AbstractAus dem Imidazol (I) wird durch N‐Ethylierung ein Gemisch der Verbindungen (II) und (III) erhalten, das sich durch präparative Dünnschichtchromatographie trennen läßt. Die Verbindungen (II) bzw. (III) werden mit wäßrigem Ammoniak in die Diamide (IV) bzw. (V) umgewandelt.

Experiments on rabbits with electrodes chronically implanted into the cortex and deep brain structures were made to examine the changes that occur during epileptiform reactions induced by electric stimulation of the motor cortex. Formation of different epileptiform reactions, seizures and hyperkineses was dependent on the current intensity and regimen. It is suggested that the development of stable chronic changes on the electrogram and in the animals' behavior in the course of a direct action on the "dispatch" and "destination" stations may be a consequence of the functioning of the determinant "dispatch" station and formation of the pathological system.

The decreased microsomal Ca++Mg++ATPase activity and lowered level of Ca++ binding by the brain cortex microsomes in seizure prone rats as compared with normal animals have been revealed. Taurine increases these parameters in experiments in vitro. Injection of taurine into the penicillin-provoked epileptogenic focus prevents the seizure reaction in rabbits. This effect is not observed after injection of taurine together with EGTA. The data obtained demonstrate the important role of calcium ions in the anticonvulsant action of taurine.

An increase in the medium size of mitochondria in synapses, postsynaptic dendrites and neurons of the dorsal hippocampus was recorded after single and 3fold intracortical injection of penicillin (1000 IE) to rabbits. An increase in the size of vacuoles was found in astrocytes, synapses and postsynaptic dendrites. Mitochondrial hypertrophy indicates the energy output intensification in the form of ATP, while the increased size of vacuoles points to a greater permeability. The changes disclosed evidence an activation of synapses, postsynaptic dendrites and neurons.

The effect of micropolarization (MP) with a current of 0.05–0.75 μA on epileptogenic foci produced by injection of 500 and 1000 units of penicillin solution into the motor cortex was investigated in chronic experiments on rabbits. A single MP of extrafocal structures (corpus callosum, caudate nucleus) and of the region of the focus was shown to inhibit the development of paroxysmal responses. Repeated MP of the region of the focus had the opposite effect. The effects observed can probably be explained not only by the specific role of the structures studied in the processes of formation and spread of excitation, and by their initial functional state, but also by the dependence of the activity of these structures on the conditions of MP.