot-1 equivalent to 10 tons ha-1, K2 = chicken manure 2 kg plot-1 equivalent to 20 tons ha-1, K3 = chicken manure 3 kg plot-1 equivalent to 30 tons ha-1 , K4 = chicken manure 4 kg plot-1 equivalent to 40 tons ha-1. The results showed that the application of chicken manure can affect the pH and soil moisture of Inceptisols and increase plant growth and production of tomato plants. K4 treatment was an effective dose on pH and soil moisture of Inceptisols, while the K3 treatment was an effective dose on the growth and production of tomato plants. This is because the application of chicken manure can provide the nutrients needed by the soil and plants. The effective dose of chicken manure on tomato yields was 3 kg plot-1 or equivalent to 30 ton ha-1.

Rainfed rice fields are rice fields whose irrigation systems rely heavily on rainfall, this type of rice fields only produces in the rainy season. This rainfed rice field is categorized as marginal land lacking in nutrients. So this study aims to determine the effect of organic fertilizer from palm oil waste on the chemical properties of rainfed lowland rice, on the growth and production of rainfed lowland rice plants, as well as which fertilizer provides the best growth and production of rainfed lowland rice. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) which consisted of one treatment, with 22% and 11% of different tangkos ashes, namely; 1) The dose of MF 22 consists of 5 levels, namely: P0 = Without treatment, P1 = 22% tangkos ash plus 6.25 g/plot organic fertilizer, P4 = 22% tangkos ash plus 124 g/plot organic fertilizer, P7 Tangkos ash = 22% added with organic fertilizer 166 g/plot, P10 = 22% tangkos ash added with organic fertilizer 207 g/plot, 2) Dosage of MF 11 consists of 5 levels, namely: P0 = Without Treatment, P1 = 11% tangkos ash added with organic fertilizer 6.25 g/plot, P4 = 11% tangkos ash added with organic fertilizer 124 g/plot, P7 = 11% tangkos ash added with organic fertilizer 166 g/plot, P10 = 11% tangkos ash added with organic fertilizer 207 g/plot. The results showed that organic fertilizer from palm oil waste was able to increase the nutrient content of organic N, P, K, C, CEC and pH in paddy soil. The application of organic fertilizer from oil palm waste had an effect on plant height, number of tillers, number of panicles, number of panicles and the weight of 1000 grains, but had no effect on the number of panicle branches, straw wet weight, straw dry weight, and the dose of organic fertilizer from palm oil waste. the best is 22% tangkos ash added with organic fertilizer 207 g/plot is better than other treatments.

This research was carried out on rainfed rice fields in Pombula Jaya Village, South Konawe Regency from January to March 2022. The objectives of this study are: to determine the status of some soil chemical properties in rainfed lowland rice fields in Pombula Jaya Village, South Konawe Regency and to find out the recommendation of the right fertilizer dosage for rainfed rice fields in Pombula Jaya Village, South Konawe Regency. This research will use a free survey method. Soil sampling was done randomly (simple random sampling) where in each rainfed rice field plot there were 7 (seven) points, namely: Center Pombula I, Center Pombula II, North Pombula I, North Pombula II, South Pombula I, South Pombula II, and East Pombula. Soil samples taken from the research location were air-dried for 1 (one) week and then brought to the UPT Integrated Laboratory of Halu Oleo University for analysis of the nutrient content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and C-organic, CEC, and soil pH. The results of the analysis of soil samples on rainfed rice fields are classified as low to high. Where the levels of N-total 0.07-0.13%, available-P 1.60-9.43 ppm, availabel-K 0.13-0.34 me/100g, C-organic 1.41-1.83%, KTK 19.15-29.79, and pH 4.45-5.86. Based on the results of soil analysis, it is recommended to fertilize rainfed rice fields in Pombula Jaya Village, South Konawe Regency, namely: urea 270-340 kg ha-1, SP-36 as much as 50-100 kg ha-1 and KCl 50-100 kg ha-1.

Brown rice (Oryza sativa) is a highly nutritious staple food that contains anthocyanins in addition to carbohydrates, fat, protein, fiber, and minerals. Anthocyanins serve as antioxidants, playing a crucial role in plant and human health. Efforts to improve rice production, particularly upland rice production, are always coupled with efforts to increase production of brown rice. The majority of brown rice is produced from upland rice. There has been no effort to manufacture brown rice before today. Therefore, efforts to expand upland rice production with native cultivars are inextricably linked to efforts to boost upland rice output of red rice. Upland rice is brown rice consumed without going through a grinding process or the process of removing the bran and bran from the endosperm of the rice. Rice is only ground into broken rice so that the husk is still attached to the endosperm and has high nutritional value. Strong body immunity and excellent health levels are needed. One of them is by consuming healthy food that is available locally and has become a daily food menu, it only needs to increase production and processing efforts so that it is always healthy. Upland brown rice can be planted as an intercrop to maximize land use for plantation crops, so it has the potential to be developed in Southeast Sulawesi because there is still a lot of unused land or land that has not been used optimally. Therefore, in the context of providing healthy food and functional food based on upland red rice, which farming families can reach, and close to the location of the farmers' livelihoods, it is necessary to increase brown rice production through the introduction of brown rice cultivation technology as a garden plant and also as a family medicinal plant.

Rice is the primary source of carbohydrates in Indonesia. The rice demand increases every year and needs to fulfil sustainably. Effective fertilizer treatment is very important. The study aimed to determine the effectiveness and the best dosage of NPK on the growth of several superior upland rice lines from Southeast Sulawesi. The research was conducted in Field Experiment Faculty of Agriculture, Halu Oleo University. The research design in factorial randomized block design (RBD) consists of two factors. The first factor was the rice cultivar different, i.e., GS11-2 (G1), GS12-2 (G2), GS44-2 (G3), GS16-2 (G4), and Lipigo 4 as a check variety or control. The second factor was the different dose of NPK, i.e., without fertilizer as a control, 4 g plant -1 , and 8 g plant -1 . The observed parameter is plant height (cm), leaf number and tiller number. The observational data were analysed using ANOVA dan further using DMRT tests. The results showed NPK fertilizer was effective on the growth of several upland rice lines in the parameter of plant height, leaf number, and tiller number. The four lines tested showed that these lines had the potential to become new superior upland rice varieties.

The sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L). has significant potential as a source of carbohydrates in Indonesia The purple hue of sweet potatoes is a result of natural pigments known as anthocyanins. As antioxidants and free radical scavengers, anthocyanin chemicals have a crucial role in combating aging, cancer, and degenerative disorders. In addition, anthocyanins possess anti-mutagenic and anti-carcinogenic properties, as well as the capacity to prevent liver function abnormalities, act as antihypertensives, and reduce blood sugar levels. Given the numerous benefits of anthocyanin content, the presence of anthocyanin compounds as a source of natural antioxidants in purple sweet potatoes is highly intriguing. Alongside the growing public knowledge of healthy living, consumer food preferences are also altering. Foods that are beginning to be in high demand among consumers have an appealing appearance and flavor, as well as specialized physiological benefits for the human body. The presence of anthocyanin compounds in purple sweet potato makes this type of food very attractive to be processed into foods with functional value. On the one hand, with the increasingly limited land area, the potential for developing agricultural products, including sweet potatoes, is also increasingly limited. Meanwhile, on the other hand, the yard business model owned by households is not utilized optimally. Therefore, in providing healthy food and functional food based on anthocyanin-rich sweet potatoes, it is necessary to develop and revitalize yard land by vertically developing sweet potatoes in sacks. In addition to increase the availability of functional, healthy food, this activity is also a revitalization of the use of yardland.

Sago is an alternative food source crop, especially in Southeast Sulawesi. From year to year, the area of sago crops tends to decrease due to conversion and limited cultivation levels. Therefore, to preserve sago, it is necessary to identify and characterize sago growing in Kendari Peninsula. This study aims to identify and describe morphologically the types of sago found in sago-producing centers in the Kendari peninsula, Southeast Sulawesi. Observations were made on the different types of sago growing at two locations of sago planting centers. Parameter measurements were carried out on stem height, bark thickness, leaf width, leaf length, stem diameter, harvest age, and production per stem. The results showed that there were four types of sago found, namely roe ( Metroxylon sagu R.), runggamanu ( Metroxylon rumphii M.), and barowila ( Metroxylon longispinum M.) and sago rui ( Metroxylon microcantum ). There are differences in sago vegetative and generative growth due to differences in growing environmental conditions and local climate. In general, the dominant types of sago in both locations were sago roe ( Metroxylon sagus R.) and sago runggamanu ( Metroxylon rumphii M.).

This study aims to determine the effect of using goat manure on plant growth and to determine the best dose on the growth of mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) on the coastal land of Nambo. The study was conducted from June to August 2021. The study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) which consisted of 7 treatments and 3 replications so that 21 experimental units were obtained, namely (K0) control 0 g polybags, (K1) 50 g polybags are equivalent to 10 tons ha, (K2)100 g polybags are equivalent to 20 tonsha, (K3)150 g polybags are equivalent to 30 tons ha, (K4) 200 g polybags are equivalent to 40 tons ha, (K5) 250 g polybags are equivalent to 50 tons ha, (K6)300 g polybags are equivalent to 60 tons ha. The results showed that the application of goat manure gave the best N was 1,7% (very high), the best available P was 18,96 ppm (low), and K the best available was 0,60 me 100 g (very low). The highest goat manure application was achieved at a dose of 50 g polybags with an average plant height reaching 48,00 cm and the number of leaves at a dose of 100 g polybags 53,67 strand.

The purpose of this study was to determine the growth of mustard plant (Brassica juncea L.) responses to arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi under net house treatment. This research was conducted in net house of SindangKasih village, District of West Ranomeeto, South Konawe, and Laboratory of the Faculty Forestry and Environmental Science Halu Oleo University Kendari, Indonesia. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), which consists of 5 treatments i.e.: with out of mycorrhiza fungi propagules (M0), mycorrhiza fungi propagules as 25 g per polybag (M1), mycorrhiza fungi propagules as 50 g per polybag (M2), mycorrhiza fungi propagules as 75 g per polybag (M3), mycorrhiza fungi propagules as 100 g per polybag (M4). The variables observed were plant height, leaf number, total leaf area, specific leaves area and percentage of mycorrhiza fungi infection on rooting of mustard plant. The result of the research showed that application of the mycorrhiza fungi propagules at doses of 75 g per polybag given the highest of total leaves area as such as 1800.8 cm2, application the mycorrhiza fungi propagules at doses of 100 g per polybag given the highest specific of leaves area as such as 113.7 cm2, and application the mycorrhiza fungi at doses 25 g per polybag given the highest of percentage of mycorrhiza fungi infection to rooting of mustard plant as such as 14.90%.

Abstract Watermelon fruit is favored because of its sweet and fresh fruit flavor, but in the market it is often found the taste of watermelon that is less sweet (tasteless). The sweet taste of watermelon is much influenced by environmental conditions, especially climate factors (rainfall). Generally fruit produced from areas with high rainfall often produces a less sweet taste. This study aims to determine the effect of soil moisture status on the growth and production of local watermelons. This study was compiled based on a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 3 replications. The treatment given is soil moisture status, consisting of 4 levels, namely: L1 = KAT 100% of field capacity, L2 = KAT 80% of field capacity, L3 = KAT 60% of field capacity and L4 = KAT 40% of field capacity. Observation data were analyzed using variance (F test) 5% real level and continued with further BNT test at the 5% test level. The results showed that soil moisture status and potassium fertilizer dosage had a significant effect on plant height at 4, 6 da, 8 weeks after planting and gave a significant effect on leaf area at 6 weeks of age. Keywords: Soil moisture, Watermelon. Abstrak Buah semangka disukai karena rasa buahnya yang manis dan segar, namun dipasaran sering dijumpai rasa buah semangka yang kurang manis (tawar). Rasa manis buah semangka banyak dipengaruhi oleh kondisi lingkungan, terutama factor iklim (curah hujan). Umumnya buah yang dihasilkan dari daerah dengan curah hujan tinggi sering menghasilkan rasa yang kurang manis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh status lengas tanah terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi buah semangka lokal. Penelitian ini disusun berdasarkan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 3 kali ulangan. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah status lengas tanah, terdiri dari 4 taraf yaitu : L1 = KAT 100% dari kapasitas lapang, L2 = KAT 80% dari kapasitas lapang, L3 = KAT 60% dari kapasitas lapang dan L4 = KAT 40% dari kapasitas lapang, Data pengamatan dianalisa dengan menggunakan sidik ragam (uji F) taraf nyata 5% dan dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut BNT pada taraf uji 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa status lengas tanah dan dosis pupuk kalium memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman pada umur 4, 6 da, 8 minggu setelah tanam dan memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap luas daun pada umur 6 minggu. Kata Kunci : Lengas Tanah, Semangka