Polymer-based bioactive composites are one of the most rapidly advancing areas in contemporary regenerative medicine. This review aims to identify major trends and knowledge gaps in the development of bioactive polymer composites and examine their translational relevance from a materials design perspective, with a specific focus on synthetic thermoplastic polymer matrices suitable for load-bearing bone scaffold applications and filament-based additive manufacturing. A total of 546 publications spanning 2016-2025 were screened, with 106 selected according to predefined relevance criteria. Bibliometric and content analyses were performed to delineate the primary research trajectories of bioactive composite materials. The results revealed that the majority of studies focused on composites comprising synthetic aliphatic polyesters, primarily polylactic acid (PLA) or polycaprolactone (PCL), reinforced with hydroxyapatite (HA) or bioactive glass (BG), which confer osteoconductivity but rarely achieve multifunctionality. Antimicrobial agents, ion-releasing components, and naturally derived bioactive molecules-associated with biointeractive functionalities and reported effects related to osteogenesis, angiogenesis, and immune modulation-are significantly underrepresented. Fewer than 20% of the investigated studies include in vivo validation, underscoring considerable scope for further preclinical and translational research. This work consolidates current trends in synthetic bioactive polymer composite design and identifies critical directions for future research. The findings of this review provide a structured framework to support the selection of composite fabrication and modification strategies, functional additives, and targeted biological functionalities for next-generation, load-bearing bone tissue engineering materials.

Scabiosa ochroleuca L. is one of the promising Kazakh domestic medicinal plants. It has been used in traditional medicine for stomach, ostealgia, fever, tuberculosis, syphilis, eye infections, and as a wound healing agent. Despite its therapeutical applications, there is a lack of its secondary metabolites. The aim of the manuscript is to study the chemical difference between the two extracts prepared by ultrasonic and microwave methods by GC-MS analysis and their antioxidant properties. To determine the possibility of using S. ochroleuca L., we researched the component composition of extracts obtained by ultrasound and microwave methods of the aboveground part of S. ochroleuca L. using the specific GC-MS method, as well as the antiradical and antioxidant activity of the obtained extracts were researched. The GC-MS analysis of the silylized extracts revealed the presence of several major components: catechol, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 4H-pyran-4-one,2,3-dihydro-3,5dihydroxy-6-methyl-, Aand quinic acid. The antiradical activity (DPPH) showed that the ultrasonic extract had a stronger activity (83.9 %). The activity of the ultrasonic and microwave extracts at concentration of 0.75 mg/mL and 1 mg/mL, respectively, was almost the same as the standard butylhydroxyanisole (1 mg/mL), accordingly, using the FRAP method at a concentration of 1 mg/mL, the extracts showed high activity in comparison with the standard sample (ascorbic acid), which proves the prospects of studying this herb.

This article describes the first detailed method for the synthesis of the sought-after anti tuberculosis drugs Methazide (2) and Ftivazide (3) in a microwave flow-type reactor. The process was carried out in water, the time of synthesis of Methazide was reduced by a factor of 36 and of Ftivazide by a factor of 24 as compared with known convection prototypes; the replacement of toxic aqueous formaldehyde solution by safer paraformaldehyde was successfully carried out, all of which makes the proposed method consistent with the principles of the “Green Chemistry“ concept.

The synthesis of symmetrical and asymmetrical 1,4-dihydropyridines in a flow microwave reactor was performed, using calcium channel blockers API Nifedipine and Nimodipine as an example. During the experiment, a method (protocol) for a three-component Hantzsch reaction for the synthesis of symmetrical 1,4-dihydropyridines and a three-stage method for the synthesis of asymmetric 1,4-dihydropyridines was developed. The use of microwave activation significantly increased the speed of the chemical process compared to convection prototypes, while using the flow reactor allows to scale up the process. The conditions found during the experiments allowed to synthesize desired substances with a yield of 75–90%.

Due to the ever-increasing amount of electronic waste (e-waste) worldwide, the problem of the effective disposal of printed circuit board waste (WPCB), which are environmentally hazardous, difficult to recycle and economically valuable products, has become a major environmental challenge. Conventional WPCB recycling techniques have low efficiency and require tough processing, such as heat treatment and high pressure. This paper presents a new composite material for the manufacture of printed circuit boards (PCB) that can be easily recycled into their original components and reused. In addition, the most valuable PCB components (electronic components containing precious metals) can be easily separated from the printed circuit board and reused. This study demonstrates the benefit of using biodegradable polymers as binders for PCBs in terms of environmentally friendly and efficient recycling.

The article represents a new production method based on polylactic acid for electronic devices. The originality of the proposed method is the replacement of environmentally unfriendly binders currently used in the manufacture of printed circuit boards with biodegradable polymers. We focused on materials based on renewable raw materials, which can be completely recycled to safe chemicals or reused without deep recycling in chemical or biochemical industries. Also, the proposed material biodegrades naturally into environmental substances. This approach has great potential for practical industrial uses, especially in the light of the “green chemistry” and “circular economy” concepts. Besides, the described materials are a promising base for creating new composite materials for biodegradable electronics.

One of the most popular building blocks for producing organic semiconductors is 2,7-dibromo-9H-carbazole and its derivatives. Building blocks based on 9H-carbazole are among the most expensive building blocks. The article presents new, highly effective, and “green” methods for the synthesis of 2,7-dibromo-9H-carbazole and its derivatives under microwave irradiation. The use of a flow-type microwave reactor significantly reduced the synthesis time. The methods described differ in efficiency, simplicity, performance, and a significant reduction in time compared to classical methods. The research was conducted in accordance with the principles of green chemistry.

With the development and improvement of systems for converting sunlight into electric and thermal energy, more and more work is emerging on the development of the newest and most promising direction in solar energy, namely the creation of solar cells based on photosensitive polymers. Recently the power conversion efficiency of organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices has overcome the barrier of 17%, and thus we can expect a new wave of scientific interest in the development of new, more efficient OPV devices. Unfortunately, during searching for highly efficient chemical structures of OPV polymers, the researchers missed an important point: all photovoltaic polymers consist of aromatic and heteroaromatic «building blocks», which, in turn, are synthesized based on outdated techniques using highly toxic, dangerous for life and environment precursors. The development of «green», environmentally friendly, economically viable methods for the synthesis of photovoltaic polymers and building blocks for their production, will make the energy obtained from OPV truly «green». In this work, we present an alternative, «green» method for synthesizing halogen-containing aromatic and heteroaromatic, expensive building blocks most commonly used in the synthesis of photovoltaic polymers, which can be used to obtain photovoltaic polymers of various structures. We present the original methods for the synthesis of 4,4-dibromo-1,1- biphenyl (1), 4,7-dibromo-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (2), 2-bromothiophene (3) and 2,5-dibromothiophene (4). All these methods differ from the previously described routes by their simplicity and convenience of their implementation, the absence of corrosive and irritant reagents, good yield and compliance with the principles of «Green Chemistry».

In this work, the photo-induced heating of polymer films functionalized with azo-chromophore molecules has been studied for the first time. We have characterized the photoinduced heating of free-standing thin films with the use of scanning thermal microscopy with nanometer resolution. It has been shown that the film of 800 nm thickness being irradiated by resonant laser radiation (532 nm) and the power of 25 mW/cm(2) is heated by 1.7 K. Furthermore, a method has been introduced for determining the glass transition temperature of thin (<100 nm) polymer films based on thermo-induced atomic force microscopy (thermalassisted AFM). In the proposed approach, the change of the phase of oscillating AFM cantilever has been used to determine the glass transition temperature. An anomalous decrease in the glass transition temperature has been shown for both free-standing and supported azobenzene-functionalized polymeric thin films.

Oxidation of heterocycles of the pyridine series under conditions of microwave irradiation was studied. It is established that oxidation of pyridine and 4-methylpyridine with hydrogen peroxide results in the corresponding N-oxides, and oxidation of 3-(piperidin-2-yl)pyridine gives δ-oximino-δ-(pyridyl-3-N-oxide)-valeric acid.

The possibility of preparing 2-amino-4-phenylthiazole from acetophenone, iodine, and thiourea under the conditions of microwave irradiation was studied.