This paper presents the results of molecular dynamics simulations that were performed to numerically study the laser sintering process and mechanical behavior of 7-Ti/Al bimetallic alloy nanoparticles (NPs). The study systematically investigates the effects of heating rate and sintering temperature on the resultant uniaxial tensile performances of the sintered NPs. A chain model was formed by connecting three pre-equilibrated Ti/Al NPs via necks during solid-state sintering. The solid-state sintered chain samples were heated to 1798 K using four different heating rates (0.04, 0.2, 0.5, and 1.0 K ps(-1)). After high-temperature relaxation of selected sintering temperature cases (e.g. 398 K, 598 K, etc. with a 200 K interval) for 10 ns, the heat sintered chain samples underwent a solidification process with a cooling rate of 0.08 K ps(-1) and maintained at 298 K for an additional 1 ns. The resulting sintered chain products were then subjected to uniaxial tension at a strain rate of 0.0001 ps(-1). The thermodynamic properties and crystallographic deformation were investigated during the sintering and subsequent tension processes. Analysis of the yield strengths obtained from the tension tests revealed a statistically significant correlation between the tensile strength of the sintered NPs and the pre-established sintering temperatures at each temperature. This observation indicates that higher sintering temperatures strengthen the neck connections within the NP-chains, leading to greater tensile strength. The higher sintering temperatures can reinforce the neck during high-temperature relaxation. It is worth noting that the effect of heating rates on mechanical properties was less pronounced when the sintering temperature was constant.

To ensure the success of surface missions and the eventual habitation of the Lunar and Martian surfaces, construction materials for machine components, tools, plumbing, and more must be considered for the long-term supportability of astronauts. The financial burden of launching these materials from Earth is far too great; therefore, in-situ resource utilization (ISRU) technology will be required. The Martian environment contains numerous elements for producing bulk metal components; however, these elements are almost exclusively found as compounds. The use of ionic liquids (ILs) for elemental metal harvesting is being researched by NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) to extract feedstock materials from local regolith and meteorites. Studied at MSFC as a life support system, the Boschprocess produces a byproduct elemental carbon (C) during oxygen (O2) regeneration from metabolic or environmental carbon dioxide (CO2). This study details the refinement of a ductile iron (DI) designed to simulate the combination of IL-harvested iron (IL-Fe) and Bosch C by investigating the effects of Ni and Mn addition on IL-DI properties. Dilatometry was used to evaluate how the properties of the IL-DI might vary when produced in the Martian environment. DIs were cast using commercial elements with C produced via a C formation reactor (C–Fr) at MSFC with microstructural, hardness, and phase diagram analyses completed. Results suggest that the combination of IL-Fe and Bosch C could be a viable means of producing DI alloys in-situ and, with the quantities used here, the use of Ni could be more beneficial to alloy customization than Mn additions for IL-DI alloys.

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVEnergy FocusNEXTWhat Would Battery Manufacturing Look Like on the Moon and Mars?Alexis Maurel*Alexis MaurelDepartment of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, United StatesDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States*[email protected]More by Alexis Maurelhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8245-9621, Ana C. Martinez*Ana C. MartinezDepartment of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, United StatesDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States*[email protected]More by Ana C. Martinez, Donald A. DornbuschDonald A. DornbuschNASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44135, United StatesMore by Donald A. Dornbusch, William H. HuddlestonWilliam H. HuddlestonNASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44135, United StatesMore by William H. Huddlestonhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7537-3029, Myeong-Lok SeolMyeong-Lok SeolNASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94043, United StatesMore by Myeong-Lok Seolhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5724-2244, Christopher R. HenryChristopher R. HenryNASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Alabama 35812, United StatesMore by Christopher R. Henry, Jennifer M. JonesJennifer M. JonesNASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Alabama 35812, United StatesMore by Jennifer M. Jones, Bharat YelamanchiBharat YelamanchiDepartment of Civil, Environmental, and Chemical Engineering, Youngstown State University, Youngstown, Ohio 44555, United StatesMore by Bharat Yelamanchi, Sina Bakhtar ChavariSina Bakhtar ChavariDepartment of Civil, Environmental, and Chemical Engineering, Youngstown State University, Youngstown, Ohio 44555, United StatesMore by Sina Bakhtar Chavari, Jennifer E. EdmunsonJennifer E. EdmunsonNASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Alabama 35812, United StatesMore by Jennifer E. Edmunson, Sreeprasad T. SreenivasanSreeprasad T. SreenivasanDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, United StatesMore by Sreeprasad T. Sreenivasanhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5728-0512, Pedro CortesPedro CortesDepartment of Civil, Environmental, and Chemical Engineering, Youngstown State University, Youngstown, Ohio 44555, United StatesMore by Pedro Cortes, Eric MacDonaldEric MacDonaldDepartment of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, United StatesMore by Eric MacDonald, and Cameroun G. Sherrard*Cameroun G. SherrardNASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Alabama 35812, United States*[email protected]More by Cameroun G. SherrardCite this: ACS Energy Lett. 2023, 8, 2, 1042–1049Publication Date (Web):January 20, 2023Publication History Received2 December 2022Accepted4 January 2023Published online20 January 2023Published inissue 10 February 2023https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsenergylett.2c02743https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.2c02743newsACS PublicationsCopyright © Published 2023 by American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views5678Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (6 MB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:3D printing,Batteries,Electrodes,Materials,Planets Get e-Alerts

As researchers continue to study methods to facilitate long-term missions beyond low-Earth orbit, the ability to manufacture high-quality mechanical and structural components on the Lunar and Martian surfaces remains a crucial piece to the puzzle for a sustained presence. Due to the immense cost of sending supplies to extraterrestrial bodies, in-situ resource utilization (ISRU) methods are critical for the success and feasibility of these habitation missions. Ionic liquids (ILs) are currently being studied at NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) to harvest elemental metals from meteorites and regolith minerals. Additionally, the Bosch process is being explored as a life support system at MSFC for oxygen (O2) regeneration, rendering a byproduct of elemental carbon (C). In this inves-tigation, the viability of casting ductile iron (DI) using IL-sourced iron (IL-Fe) and Bosch C was studied given the range of applications and performance of DI as an as-cast alloy. Ingots were produced using commercial elements to simulate the use of IL-Fe with C sourced from the byproduct C of the Bosch process. Samples were cast and compared to commercially available 65-45-12 DI with phase trans-formation diagrams, microstructures, and hardness. Results showed that IL-sourced elements are a viable source of elemental alloying materials for a range of DI alloys, with some limitations.(c) 2022 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

As the race to colonize Mars continues, the need for energy efficient, low waste manufacturing techniques remains as a major hurdle. Launching building materials from Earth is not feasible logistically or financially; therefore, in-situ resource utilization (ISRU) methods are required to ensure the success and longevity of these Martian colonies. Ionic liquids (ILs) are currently studied at NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) as a means to harvest metallic elements from regolith oxides and meteorites. IL technology provides an energy efficient method to extracting critical manufacturing materials, such as iron (Fe), that can be used for structures, plumbing, and tools. In this study, IL-sourced Fe (IL-Fe) was used as feedstock for laser-based powder bed fusion (PBF-LB) to obtain a baseline of material characteristics for additive manufacturing. Samples were then investigated to determine microstructure, hardness, and chemical composition. IL-Fe showed potential as a feedstock for the production of metallic materials via laser-based additive manufacturing techniques.

Habitat outfitting generally refers to the supplies and equipment (and installation thereof) which provide crew with a livable, safe environment during a mission and enable the performance of mission tasks. Outfitting will be needed on future missions for habitation to provide the crew with a livable and safe environment. Both inflatable softgoods habitats, which are packaged and deployed/inflated at the point of use, and constructed habitats, which may be manufactured using in situ resource-derived materials on a planetary surface, will require more outfitting than traditional habitation approaches using rigid metallic structures (such as the International Space Station), where many elements can launch pre-integrated. For inflatable softgoods habitats, it is anticipated that much of the outfitting would be performed by crew, while in constructed habitation scenarios outfitting may be done by robotic systems as part of precursor missions. This paper provides an overview of future planned habitats and outfitting needs, technology gaps related to outfitting, and current work under NASA’s habitat systems development, in-space manufacturing, and habitat construction portfolios related to this topic.

Concrete materials are a feasible option for construction on the Moon utilizing the in-situ resources. An important part of any concrete material is the proper characterization of the raw materials to inform the mixture design and allow for interpretation of the end properties. Since lunar regolith simulants are the only near-term option for progressing the creation of a concrete material out of the lunar materials, it is important to use multiple simulant manufacturers to gain a well-rounded knowledge. In this study, five different lunar regolith simulants were characterized in detail and the data was used to create geopolymer concrete samples for compressive strength testing and subsequent microstructure analysis. Characterization results were also compared to available Apollo missions’ sample data and discussed in terms of geopolymer lunar concrete. The 28-day compressive strength of the samples varied from 2653 psi to 7809 psi depending on the type of lunar regolith simulant. The lunar regolith simulants proved feasible for such concrete technology but exhibit variability due to their mineralogy, amorphous (glass) content, and particle size and shape distributions.

NASA announced its anticipated dates to send humans to an asteroid in year 2025 and to Mars in 2030s which requires the preparation of habitats on space for human accommodation. Due to the high cost of shipping construction materials to space, it is required to utilize in-situ materials for the development of concrete mixes. In this research, cement matrix using regular portland cement, and stucco will be tried. In addition, martian and lunar regolith will be utilized as aggregate due to their high availability. Utilized aggregates were sieved and grouped into different sizes to find the optimum aggregate size for concrete properties. Research findings proved that smaller regolith particles tend to produce concrete mixes with higher strength due to the improved packing order. The findings of this research present a step forward into producing economic concrete mixes, using local spatial materials for the development of space habitats.

Science of the Moon discusses the present state of knowledge of the Moon, as well as the scientific questions remaining about the Moon’s history and current attributes. This chapter covers events in lunar history, the geology of the Moon, properties and modification of the lunar regolith, the effects of radiation on the lunar surface, volatiles including those in the lunar Permanently Shadowed Regions, as well as the lunar seismic environment and what it indicates about the lunar interior. The chapter also lists instruments that, when deployed on the Moon or utilized in a lunar sample analysis facility in a lunar base, contribute to knowledge of the Moon. Presented within the chapter are unanswered questions regarding cratering on the lunar surface, the transition from bedrock to regolith, lunar tectonism, the crustal structure and composition of the Moon, reserve potential for in situ resources, and the nature of the volatiles on the Moon.

Mission OverviewIn order to assess biosignatures and ancient signs of habitability, the Surface Probe Rover Investigating New Ground (SPRING) Mission will operate the Miniaturized Variable Pressure Scanning Electron Microscope (MVP-SEM) (Edmunson et al., 2016) on the martian surface.The MVP-SEM instrument includes mission configurations which address key NASA objectives.Here we focus on a single, specific mission profile to better develop the engineering and operational requirements: an astrobiological mission to a martian volcanic hot spring deposit, a target that will allow us to meet multiple high-level NASA science goals and leverage the expertise of the proposal team.SPRING would feature compositional mapping capabilities via Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS).SPRING provides the necessary structure for MVP-SEM to map, sample and analyze the materials of Mars for astrobiology, geology, and engineering insight.MVP-SEM enables in-situ nanoimaging with a resolution of 50 nm across a field of view of 0.75 mm.Nanoimaging with SEM is a fundamental laboratory technique to understand the physical and compositional properties of materials.Nominally, SPRING would use a rover to deliver MVP-SEM close to the primary target site.To sample subsurface units, SPRING will deploy an impactor suite, the Mars Surface Probe (MSP), to excavate the target units at depth before the rover lands.Upon landing the rover, SPRING will explore the freshly excavated and associated surface targets.Sampling payload includes detachable Mars Mapping Drones (MMD) to map regional geology and retrieve small samples.The rover will feature cameras for geomorphic mapping, spectrometers for mineral mapping, a robotic arm for sampling and a sample processing station for MVP-SEM.Three science aims are supported: (1) determine if the martian spring deposits have evidence of physical biosignatures; (2) determine the environmental conditions of the ancient spring system and the volcanic history that drove it; and (3) characterize the locale for human exploration and in situ resource use (ISRU).Aims and Rationale Science Aims.SPRING would be driven by three main science aims that were motivated in part by goals outlined in the 2014

View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2021-4072.vid NASA's Artemis Program is a two-phased plan to send American astronauts back to the Moon and to develop the capabilities for long term presence on the lunar surface. In Artemis Phase 1, NASA plans to land the first woman and next man on the Moon by 2024. In Phase 2, NASA and its international partners plan to create the infrastructure necessary to enable a sustained long-term presence on the lunar surface. NASA's Space Technology Mission Directorate (STMD) has formed Lunar Surface Innovation Initiative (LSII), which aims to spur the creation of novel technologies that will be needed for lunar surface exploration and to accelerate the technology readiness of key systems and components. The primary thrust areas of LSII include the following: sustainable power; dust mitigation; in-situ resource utilization (ISRU); surface excavation and construction; and extreme access/extreme environments. NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center has formulated the Moon-to-Mars Planetary Autonomous Construction Technology (MMPACT) project in partnership with other Government organizations, multiple academia, and industry organizations, and with the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and Kennedy Space Center. MMPACT was initiated to address the lunar surface construction thrust area of LSII. The goal of the MMPACT project is to develop, deliver, and demonstrate on-demand capabilities to protect astronauts and create infrastructure on the lunar surface via construction of landing pads, habitats, shelters, roadways, berms and blast shields using lunar regolith-based materials. The ability to excavate, convey, and beneficiate large quantities of lunar regolith for construction materials is key to the successful development of infrastructure at scale. An early projection of lunar regolith materials needed for a 100 foot diameter landing pad was estimated at several hundred tons. Transportation of that quantity of materials, or even binders for the regolith, from Earth would be extremely costly and impractical as Artemis proceeds into Phase 2 with multiple infrastructure elements required on the surface such as the aforementioned landing pads (multiple), roadways, habitats, shelters, storage facilities, etc. While there are multiple constituent materials in lunar regolith that could serve as binder materials for raw regolith such as calcium, sulfur, aluminum, magnesium, and others. the ability to produce these materials in sufficient quantities from the raw regolith will require time. For these reasons, MMPACT is also evaluating directed energy methods, such as microwave sintering, laser sintering, and high temperature methods for melting and sintering regolith. The MMPACT project is leveraging technology derived from NASA's 3D Printed Mars Habitat Centennial Challenge. Space Exploration Architecture, winners of two phases of the design element of the Habitat Challenge, are developing design concepts for lunar infrastructure and ICON, a finalist in the construction element of the Habitat Challenge, is leading the development of the construction hardware. The construction hardware development effort was initiated through a Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) competitive selection in which NASA partnered with the Air Force. Multiple common key functional capabilities for military, commercial and space applications were identified, including dust mitigation, field reparability, remote operations, increased autonomy, etc., and serve as focal areas of the effort. The MMPACT project is comprised of three interrelated elements, hardware and process development; construction feedstock materials development; and microwave structure construction capabilities. These elements are working together to address the multiple challenges of infrastructure construction on the surface of the moon including hardware operation and manufacturing under lunar environmental conditions, long-duration operation of mechanisms and parts, scale of construction activities, and material

The authors are proposing a comprehensive research approach and terminology for providing a framework to utilize an ordinary portland cement (OPC) alternative class of materials for both extraterrestrial habitats and terrestrial 3D construction applications, where sand and clay can replace regolith. Magnesia-based binders (MBBs) have shown a great promise for use in different additive construction (AC) applications due to its superior properties such as high compressive strength, rapid setting time, and excellent durability, in addition to the possibility of harvesting these binders from lunar and Martian regolith. Our primary objective in this research is to prove the concept of utilizing magnesia phosphate cement (MPC) composites with different additives, including boric acid, graphene nanoplatelets (GnP), acetic acid, and potentially Martian and lunar regolith simulants as a potential construction material for the planetary habitation exploration missions. Before adjusting the mix design properties required to meet specific 3D construction printing needs, several aspects must be studied in depth to provide a better understanding of the MPC paste and composite behavior. This work aims to give more insight into the relative physical, mechanical, thermal, and chemical performance of the MPC pastes with varying additions of boric acid. The experimental results show that boric acid can change the phase compositions of the MPC paste and affect its performance. It can improve the initial setting time of the paste and alter the structure of its binding products. Finally, our proposed research creatively utilizes artificial neural networks (ANN) to investigate and subsequently optimize both the MPC pastes and composite formulation for real-time adjusting of 3D printing processes based on the desired material performance criteria.

Ionic liquids (ILs) have been considered as suitable media for the extraction of metals and other elements from the Martian regolith. The complex mineralogy of the Martian regolith and the innumerable possible combinations of cation/anion pairs in available ILs pose challenges to the selection of most effective ILs to extract desired regolith elements. In this work, we utilized molecular dynamics simulations to fundamentally investigate the interactions between three major element oxides in the composition of the Martian regolith simulants, represented as alumina, hematite, and silica, and one basic and one acidic IL, i.e., 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([emim][Ac]) and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([emim][HSO4]), respectively. We used potential of mean force (PMF) calculations to generate the free energy profiles of the cations and anions of both ILs on the oxide surfaces. Additionally, we generated their number density profiles on these surfaces to examine the structural features, including ion layering, at the IL-oxide interfaces. Our results indicate that both ILs have less favorable interactions with the silica surface and, hence, are less stable on it than on the metal oxide surfaces. Between the two ILs, [emim][Ac] shows more favorable energetics than [emim][HSO4] with the hematite surface. However, clear distinction cannot be made between the two ILs regarding their interactions with the alumina surface. Our calculated net interfacial energies of the IL-oxide systems further confirm our findings. The current work provides a general methodology to perform an initial screening of different ILs with respect to their potentials to selectively extract metals and other elements from the Martian regolith.

Moon to Mars Planetary Autonomous Construction Technology’s (MMPACT) Microwave Structure Construction Capability (MSCC) team is developing the ability to prepare the lunar regolith and densify it into glass-ceramic landing pads and horizontal infrastructure. Microwave energy will be utilized to densify the lunar regolith. Some of the concept of operations, simulant and synthetic minerals, site preparation, design, microwave sintering, testing, & ancillary instrument technical challenges were listed. A current status of the MSCC project is also provided.

Element recovery from the Martian regolith using ionic liquids (ILs) is an active area of research within the field of in-situ resource utilization. In this work, we performed a classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulation study to better understand the solvation thermodynamics and structures of potential cationic and anionic species originating from the Martian regolith in two select ILs, i.e., 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([emim][Ac]) and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([emim][HSO4]), at two temperatures of 298.15 and 473.15 K. The studied cationic and anionic species represent the stable ions, i.e., a series of tetra-, tri-, di-, and monovalent cations, as well as several silicate, phosphate, chromate, titanate, and select halide anions, based on the mineral composition of the Martian regolith. We calculated the solvation free energies (SFEs) of these ionic species in the ILs using the free energy perturbation method. Moreover, we investigated the solvation environment of these ionic solutes by generating the relevant radial distribution functions and calculating the running coordination numbers of ILs' anions and cations surrounding the solutes. Overall, the average absolute values of the SFEs for cationic solutes increase with increasing ion valency (charge) and size of the solute at both temperatures. For anionic solutes, a more complex effect of anion molecular size and charge is responsible for the trends observed in the absolute values of the SFEs. For example, we found orthosilicate to be the most soluble anionic species in both ILs. On the other hand, the dichromate anion was found to be essentially insoluble in both ILs. Comparing between the solvation efficiencies of the ILs, [emim][Ac] shows larger negative SFE values than [emim][HSO4] for all cationic solutes at both temperatures. While the temperature effect on the solvation of cationic solutes is mixed, higher temperatures generally favor the dissolution of the anionic solutes in both ILs. Our results provide molecular insights into the solvation thermodynamics of various potential ionic species that may be extracted from the Martian regolith using suitable ILs. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Develop and enable the technologies, materials, and processes required to provide affordable, sustainable on-demand manufacturing, recycling, and repair during Exploration Missions.

NASA's Centennial Challenges program uses prize competitions with the goal of accelerating innovation in the aerospace industry. Competitions in the Centennial Challenges portfolio have previously focused on advancements in space robotics, regolith excavation, bio-printing, astronaut suit design, small satellites, and solar-powered vehicles. NASA's Three Dimensional (3D) Printed Habitat Centennial Challenge represents a partnership between NASA and the non-profit partner: Bradley University, with co-sponsors Caterpillar, Bechtel, Brick and Mortar Ventures, the American Concrete Institute, and the United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) to spur development in automated additive construction technologies. The challenge asks teams to design and construct a scaled and simulated Martian habitat using indigenous materials and large scale 3D automated printing systems. Phase 1 of the competition, held in 2015, was an architectural design competition for habitat concepts that could be 3D printed. Phase 2, completed in 2017, asked teams to develop feedstocks from indigenous materials and hydrocarbon polymer recyclables, and demonstrate automated printing systems to manufacture these feedstocks into test specimens to assess mechanical strength. This paper will discuss the Phase 3 competition, focusing on technology outcomes that can potentially be infused into both terrestrial and planetary construction applications. The Phase 3 competition was divided into two sub-competitions: 1) virtual construction, where teams created a high fidelity building information model (BIM) of their 3D-printed habitat design and 2) the construction competition, which required teams to 3D print a structural foundation and subject materials samples to freeze/thaw testing and impact testing (level 1), produce a habitat element and complete a hydrostatic test (level 2), and additively manufacture a 1:3 scale habitat onsite in a head to head competition at Caterpillar, inc.'s Edwards Demonstration & Learning Center near Peoria, Illinois over the course of three days (level 3). While the Phase 2 competition focused primarily on the development of novel feedstocks and robotic printing systems, Phase 3 emphasized the scale-up of these systems and autonomous operation (demonstrating the capability to operate systems on precursor missions prior to the arrival of crew, or terrestrially in field operation settings where human tending of a manufacturing system may be limited). The Phase 3 virtual construction levels yielded a number of novel habitat designs, including both modular habitats and vertically-oriented habitat concepts. The Phase 3 construction competition also challenged teams to autonomously place penetrations and interfacing elements in additively manufactured structures. The paper will emphasize potential applications for the new materials and technologies developed under the umbrella of the competition within NASA's portfolio and in Earth-based applications such as disaster response and infrastructure improvement.