The goal is to study the morphological and molecular features of endometrial receptivity in reproductive-age women with chronic endometritis and infertility and unsuccessful attempts in vitro fertilization (IVF) in anamnesis. Material and methods. The study included 120 reproductive-age women with morphologically verified chronic endometritis: the first group included 64 patients with infertility and unsuccessful IVF attempts in history; in the 2nd group there were 56 women without violation of the fertility; the control group consisted of 30 healthy reproductive-age women, in whom samples of the endometrium were taken in the II phase of the menstrual cycle. A comparative analysis of the morphological and molecular criteria of endometrial receptivity in all study groups was carried out. Results. In patients of the 1st group there was a significant twofold prevalence rate of the average duration of chronic endometritis since the moment of its morphological verification, which led to a critical decrease in the receptivity of the endometrium and the development of infertility has been established in 5.50 ± 0.06 years (p < 0.001). In the first group of patients following morphological features of chronic endometritis were established: the presence of classical signs of inflammation in the mucous membrane of the uterus with an autoimmune component revealed in 90.6% of observations: high expression of CD16, CD20, CD56 and low HLA-DRII (p < 0.001). Morphological criteria of endometrial receptivity disorders in patients with infertility on the background of chronic endometritis were such as the delay in the maturation of the endometrium from the day of the menstrual cycle and a decrease in the number of mature pinopodia in the apical part of the superficial epitheliocytes. Molecular criteria of the infertility in the endometrial receptivity violation include the significant decrease in the expression of steroid ER and PR receptors in glands and stroma, LIF in glands and in the surface of the pinopodia, CLDN4 - in the apical part of the superficial epithelial cells and in the base of the pinopodia (p < 0.001). Conclusion. Chronic endometritis, associated with the infertility, in 90.6% of cases has an autoimmune genesis and is characterized by a long (more than 5 years) course with the development of morphological and molecular criteria of endometrial receptivity disorders.

We have identified risk factors and determined their significance and relative risk in endometrial oncotransformation based on mathematical analysis of clinical and anamnestic data and molecular-biological indicators. The structural, functional and molecular mechanisms of hyperplastic processes of endometrium in premenopausal women were investigated based on a complex immunohistochemical studies. Our study revealed the features of the expression of tumor suppressor gene PTEN and the marker of tight junctions Claudin 3 and the proliferation marker Ki-67 in epithelial and stromal components based on morphological variant of the pathological process of the endometrium.We have performed a comparative analysis of clinical, morphological and molecular biological studies and as a result suggested a new approach to the study of endometrial hyperplastic processes in premenopausal women, that helps to detect women with increased risk of endometrial oncopathology and gives opportunity to perform pathogenetically based approach to therapy.

This paper presents the clinical and morphological variants of adenomyosis, reflecting the clinical features of disease caused by regular features of molecular-biological processes involved in the development of endometriosis disease, which implies a differentiated approach to the treatment of adenomyosis, depending on the variant of the disease.

Detailed clinical and morphological study was undertaken on 101 young patients (age 20-30) diagnosed with Uterine fibrosis (the average patient age was 24,7±1,5 years). From the medical history, integrated clinical and morphological study, immunological analysis it was proved to exist two seldom forms of myomatous nodes at a young age: simplefibroid and invasive fibroid, that prevails. The growth originates in a vessel wall from the progenerating muscle cells with relatively high Ki-67 expression, high expression of growth factors and formation of new micro vessels (СD-34). These muscle cells have a very low apoptosis activity that determines the fast proliferation of cells (invasive fibroid).

A total of 115 pregnant women were examined: 59 patients with opportunistic vulvovaginal infections and 56 without infection. Congenital immunity parameters (TLR-2, NF-κB, and IL-2 receptors in placental tissue) were studied by immunohistochemical methods. Realization of congenital infection was associated with activation of IL-6 receptors and TLR-2 in the placenta and an increase of NF-κB level. These changes seemed to reflect the strained status of congenital immunity and were responsible for the intensity of local inflammatory response.

This paper presents the clinical and morphological variants of adenomyosis, reflecting the clinical features of disease caused by regular features of molecular-biological processes involved in the development of endometriosis disease, which implies a differentiated approach to the treatment of adenomyosis, depending on the variant of the disease.

AIM To develop new criteria of gastric and duodenal mucosa image assessment using endoscopic system for narrow band imaging (NBI). MATERIAL AND METHODS Endoscopic and morphological findings were compared in 460 patients with different chronic diseases of the stomach and duodenum. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy was made according to the standard technique by the gastroduodenoscope EVIS EXERA-II GIF H180 (Olympus, Japan) with NBI-system. Biopsy material was studied by standard pathomorphological techniques. RESULTS The novel system of the visual picture evaluation during conduction of endoscopic investigations in monochromatic light provides higher significance of identification of inflammatory and destructive processes in mucosa including foci of structural alterations, their location and extent. CONCLUSION We propose a protocol for description of the endoscopic picture in conduction of examinations with application of the NBI-system of visualization in monochromatic light. It can help physicians to correctly estimate the image and interpret the detected changes.

The aim of the work was to study the relationship between structural changes in gastric mucosa affected by atrophic gastritis and inflammation associated with Hp infection. Endoscopic examination and NBI-visualization were used to assess distribution and severity of inflammation in 500 patients with different gastric pathologies. Histological material was studied to detect Hp. Structural changes of metaplastic type most frequently occurred in patients with atrophic gastritis (72 of 81, 88.9%), surface and erosive gastritis (13 or 3.5% and 16 or 14.3% respectively), p < 0.001. Hp infection and inflammatory-destructive changes showed no apparent trends. Mucosal changes characteristic of atrophy were only rarely accompanied by marked inflammation (14.8%) and were either mild (21%) or moderately severe (64.2%). It suggests that atrophy of gastric mucosa should be regarded as independent condition while the term atrophic gastritis should be used only in case of association between atrophy and inflammation confirmed by microscopic studies.

The purpose of the investigation was to study the morphological variants and molecular changes of the endothelial component of adenomyosis (AM) concurrent with endometrial adenocarcinoma (EAC). Monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies to ApoCas, Cl 2, 3, and 5, Ki-7, MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, E-cadherin, COX-2, EGFR, and VEGF were used as primary antibodies. The AM foci displayed the following types of epithelial changes: the epithelium corresponding to the proliferation stage; epithelial hyperplasia with and without atypia; atrophic epithelium. There was an increased expression of ApoCas, Ki-67, MMP-2, MMP-9, COX-2, VEGF, and EGFR, which increased from proliferation to hyperplasia with atypia. The maximum expression of the markers was seen in EAC. The foci of AM, which corresponded to epithelial hyperplasia with atypia, were characterized by the oncomarker changes supporting its malignant potential: elevated Ki-67 and EGRF, reduced E-cadherin, changes in MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and claudins-2, -3, and -5.

In the present work data about efficiency of photodynamic therapy with «Thiosens» at the combined treatment gliomae С6 rats by criterion of increase in life expectancy of skilled animals, pathomorphosis are presented of tumour and immunohystochemical to research. The most effective is the combined treatment including removal of tumour, intraoperational photodynamic therapy and the subsequent chemotherapy with lysomustine.

The aim of the study was to evaluate efficiency of a new endoscopic diagnostic tool based on the NBI-technology for the detection of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) content. A total of 294 patients with chronic inflammatory diseases of the stomach and duodenum were examined for the assessment of severity and extent of inflammatory processes. Staining intensity of gastric and duodenal mucosa in the NBI regime was shown to correlate with the degree of inflammation. Gastric metaplastic foci could be visualized due to their deep blue staining. Their distribution was unrelated to Ph occurrence and content. It is concluded that the use of the NBI technology for routine oesogastroduodenoscopy improves visualization of inflammatory changes in gastric and duodenal mucosa.