PURPOSE:Although tobacco use and occupational exposures are established risk factors for urothelial cancer (UC), the influence of dietary factors remains uncertain. We conducted a systematic review to synthesize evidence from prospective cohort studies examining associations between dietary exposures and UC incidence. METHODS:A comprehensive literature search of MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science (May 2025) was performed to identify prospective studies evaluating dietary factors with UC incidence. The risk of bias was assessed using standard tools (CRD420251043101). RESULTS:From 6253 records screened, 32 prospective cohort studies were included, encompassing 2 277 677 participants. Investigated exposures included fluid intake (four studies, n = 562 038), coffee (four, n = 1 013 624), milk (three, n = 613 141), tea (three, n = 532 949), alcohol (three, n = 694 585), fruits (three, n = 597 753), vegetables (three, n = 555 685), protein (two, n = 469 339), fibre (two, n = 466 577), and cruciferous vegetables (two, n = 1 071 313). Only one study specifically assessed upper tract urothelial carcinoma (n = 80 388). Two studies suggested a borderline inverse association between high fluid intake and bladder cancer (BC) risk (upper 95% confidence interval >0.95), whereas two others found no such association. Three of four coffee studies reported no significant association after adjustment for smoking; one reported a modest increased risk. Fruit and vegetable intake showed modest inverse associations with BC risk in three studies. Most included studies were at moderate risk of bias, and residual confounding-particularly by smoking-remains a concern. CONCLUSION:Available evidence does not support a strong or consistent association between dietary factors and BC incidence. Although a healthy diet is beneficial for overall well-being, patients should be informed that dietary modifications alone are unlikely to meaningfully alter their BC risk.

Objectives We sought to evaluate whether rotating night shift work increases the risk of type 2 diabetes, particularly among women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods We included 50 122 Nurses' Health Study II participants who were parous at baseline in 1989 or at any time during follow-up through 2019. Using multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models, we estimated the HRs and 95% CIs for the associations between cumulative years of rotating night shift work and incident type 2 diabetes, overall, and by history of GDM. Results Compared with participants who never engaged in rotating night shift work, we observed a graded increase in the risk of type 2 diabetes with cumulative years of rotating night shift work: HR (95% CI) 1.14 (1.04 to 1.24) for <5 years, 1.32 (1.17 to 1.49) for 5-10 years and 1.32 (1.16 to 1.50) for >10 years (p-linear trend <0.001). Stratifying by history of GDM, we observed a similar pattern of associations among participants without a history of GDM, but not among those with a history of GDM (p-interaction=0.02). History of GDM was strongly associated with risk of incident type 2 diabetes in all women, including those who never worked rotating night shifts: HR (95% CI) 4.76 (3.90 to 5.81). Conclusions/interpretation Cumulative years of rotating night shift work were modestly associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes, overall, and among nurses without a history of GDM. Rotating night shift work was not associated with risk of type 2 diabetes among individuals with a history of GDM, an exceptionally high-risk subgroup for type 2 diabetes.

Abstract Background /Aims: Research on the link between circadian disruption, particularly from night shiftwork, and colorectal cancer (CRC) has been limited and inconsistent. Few studies have investigated whether other sources of circadian disruption may be associated with CRC or its precursors. One source is solar jetlag that leads to residents in the western vs. eastern part of a time zone to receive less light exposure in the morning and greater light exposure at night, likely suppressing melatonin release and reducing sleep propensity and sleep duration. The objective of this study was to examine the association between solar jetlag and CRC precursors in the United States. Methods: Our study consisted of Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) II participants who received one or more lower endoscopies between 1991-2015. Cases self-reported colorectal polyps in biennial questionnaires and were confirmed by medical record review. As a proxy for solar jetlag, we calculated the distance from the time zone meridian (TZM), based on participant’s geocoded residential address histories, which was modeled as a per 5-degree increase in longitude moving east to west within a time zone. Time-varying multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models for clustered data estimated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: Over a 24-year follow-up period, 72,612 NHSII participants received at least one lower endoscopy; 4,450 conventional adenomas and 4,873 serrated polyps were diagnosed. We found no statistically significant association between distance to TZM and conventional adenomas (OR=1.03; 95% CI=0.99,1.07) or serrated polyps (OR=0.98, 95% CI= 0.95,1.02). Results were similarly null in analyses stratified by age at endoscopy (<50 vs. ≥ 50 years), polyp size, anatomical location, malignant potential, or reason for endoscopy. We observed statistically significant effect modification in which positive associations were observed in the Mountain time zone, among those never engaging in rotating night shift work, areas with higher ultraviolet radiation, and lower latitudes. Conclusions: Although we did not observe an association between distance to TZM and CRC precursors, we found significant effect modification in the association by various covariates determined a priori. These findings require further research into the mechanisms of action and confirmation in other cohorts. Citation Format: Bethsaida Cardona, Trang VoPham, Kyriaki Papantoniou, Eva Schernhammer, Jaime E. Hart, Mingyang Song, Andrew T. Chan. Circadian disruption from time zone position and risk of colorectal cancer precursors in women [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2026; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2026 Apr 17-22; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2026;86(7 Suppl):Abstract nr 6259.

Aims/hypothesis: Delayed and non-circadian sleep are emerging risk factors for poor cardiometabolic health. We sought to evaluate whether rotating night shift work in female nurses is related to risk of type 2 diabetes, particularly among high-risk women with a history of gestational diabetes (GDM). Methods: The Nurses’ Health Study II is an ongoing longitudinal cohort of 116,429 female nurses enrolled in 1989. Participants self-reported their history of rotating night shift work at baseline and updated recent night shift work (months with ≥3 night shifts) every 2-4 years thereafter. We included participants who were parous at baseline or at any time during follow-up from 1991 through 2019. Using multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models, we estimated the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations between cumulative years of rotating night shift work and incident type 2 diabetes, overall, and by history of GDM. Results: Among 50,122 participants (mean age 37 years in 1991), 36% did not work rotating night shifts, 48% worked <5 years of rotating night shifts, 11% worked 5-10 years, and 5% worked >10 years at baseline. A total of 2,548 participants had a history of GDM and there were 2,814 cases of incident type 2 diabetes. In the overall population, compared with participants who never engaged in night shift work, we observed a graded increase in the risk of type 2 diabetes with cumulative night shift work: HR(95%CI)= 1.14(1.04, 1.24) for <5 years, 1.32(1.17, 1.49) for 5-10 years, and 1.32(1.16, 1.50) for >10 years (p-linear trend <0.001). Stratifying by history of GDM, we observed a similar pattern of associations between cumulative years of night shift work and risk of type 2 diabetes among participants without a history of GDM, but not among those with a history of GDM (p-interaction=0.02). History of GDM was strongly associated with risk of incident type 2 diabetes in all women, including those who never worked night shifts: HR(95%CI)=4.76(3.90, 5.81). Conclusions/interpretation: Cumulative years of rotating night shift work was modestly associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes, overall, and among nurses without a history of GDM. Rotating night shift work was not associated with risk of type 2 diabetes among individuals with a history of GDM, an exceptionally high-risk sub-group for type 2 diabetes.

The COVID-19 pandemic profoundly disrupted daily life, including sleep behaviour. While several international studies report longer sleep durations during lockdown, most relied on convenience samples and only few influencing factors were considered. The aim of this study was to identify correlates of weekday sleep duration before and during Austria's first lockdown using two population-based cross-sectional surveys. Data were drawn from online surveys in September 2017 (n = 784) and May 2020 (n = 847), weighted to match the Austrian adult population by age and sex. Weekday sleep duration was derived from self-reported bed and wake times. Weighted linear regression models were fitted using backward elimination to select among known and suspected correlates of sleep duration. In 2020, additional COVID-specific covariables were considered. Covariable selection stability was assessed via bootstrapping. Compared to 2017, sleep duration increased in 2020 by 40 min (95% CI 27-55). Several covariables (minimum required sleep, work schedule, dinner time, chronotype, and diagnosed sleep disorder, education level and smoking status) were consistently retained in the selection models in both survey years. In 2020, COVID-specific factors such as changes in sleep quality, emotional burden during lockdown, and attitude toward the future further explained variation in sleep duration. Inclusion of these variables increased the adjusted model fit (R2) from 0.26 to 0.31. Beyond established determinants, COVID-related factors contributed substantially to explain variation in sleep duration during the lockdown. Our findings underscore the importance of incorporating context-specific covariables in future surveys to capture behavioural adaptations, e.g. during societal crises.

Importance:Artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs) and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are widely consumed worldwide and have been linked to metabolic disorders, including obesity and type 2 diabetes, which are established risk factors associated with liver cancer. However, prospective evidence examining beverage consumption and liver cancer subtypes remains limited and inconsistent. Objective:To examine associations between ASB and SSB consumption and risk of incident liver cancer overall and by subtype, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). Design, Setting, and Participants:In this pooled analysis of 11 prospective cohort studies (10 US cohorts and 1 European cohort, comprising adults without a history of cancer at baseline), participants were enrolled across cohorts between 1980 and 2009 and followed up through end-of-study dates ranging from 2000 to 2019. The median (IQR) duration of follow-up was 11.4 (10.8-27.9) to 31.4 (27.6-31.5) years. This analysis was conducted between September 2024 and August 2025. Participants were followed up via linkage to state cancer registries or follow-up surveys for incident liver cancer. Exposures:Self-reported intake of ASB and SSB assessed at baseline using validated food frequency questionnaires and analyzed per 1-beverage/day increment. Main Outcomes and Measures:Incident liver cancer overall and by subtype (HCC and ICC) identified through cancer registries or medical record review. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for liver cancer incidence, adjusting for potential confounders, including demographics and lifestyle factors, and weighted-mean meta-analysis of estimates. Results:A total of 1 518 411 participants (mean [SD] age, 57.8 [10.1] years; 883 832 female [58.2%]) were included in this analysis. During a median (IQR) of 17.8 (12.8-23.5) years of follow-up, 2811 incident liver cancer cases were identified, including 1699 HCC and 444 ICC cases. After multivariable adjustment, ASB intake per 1-beverage/day increase was not associated with liver cancer risk, HCC (10 cohorts), or ICC (6 cohorts). SSB intake per 1-beverage/day increase was not associated with overall liver cancer risk but was associated with increased risk of HCC (HR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.03-1.18; 10 cohorts) and ICC (HR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.00-1.32; 6 cohorts). There was no evidence of effect modification by diabetes status. Conclusions and Relevance:In this study, increased SSB consumption was associated with increased risk of HCC and ICC. There was little evidence that ASB intake was associated with liver cancer risk overall or by subtype.

STUDY OBJECTIVES:Our study introduced the 2023 UK Biobank sleep questionnaire and described variation in sleep health dimensions and the prevalence of disordered sleep. METHODS:A questionnaire comprising validated measures and bespoke items was developed to capture key self-reported domains of sleep health and symptoms of sleep disorders. We quantified cohort prevalence of operationally defined sleep disorders and assessed the patterning of sleep health dimensions across key sociodemographic and clinically relevant variables. RESULTS:A total of 183 704 individuals completed at least one module of the questionnaire after email invitation (representing 56 per cent of those with an active email address), and an additional 1352 individuals completed via the participant website. In total 185 056 individuals were included in the analysis. Respondents were predominantly from a White ethnic background (96.8%), had a mean age of 69.9 (SD, 7.5) years, 57.9 per cent were female, and 25.5 per cent were in employment. Compared to non-respondents, respondents were more likely to be female, tended to be better educated, healthier, and exhibit lower levels of socioeconomic deprivation, although baseline sleep variables were similar between respondents and non-respondents. Around 40 per cent of respondents reported sleep duration less than 7 h, and 49 per cent reported poor sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index >5). Approximately one-quarter (25.2%) met the criteria for at least one operationally defined sleep disorder, with insomnia being the most common (14.4%) followed by obstructive sleep apnea (8.0%), restless legs syndrome (4.1%), and frequent nightmares (3.7%). Sleep disorders were associated with higher levels of anxiety, depression, fatigue, and cognitive complaints. CONCLUSIONS:Poor sleep quality and operationally defined sleep disorders are common in the UK Biobank cohort. Sleep questionnaire data can now be integrated with a range of biomedical information to advance understanding of sleep.

ImportanceSporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) is a rare, rapidly progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disease. Definite sCJD diagnosis can only be made post mortem, and little is known about the prodromal phase of the disease.ObjectiveTo compare drug prescription patterns before the clinical onset of sCJD between patients and matched controls for exploration of potential risk factors and to assess correlations between drug exposure and sCJD survival.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective analysis was designed as a case-control study, with data collected from January 2013 to December 2020 and analyzed in 2023. Follow-up was available until December 2020. Cases were collected from the Austrian Reference Centre for Human Prion Diseases, which receives all suspected cases at a national level in Austria. The analyses were conducted at a single center. Patients with autopsy-confirmed sCJD were linked with insurance claims data, and a minimum of 10 control individuals were matched by sex, age at onset, and area of residence for each patient with sCJD.ExposureMedication prescribed to 10% or more of the cohort with sCJD up to 5 years before symptom onset or the matching date in the control cohort.Main Outcomes and MeasuresDrug prescription before symptom onset or the matching date was compared between patients with sCJD and controls using conditional regression, and prescriptions in the cohort with sCJD were assessed for correlation with survival using Cox proportional hazard models.ResultsA total of 129 patients with sCJD (median [IQR] age, 68.9 [62.4-75.5] years; 67 female [51.9%]) and 1350 controls (median [IQR] age, 69.0 [62.2-75.3] years; 700 female [51.9%]) were included. As compared with controls, patients with sCJD were found to have significantly higher odds of being prescribed selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in the year preceding disease onset (odds ratio, 2.86; 95% CI, 1.63-4.95; P < .001). SSRI prescription rates started to increase 3 years before symptom onset in the cohort with sCJD.Conclusions and RelevanceResults of this case-control study provide evidence for prodromal mood alterations as early as 3 years before symptom onset in patients with sCJD. Although sCJD remains an extremely rare cause of mood alterations, increased vigilance for neurodegenerative diseases in this setting could eventually help to extend the diagnostic window.

BACKGROUND:Despite widespread vaccination efforts, significant excess mortality continued in various countries following the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to estimate excess mortality during 2022 in 21 countries and regions, and to examine the relationship of governmental control measures and vaccination rates with excess mortality during 2021-2 at an ecological level. METHODS:Excess mortality for 2022 was estimated by analysing weekly mortality data from January 2020 to December 2022 across 21 countries and regions participating in the C-MOR consortium. This was achieved by comparing the observed age-standardized mortality rates per 100 000 population to a baseline derived from historical data (2015-19). Governmental control measures and vaccination efforts were investigated for their association with weekly excess mortality during 2021-2 in multilevel models with country as a random effect. RESULTS:All 21 countries experienced excess mortality in 2022, ranging from 8.6 (Peru) to 116.2 (Georgia) per 100 000 population, noting that rates were not directly comparable across countries. Many countries had higher excess mortality in 2022 compared with previous years. Mauritius showed a significant excess mortality for the first time in 2022. The proportion of COVID-19 deaths relative to total deaths decreased in 2022 for most countries, except Australia. Governmental control measures and vaccinations were associated with reduced excess mortality in 2021 and 2022, respectively. CONCLUSION:The study reveals sustained excess mortality throughout 2022. Excess deaths were mainly non-COVID-19-related, likely due to displaced mortality or to broader long-term impacts of the pandemic response. Governmental control policies and vaccination efforts were associated with lower excess mortality. These findings provide critical insights into pandemic mortality dynamics and emphasize the need for continued vigilance and adaptive public health strategies.

Shift work has adverse health consequences, but the genetic basis of this vulnerability remains underexplored. Using Genomic structural equation modelling, we derived six latent sleep factors reflecting core RU-SATED domains from large-scale GWAS data. Polygenic scores for sleep regularity and daytime alertness showed strong genetic correlations with metabolic and behavioral traits and were causally linked to depression, well-being, and insulin regulation in Mendelian randomization. A phenome-wide association study in UK Biobank comparing night shift workers with controls (N = 46,211) revealed associations with type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and other outcomes, which were independently replicated in the All of Us cohort (N = 131,729). Finally, genetic predisposition for reduced daytime alertness nearly doubled the odds of T2D in night shift workers compared to day workers, with genetic predisposition to irregular sleep showing similar effects on T2D and COPD. These risks were further amplified in smokers and obese individuals.

Background This study includes the long-term benefit-harm analysis of population-wide colorectal cancer (CRC) screening strategies commissioned by the Austrian National Committee for Cancer Screening (ANCCS). In addition, we present the related cost-effectiveness analysis. Methods Using a validated decision-analytic Markov state transition model, we evaluated 17 by the ANCCS suggested CRC-screening strategies differing in tests (fecal-immunochemical test (FIT), guaiac-based fecal occult blood test (gFOBT), colonoscopy (COL)), age at start (40,45,50 years) and end (COL: 65,70,75 years, FIT/gFOBT 75 years), and intervals (2,5,10 years). Positive FIT/gFOBT tests are followed by colonoscopy. Evaluated outcomes included health benefits (life-years gained (LYG), CRC-cases/CRC-deaths avoided), harms (severe colonoscopy complications, psychological harms due to positive test results (PTR), additional colonoscopies), stepwise evaluated incremental harm-benefit ratios (IHBR), and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICER). We applied the Austrian healthcare system perspective, a lifelong-time horizon and conducted sensitivity analyses. Results The most effective colonoscopy-based screening strategy is colonoscopy at age 40/50/60/70 (449 LYG per 1000 individuals) with an IHBR of 3 PTR/LYG compared to COL45/55/65 (ICER: 13,032 Euro/LYG vs. COL45/55/65/75). The most effective fecal blood-test-based strategy is annual FIT testing starting at age 40 years (488 LYG per 1000 individuals) and an IHBR of 30 PTR/LYG compared to FIT40+2y (biennial FIT starting age 40). All biennial FIT-based screening strategies represent alternative options on the harm-benefit efficiency frontier with IHBR of PTR/LYG: 2 (FIT50+2y vs. no screening), 5 (FIT45+2y vs. FIT50+2y), and 7 (FIT40+2y vs. FIT45+2y). The cost-effectiveness analyses provided stepwise ICERs ranging from 3391 Euro/LYG (FIT45+2y vs. FIT50+2y) to 47,812 Euro/LYG (FIT40+1y vs. FIT40+2y). Conclusions Our decision analysis shows benefit-harm and cost-effectiveness trade-offs. In the consensus meeting of the ANCCS, colonoscopy- and FIT-based screening starting at age 45 were selected as suggested screening strategies, accounting for benefit-harm balance, evidence level, and implementation aspects.

The Circadian Imbalance Index (CII) integrates chronotype, sleep duration, neuroticism, caffeine intake, and vitamin D. In a genome wide association study (GWAS) of CII in 312,935 European ancestry UK Biobank participants, we identified 27 loci mapping to 72 genes, including circadian regulators CALCA, DHCR7, KDM5A, HAL, and CRX. Gene-overlap analyses demonstrated shared architecture with CII components, while EPHB1, SERPING1, C12orf74, PLEKHG7, and EEA1 were uniquely associated with CII. A CII polygenic score (CII-PRS) showed phenome-wide associations with type 2 diabetes (T2D), major depressive disorder, and obesity. Genetic correlations linked CII with insomnia, mood symptoms, body mass index (BMI), T2D, coronary artery disease (CAD), and myocardial infarction (MI). Mendelian randomization suggested causal effects of CII on T2D, mood swings, and MI, and reverse effects of CAD, mood, and MI on CII. This work shows that circadian imbalance is a polygenic trait connecting sleep-related biology to metabolic, cardiovascular and mood health outcomes.

AIMS:Non-standard work schedules are becoming increasingly prevalent, with one in five workers participating in nightshifts. Whether working nightshifts is associated with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) outcomes, and whether chronotype or sleep duration moderate this association, remains unclear. METHODS:Our analysis is based on 96 365 UK Biobank participants (57% female, mean age 62 years), with information on employment history, tracking CKM incidence (cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney diseases and/or type 2 diabetes) up to 2022. Cox proportional hazards models calculated hazard ratios (HR) adjusted for multiple potential confounders, and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS:With data on 5 967 incident cases, participants with over 20 years of night shift work had a significantly higher risk of CKM (HR=1.32 [95% CI, 1.20-1.45]) compared to day workers, after adjustment for confounders including sex, age, ethnicity, socioeconomic factors. Similarly, risk was higher than day workers among those working 8+ nightshifts per month (HR=1.32 [95% CI, 1.21-1.43]) and over 1200 lifetime nightshifts (HR=1.36 [95% CI, 1.25-1.48]); all Ptrend<0.001. The association between nightshift work and CKM risk was significantly modified by sleep duration, with higher risks among short sleepers (≤6 hours) (Pinteraction= 0.009, 0.031, and 0.017, respectively, for nightwork duration, intensity, and cumulative number of nights worked), but not by chronotype. CONCLUSION:Our findings reveal a dose-response relationship between night shift work and CKM disease, further amplified by short sleep. Future research should continue to adopt CKM conditions as a composite outcome and investigate further how sleep characteristics may modify the impact of night shift work.

High cholesterol has been linked to the risk of several cancers, including bladder cancer. Previous research is not consistent as to whether statin medications, which reduce cholesterol levels and have other anti-tumor effects, impact bladder cancer risk. We explored this question in a large prospective cohort study of men, for whom bladder cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer incidence in the United States. Our analysis included 44, 116 cancer-free participants of the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study, who were followed for bladder cancer incidence from 1990 through 2018. Statin use was self-reported and updated every two years on questionnaires. Bladder cancer diagnosis was validated with medical or death records. We used multivariable Cox regression to investigate the association between statin use (ever, current, former, and never) and duration of statin use (never, less than 4 years, 4-8 years, and 8 or more years) and the risk of overall bladder cancer, bladder cancer by stage at diagnosis (localized, advanced), and fatal bladder cancer. Models estimating hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were adjusted for demographic, medical, and lifestyle confounders. During a median of 13.5 years of follow-up, 1, 248 bladder cancers were documented, including 562 advanced and 143 fatal cancers. By mid-way through follow-up, 34% of men reported statin use. In multivariable models, there was a suggestive increased risk of overall bladder cancer comparing current statin users to former or never users (HR 1.13; 95% CI 1.00-1.27), yet no association was observed for localized, advanced, or fatal cancers. Ever use of statins (including former and current use) was not associated with overall, localized, nor advanced bladder cancer, compared to never use. However, there was a suggestive decreased risk of fatal bladder cancer (HR: 0.77; 95% CI 0.58-1.02) among ever users of statins compared to never use. Long-term statin use of 8 or more years was associated with a lower risk of advanced (HR 0.78; 95% CI 0.60-1.00) and fatal bladder cancer (HR 0.59; 95% CI 0.40-0.88), compared to never use. No association was observed for long-term statin use and overall bladder cancer (HR 0.99; 95% CI 0.85-1.16). Results of this study, which investigated overall and clinical subtypes of bladder cancer incidence, suggest that long-term statin use may be protective against the development of advanced and fatal bladder cancer among men. Together with data from clinical trials supporting benefits of statins, this warrants further investigation into whether statins can be used as a preventive tool. Further research is also needed on the potential mechanism by which statins act in bladder carcinogenesis, particularly advanced forms of the disease. Megan R. Shanahan, LeeAnn Lucas, Colleen B. McGrath, Jane B. Vaselkiv, Chaoran Ma, Mark Preston, Edward Giovannucci, Eva Schernhammer, Lorelei A. Mucci. A prospective study of the association between statin use and the risk of overall and advanced bladder cancer among men [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2025; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2025 Apr 25-30; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2025;85(8_Suppl_1):Abstract nr 4943.

Shift Work Sleep Disorder (SWSD) is a significant and highly prevalent condition affecting up to 48% of individuals with irregular work schedules. The diagnostic criteria for SWSD include persistent insomnia or sleepiness in relation to shift work, not attributable to other disorders or external factors. To explore risk factors of SWSD, we conducted a cross-sectional analysis among 10,787 night shift workers in the UK Biobank. To determine correlates of SWSD using multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models, a preselection of potential risk factors was made on the basis of previous literature. Self-identifying as ‘Asian or Asian British’ or ‘Black or Black British’ (compared to being ‘White’), male sex, and high scores on sociability, warmth and diligence were associated with lower odds for SWSD. We did not find significant associations of chronotype, frequency of alcohol intake, smoking, and time employed in current job with SWSD. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions and workplace policies to mitigate the adverse effects of SWSD. Future research should aim to explore the mechanisms behind these associations and develop strategies to enhance shift work tolerance among night shift workers.

Supplemental Table 3: Associations between baseline body mass index and weight change with percent change (95% confidence intervals) in urinary melatonin levels among controls only in the Multiethnic cohort, overall and by racial/ethnic group