Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) is a prominent medicinal and aromatic plant extensively utilized in spice and essential oil production. However, the cumin pomace remaining after essential oil extraction is often treated as a low-value byproduct or waste. This study aimed to determine the functional properties of cumin pomace, a low-value byproduct or waste remaining after essential oil extraction, including its bioactive compounds, minerals, and antioxidant activity, and to identify its potential as a value-added secondary raw material by comparing it with cumin seeds. Cumin seeds were subjected to hydrodistillation for essential oil extraction, and the resulting pomace was used for further analysis. Extracts were prepared from both seeds and pomace using 70% ethanol, and extract yields were calculated. Antioxidant activity was determined using the DPPH radical scavenging assay; ICP-OES analyzed mineral content; and GC-MS identified bioactive components. The results indicated that the extract yield from cumin seeds (13.8%) was higher than that from pomace (6.6%). Conversely, the antioxidant activity of the cumin pomace (0.082 mg TE mL⁻¹) was found to be approximately four times higher than that of the seeds (0.020 mg TE mL⁻¹). Although a reduction in mineral content was observed following hydrodistillation, the pomace retained the mineral distribution pattern observed in the seeds. GC-MS analysis revealed that significant bioactive compounds, including isopulegol, ethyl palmitate, cuminalcohol, and linoleic acid ethyl ester, persisted at meaningful levels in the pomace. Furthermore, the partial retention of cuminaldehyde and cuminalcohol-the characteristic aromatic constituents of cumin-demonstrates that this byproduct preserves its aromatic and antioxidant potential. These findings suggest that cumin pomace is not merely a production waste but a valuable raw material with significant potential for upcycling in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries.

In the context of bean production, the insidious presence of Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. phaseolicola (Psp) and Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (Xap) is a formidable challenge, exerting significant negative impacts in T & uuml;rkiye. This study aimed to estimate the chlorophyll carotenoid contents and phenolic compounds to determine the effects of pathogen damage on bean pigment contents. Physiological and biochemical changes were observed after bacterial pathogens attacked susceptible and resistant bean plants. Chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoid contents were measured using a spectrophotometer 72 h after pathogen inoculation, and phenolic compounds were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) at 12 and 72 h after Xap and Psp inoculation in susceptible and resistant bean plants. Although the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoids in the leaves of cultivar Aras98 decreased after both pathogen treatments, there was no change in the leaves of the 36K genotype. HPLC revealed the presence of various amounts of phenolic compounds, namely, gallic, catechin, chlorogenic, caffeic, syringic, p-coumaric, rutin, q-coumaric, myricetin, and quercetin. In this study, the intricate ways in which pathogens influence metabolic processes within bean leaf tissue were investigated, with a focus on the resilient 36K and susceptible Aras98 genotypes. The insights obtained from our research are useful not only for our understanding of plant-pathogen interactions but also as a foundational cornerstone for future endeavors in molecular pathological breeding. These findings provide guidance, illuminating pathways for the cultivation of robust, disease-resistant bean varieties.

Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is an important legume crop cultivated worldwide, and its productivity is significantly limited by bacterial blight caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. pisi (Psp), a seed-borne pathogen responsible for severe yield losses. Despite its significance, resistant cultivars remain unavailable, necessitating systematic screening of pea germplasm to identify resistance sources for breeding. This study evaluated 22 pea lines (12 pure lines and 10 registered cultivars) under controlled greenhouse conditions for their response to Psp. The result showed that Melrose exhibited extreme susceptibility (score 5.0, 100

Anthracnose (Ascochyta rabiei Labr.) disease, which causes significant economic damage in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivation, is widespread in Türkiye, particularly in Central Anatolia. Literature studies suggest that Lathyrus species can serve as a valuable source of tolerance against this disease. Since conventional hybridization between chickpea and grass pea species has been unsuccessful, this study aimed to determine the success of protoplast fusion as a cellular hybridization method. Four different chickpea cultivars (Azkan, Aksu, Göktürk, and Bahadır) and three Lathyrus genotypes (L. cicera, L. sativus (B), and L. sativus (S)) were germinated under in vitro conditions. Protoplast yield was evaluated using different explant sources, including radicle, plumule, and radicle + plumule. The highest protoplast yield was obtained from L. cicera × Göktürk chickpea hybrid (25 × 10⁵ protoplast g⁻¹), while the lowest yield was recorded in L. sativus (S) × Aksu chickpea hybrid (2.5 × 10⁵ protoplast g⁻¹). Among explant sources, the highest protoplast yield was found in radicle + plumule combinations (23.8 × 10⁵ protoplast g⁻¹), whereas the lowest was in radicle explants (2.5 × 10⁵ protoplast g⁻¹). These results suggest that radicle + plumule explant sources enhance protoplast fusion efficiency and increase the probability of obtaining heterokaryons with desired characteristics.

Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is a valuable legume species used in human and animal nutrition due to its rich protein, carbohydrate, vitamin, and mineral content. However, its adaptation to dry and warm climates is limited, necessitating early spring sowing to ensure successful growth and yield. Therefore, the development of cold-tolerant cultivars has become a key objective in pea breeding programs, particularly to enhance adaptability and stability in temperate regions. Molecular marker-based analyses provide a complementary approach to traditional selection methods, offering insights into genetic diversity and parental relationships that are critical for effective hybridization strategies. In the present study, genetic relationships among 32 pea genotypes, including advanced lines, hybrids, and registered varieties, were assessed using 19 Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers. A total of 88 scorable bands were obtained, with polymorphism levels ranging from 20% to 100%. The mean polymorphism rate across markers was 67%, while the average resolving power ranged from 0.09 to 0.88. Genetic similarity coefficients among genotypes ranged from 0.60 to 0.93. Most hybrids were found to cluster more closely with their cold-tolerant parental lines, suggesting successful introgression of desired traits. The clustering analysis further confirmed the presence of sufficient genetic variability to support ongoing selection and recombination within the breeding program. Overall, the findings highlight the utility of ISSR markers as a reliable tool for assessing genetic diversity and informing the selection of elite lines in pea breeding. The integration of molecular data with morphological and phenological evaluations can significantly accelerate the development of high-yielding, cold-tolerant pea cultivars adapted to early spring sowing conditions.

Protein and minerals are essential for human health, yet deficiencies persist worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the genetic variability and heritability of protein and mineral contents in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) through a full-diallel hybridization experiment involving five dwarf cowpea cultivars. The experiment was conducted under controlled greenhouse conditions, assessing protein content (PC) and key mineral concentrations, including phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), sulfur (S), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn), in both parental lines and their hybrids. The variance analysis results indicate significant genetic variability (p < 0.01) among the cowpea genotypes for PC and mineral composition. The highest PC was observed in the “Ülkem × Amazon” and “Ülkem × Karagöz” hybrids (24.45

Beans are a vital plant-based protein, containing essential minerals that are necessary for human health. Their protein and mineral compositions vary due to factors including cultivar or variety, growth conditions, and processing methods. Global deficiencies in protein and minerals necessitate fortification, supplementation, and dietary diversification. The present study focuses on common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) cultivars, aiming to understand their genetic variation and inheritance of protein and mineral contents. Five dwarf common bean cultivars (Lida, Beyzade, Ribera, Albeni, and Garrafol) were used in a full-diallel hybridization method and the experiment was conducted in Konya, T & uuml;rkiye. The diallel analysis assessed both general and specific combining abilities, providing insights into trait inheritance. The results revealed that significant genetic variation occurred among protein and mineral contents. The protein content varied according to the parental cultivars and F1 hybrids. Garrafol had protein content of 28.79%, Lida 28.49%, Beyzade 27.59%, Ribera 23.47%, and Albeni 27.34%. Among the F1 hybrids, Lida x Ribera had the highest protein content at 30.47%, while Albeni x Beyzade had the lowest at 24.55%. General combining ability (GCA) analysis revealed that Garrafol and Lida had significant positive values for protein ratio. However, Beyzade, Albeni, and Ribera had significant negative GCA values for protein ratio. The F1 hybrids displayed a wide range of heterosis values for various nutrient contents, with notable extremes such as -36.78% to 82.24% for Mg content and -37.43% to 39.70% for Fe content. The study identified cultivars with positive GCA for protein, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, manganese, sulfur, iron, and zinc. Garrafol, Lida, and Ribera hold promise for future breeding programs to enhance the nutritional traits of dwarf common beans. This research enhances the understanding of genetic factors influencing nutritional traits in dwarf common beans, contributing to future developments in bean breeding and nutrition.

Green beans are a legume used in human diets throughout the world. One of the most important factors limiting the yield of bean crops in the world is high lime. Two registered varieties (Beyzade and Lida) resistant to high lime and three commercial varieties (Ribera, Albeni, and Garrafol) which are superior in terms of some agricultural characteristics were used as materials. In this study, 20 F1 1 hybrid combinations were obtained from green bean varieties Beyzade, Lida, Riberia, Albeni, and Garrafol using full diallel crosses. The effects of GCA and SCA on the traits examined in the study were found to be important and the most suitable parent and cross combinations for green bean breeding were identified. The study found that additive genes can effectively inherit grain yield and plant height, while non-additive genes can effectively inherit other traits studied. Garrafol had the highest GCA for grain yield. The "Lida x Garrafol" cross exhibited high SCA effects for seed yield per plant. These results indicate that sufficient levels of genetic variation exist in the study population for the agricultural traits observed in this study.

Cowpea is an essential economic crop in underdeveloped and developing countries mainly grown by small farmers. In terms of seed yield and some agricultural characteristics, this study was carried out to determine the genetic structures and the general and specific adaptability of the genotypes. The trial, which included F1 hybrids and parents, was established under Konya ecological conditions with 3 replications in 2020 in the "Random Blocks Trial" design. Based on the results of the preliminary analysis of variance, it was determined that there was sufficient variation in the hybrid populations formed in terms of all traits examined. Nonadditive and dominant genes were found to be important in all traits examined. In the study, general adaptability was found to be important for the other traits examined, except the seed number per pod, seed number per plant, seed yield per plant, and protein yield per plant, and the effects of special adaptability were significant for all traits examined. Considering their general combining abilities, it was found that Ülkem, Sırma, and Pekşen cultivars should be used as rootstocks in breeding programs aimed at increasing yield and Pekşen and Ülkem cultivars in breeding programs to increase protein levels. When the specific combining abilities, heterosis and heterobeltiosis values are evaluated together, the hybrid combinations "Pekşen × Sırma", "Ülkem × Pekşen" and "Karagöz × Sırma" with the best performance in terms of, seed yield per plant and "Pekşen × Amazon", "Sırma × Pekşen", "Sırma × Karagöz" and "Ülkem × Pekşen" with the most outstanding give better performance in terms of protein ratio were found to be promising.

Winter forage pea is a plant that grows in cold climates and is a valuable source of protein for animal feed. In this study, 13 pure forage pea lines (PS3057M1, PS3057M2, PS3073G1, PS3073G2, PS3073G3, PS4028H1, PS4028H2, PS4028H3, PS4028H4, PS4053M1, PS4053M2, PS4053M3 and PS4053M4) and Emirbey and Şahin varieties were used as material. The research was conducted at Selçuk University Prof. Dr. Abdülkadir AKCİN Research and Application Station in the trial fields during the 2020-21 and 2021-22 plant growth periods without irrigation. The trials were established in both years according to randomized block design with 3 replications. Meteorological data indicated that despite variations in the lowest temperatures between the two years, all pea lines remained undamaged. This highlighted the adaptability of forage pea lines to the region's winter conditions, which is consistent with previous studies. Statistically significant differences were determined between the two years of the study in terms of all traits analyzed in the research. Higher values were recorded in the second year for all traits. The main reason for these differences is the precipitation and temperatures in the spring months, which is the period when the plants grow actively. Again, significant statistical differences were determined between the lines in all the traits analyzed in the study. This shows us that genetic traits and environmental conditions are important in determining the traits analyzed in this study. The forage pea lines used in the study performed better than the standard varieties in terms of seed and biological yield. In conclusion, this research shows that newly developed winter forage pea lines can be successfully grown in the Konya region and these lines have important genetic and environmental effects on various yield parameters.

Five dry beans (Kinali, Alberto, Great, Goynuk and ozmen) were selected for high calcareous soils tolerance and used as parents in a full diallel method in 2019. F1 and its parents were grown in the experimental field of the Faculty of Agriculture of Selcuk University with high lime content in 2020 with three replications. Variations for seed yield and its component maintenance were detected between parents and F hybrids grown on high calcareous soils, and some crosses were found to outperform their parents. Significant general combination ability (GCA) and special combination ability (SCA) were observed for seed yield per plant and components including plant height, pods per plant, seeds per pod, seeds per plant, hundred seed weight, protein ratio and protein yield per plant. While non-additive gene effects were effective in plant height, pod height, number of seeds per pod, seed yield per plant, protein ratio, and protein yield per plant, it was determined that additive gene effects were effective in other investigated traits. Garrafol was had the highest GCA for seed yield. The "Alberto x Kinali", "ozmen x G Northern 59", "G Northern 59 x ozmen", ozmen x Kinali", "Kinali x Alberto" and "Goynuk x Kinali" crosses exhibited high SCA effects for seed yield per plant. These hybrids are the most promising combination, and it is appropriate to carry out selection processes by evaluating seed yield and yield components together in future generations.

Pea (Pisum sativum L.) plant, a legume species, is used as a vegetable for fresh consumption and frozen, canned or dried and processed and consumed as dry grain. The effects of organic fertilization, which is important for plant nutrition and soil fertility in pea cultivation, on grain yield and some agricultural characteristics were investigated. The experiment was carried out in the experiment field belonging to Selçuk University, Faculty of Agriculture, Prof. Dr. Abdülkadir AKÇİN Research and Application Station in 2021 according to the "Split Plots Experiment in Randomized Blocks" design with 3 replications. In the research, fertilizers were randomly placed in the main plots and varieties were randomly placed in the sub-plots. In the experiment, high yielding 16002, 16011, 16018, 16022 and Ultrello x Rondo genotypes suitable for fresh consumption and registered Betagreen pea variety were used as materials. Grain yield, some agronomic traits, protein yield and protein ratio were analyzed in the study. It was determined that the effects of chemical fertilizer and some organic fertilizer applications on all other traits examined in peas were statistically significant. According to the results of the research, the number of branches in pea plants was 3.18 pieces/plant (control) and 4.13 pieces/plant (chemical fertilizer), plant height was 45.89 cm (sheep manure) and 49.51 cm (chemical fertilizer), the number of pods was 14.31 pieces/plant (control) and 25.90 pieces/plant (chemical fertilizer), the number of grains in pods was 4.90 pieces (control) and 6.64 pieces (chemical fertilizer), the number of grains per plant was 70. 03 (control) to 172.20 (chemical fertilizer), hundred seed weight 29.30 g (control) to 33.22 g (chemical fertilizer), grain yield 128.75 kg da-1 (control) to 300.38 kg da-1 (chemical fertilizer), protein content 22.49% (control) to 23.12% (sheep manure) and protein yield 28.96 kg da-1 (control) to 67.91 kg da-1 (chemical fertilizer). The responses of genotypes to organic fertilizer applications showed differences. As a result, it was determined that organic fertilization in peas gave less grain yield than those grown with chemical fertilization, but protein content had higher values. This showed that organic fertilization is a sustainable and environmentally friendly option for pea cultivation.

Cowpea is an essential economic crop in underdeveloped and developing countries mainly grown by small farmers. The parents and F2 populations obtained for the F1 generation were planted, in 3 rows of 2 m in length, with row spacing of 45 cm, row spacing of 10 cm and in the ecological conditions of Konya in 2021. The 20 F2 populations and 5 parents were evaluated in the 2021 grown season. General combining ability (GCA) effects for various parents differed significantly. “Sırma” gave significant, positive GCA effects for the number of pod per plant, number of seeds per plant, seed yield per plant and protein yield in plant. Significant, positive specific combining ability (SCA) effects were smaller and less significant than GCA effects. The non-additive dominant gene effect was determined for all the traits. Heterosis of the F2 over the high-parent was observed in five F2 populations. In the terms of combining ability for yield, the best parent was “Sırma”. The heterosis for a yield of F2 hybrids resulted mainly from an increased number of seeds per plant, hundred seed weight. These results suggest that high yielding F2 cowpea populations can be developed that may contain acceptable levels of superior agronomic and technological characteristics.

Background: Common bacterial blight (CBB) caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (Xap) has been recorded as one of the most important seed-borne destructive diseases of beans, affecting its production worldwide. Since chemical compounds cause serious damage to natural ecosystems and in some instances fail in controlling CBB, the use of genetically resistant cultivar is the most economically efficient and environmentally friendly measure in the control of CBB disease. The objective of this study was to assess the resistance reactions of widely grown and popular common bean cultivars against Xap under controlled conditions. Methods: In this study, 16 dry bean cultivars comprising eight widely grown dry bean varieties, six improved and promising genotypes and two known CBB susceptible varieties, were evaluated for their reaction to the CBB in a completely randomized design with three replications. The reaction of the bean cultivars to Xap was assessed using disease incidence, disease severity, per cent severity index, the area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) and incubation period. Result: Data analysis indicated that there were highly significant differences (p≤0.01) among common bean cultivars for CBB disease incidence, disease severity, per cent severity index and AUDPC among cultivars. The cultivated varieties Noyanbey and Özmen were identified as resistant cultivars. In addition, SAP6 and BAC6 resistance genes were found in these two cultivars. As a consequence, it was thought that these cultivars could be a potential source of disease resistance for CBB in breeding programs and sustainable, eco-friendly and good agricultural practices.

Dry bean is the third most important pulse crop which is widely adapted and can improve soil fertility in Türkiye. The genetic variability and association studies help in selection which would increase the yield potential of dry bean. The F2 generation and parents (Kınalı, Alberto, Great, Göynük, Özmen) obtained by diallel hybrid method (5 x 5 and 20 combinations were obtained) were sown in the experimental field of Selçuk University Faculty of Agriculture in 2021.In the research, measurement, counting, weighing and analysis of plant height, pod height, number of seeds per plant, number of seeds per pod, seed yield per plant, hundred-seed weight, protein ratio, protein yield in the plant were made. In the F2 generation, the seed yield values in plant of the hybrids are between 23.63 g/plant (Kınalı x Özmen) and 97.45 g/plant (Alberto x Kinalı). Heterosis values of seed yield in plant range from -50.72% (Kınalı x Özmen) to 93.01% (Kınalı x Göynük), heterobeltiosis values varies from -58.92% (Kınalı x Özmen) to 77.26% (Göynuk x Özmen). The protein ratio of the crosses in the F2 generation ranged from 23.05% (Alberto x G Northern 59) to 29.12% (Özmen x Alberto). Heterosis values of protein ratio are between -18.33% (Alberto x G Northern 59) and 7.23% (Özmen x Alberto), heterobeltiosis values are between -22.27% (Alberto x G Northern 59) and 5.82% (Özmen x Alberto). As a result of this research, a sufficient level of genetic variation was determined in the population, considering the agronomic characteristics examined. Determination of suitable parents and hybrids for green bean breeding in terms of sustainability of calcareous soils, agronomic characteristics and inheritance of these parents and hybrids were determined.

This research was conducted to determine the effects of chemical fertilizers, some organic fertilizers, and control applications on seed yield and some agricultural characteristics of fresh beans in 2021. The trial was carried out in the Faculty of Agriculture of the University of Selçuk more precisely in the research and application station of Prof. Dr. Abdülkadir AKÇİN. In the study, pure bean lines PV2001, Riberia, PV2002, and PV2003 developed by hybridization were used as materials in the experiment. Then the seed yield, some agricultural characteristics, and the protein rate were determined. In this study, it was determined that the effects of chemical fertilizers and some organic fertilizer applications on all other traits examined were found to be statistically significant. As a result of the research, it was determined that the height of the bean plant ranged between 39.81 cm (control) and 51.19 cm (cow manure), the number of pods per plant changed between 14.36 (control) and 27.92 per plant (chemical fertilizer), the number of seeds per plant was 53.76 (control) and 127.52 (chemical fertilizer), the seed yield changed between 116.81 kg da-1 (control) and 239.48 kg da-1 (fertilizer chemical), the weight of 100 g of the seeds ranged between 36.632 g (control) and 40.91 g (sheep manure) and the protein content varies between 26.48 % (cow manure) and 27.49 % (control). The reactions of the bean lines used in the study to chemical fertilizers and some organic fertilizer applications showed differences. As a result, when the results obtained in this one-year study were reviewed, it was revealed that cow and sheep manure could be used in the organic cultivation of beans.

Fresh bean is the most important pulse crop which are sold fresh, canned, and frozen. The genetic variability and association studies help in selection which would increase the yield potential of fresh bean. The experiment was conducted using randomized block design in 2021 at Konya with 25 genotypes (5 parents and 20 F2 Population). General and special combination abilities, heterosis and heterobeltiosis values, broad and narrow sense heritability, as well as the relationships between the investigated traits, were determined in the parent and F2 hybrids suitable for the diallel analysis method. It was found that there is an additive gene effect in the inheritance of the seed yield trait, and non-additive gene effect in the inheritance of the protein ratio trait. It was determined that the heritability in the narrow sense was low for the seed yield and protein ratio traits. It was also determined that non-additive gene effects were effective in the inheritance of seed yield and protein ratio traits. In F2 generation, the mean heterosis value determined in terms of seed yield was positive and the mean heterobeltiosis value was negative. As a result of this research, a sufficient level of genetic variation was determined in the population, considering the agronomic characteristics examined. Determination of suitable parents and hybrids for green bean breeding in terms of sustainability of calcareous soils, agronomic characteristics and inheritance of these parents and hybrids were determined.

In this study, in order to determine the resistance of registered lentil varieties to different salt concentrations during germination periods, this study was carried out in 2020 in University of Selçuk Faculty of Agriculture Department of Field Crops Laboratory in 4 replications according to the Randomized Plots Design. Çağıl, Çiftçi, Evirgen, Fırat-87, Kafkas, Özbek, Şakar, Şanlıbey and Tigris varieties were used as materials in the study. The effects of different salt concentrations (0 (control), 30 mM, 60 mM, 90 mM and 120 mM) on germination rate, germination speed, average germination time and sensitivity index were investigated. As a result of the study, it was determined that there were decreases in all the traits examined compared to the control application due to the increase in salt concentrations in all varieties. Especially in 90 and 120 mM NaCl applications, it was determined that the salt tolerance of the varieties decreased. Lentil varieties have been differently affected by salt applications, and the presence of genetic variation between varieties has helped us identify salt-resistant varieties. The varieties most sensitive to salinity were determined as Evirgen and Tigris. When all parameters are evaluated together, Özbek, Çağıl and Şanlıbey varieties have been determined as the best performing genotypes in terms of salt resistance.

In this study, three commercial fresh bean cultivars (SF08/03, Ribera and Java) and two pole-type fresh bean lines (Mor Toparlak and Beyaz Toparlak) were hybridized (20 hybrid combinations) in accordance with full-diallel analysis method in 2016. F 1 generations and parents were grown in fully-automated plant breeding greenhouse of Selcuk University in 2017. Measurements, counts, weightings and analyses were formed to determine plant height, pod length, number of pods per plant, number of seed per pod, number of seed per plant, seed yield, hundred-seed weight, protein ratio and protein yields of the parents and hybrids. For investigated traits, diallel analysis method was employed to determine general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA), heterosis and heterobeltiosis values, broad and narrow sense heritability and correlations among the investigated traits of the parents and hybrids. For seed yield, non-additive gene effects and narrow sense heritability values were low. Heterosis and heterobeltiosis values for seed yield of F 1 generation were positive. As to conclude, proper parents and hybrids to be used in further bean breading programs were identified and their agronomic traits and heredities were determined.

Bezelye insan beslenmesinde protein, vitamin ve mineral madde kaynaklarından birisidir. Bu çalışma, beş bezelye çeşidi (Jofs, Ultrillo, Rondo, Betagreen ve Bolero) ile bunların tam diallel melezlerinin oluşturduğu popülasyonda Jinks – Hayman tipi analiz kullanarak protein oranı ve bazı mineral maddeler bakımından genetik yapısını incelemek amacı ile yürütülmüştür. Bu araştırmada ele alınan kalite kriterleri bakımından incelenen populasyonda genetik olarak yeterli seviyede varyasyonun olduğu belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre popülasyonlarda ele alınan kalite kriterlerinde çevre varyansı (E) ve eklemeli gen varyansı (D) istatistiki olarak önemsiz olduğu belirlenmiştir. Tüm özelliklerin dominant gen varyanslarının eklemeli gen varyanslarından daha yüksek olduğu, buna paralel olarak da D-H1 değerleri ise negatif olarak tespit edilmiştir. İncelenen kalite özelliklerini yöneten genlerin populasyonda dominant genlerin resesif genlerden daha fazla olduğunu belirlenmiştir. Wr, Vr grafikleri sonucu protein oranı ve fosfor miktarı için kısmi dominantlık diğer özelliklerde ise aşırı dominantlık durumu saptanmıştır. Dar anlamda kalıtım derecelerinin tüm özelliklerde düşük olması bu özellikler bakımından yapılacak seleksiyonda başarı şansının düşük olduğunu göstermektedir.