Developing high-performance supercapacitor (SC) electrodes requires materials with optimized electrical conductivity, surface area, and modifiable morphology. This work presents a facile hydrothermal synthesis of carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-supported Al-doped ZnO@CuO composite. Structural characterization reveals that Al doping and CuO incorporation can transform ZnO nanoflakes into nanorod/nanoflower heterostructures. The electrochemical analysis of the ternary composite in a mixed electrolyte, containing 2 M KOH, 0.2 M potassium ferrocyanide (KFC), and 0.2 M potassium iodide (KI) exhibits a specific capacitance of 1860 F/g at 1 mV/s. The fabricated asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) yields an energy density of 36 Wh/kg, a power density of 3502.8 W/ kg at 30 A/g, and 106 % capacitance retention after 5000 continuous charge-discharge cycles. These findings suggest that AZOCC has excellent potential for SC electrodes and demonstrate the feasibility of using KI as an electrolyte support for enhanced electrochemical performance.

The rapid charge-discharge capability, high specific energy, and extended cyclic stability required of super- capacitors (SCs) depend heavily on electrode materials with exceptional electrical conductivity, large surface area, and tunable morphology. In this study, we present a novel approach to enhance the electrochemical capabilities of zinc oxide (ZnO) via gamma- Al 2 O 3 doping. The material's inherent stability, porosity, and large surface area are investigated through appropriate techniques. Results demonstrate that the hydrothermal technique, incorporating gamma- Al 2 O 3 into ZnO can transform ZnO nanoflakes into significantly elongated nanorods. The electrochemical evaluation in a redox-active electrolyte comprising 2 M KOH and 0.2 M potassium ferrocyanide (PFC) reveals a remarkable specific capacity of 267 C/g, at a current density of 3 A/g. The fabricated asymmetric coin cell (ACC) reveals an energy density of 23.52 Wh/kg, a power density of 1.5 kW/kg at 3 A/g, a coulombic efficiency (CE) of 98.9 %, and a capacity retention of 88.9 % after 9000 charge-discharge cycles. These findings highlight the significant potential of gamma- Al 2 O 3-doped ZnO as a superior electrode material for SCs. Moreover, this work underscores the effectiveness of PFC in reducing charge transfer resistance and promoting diffusion- controlled charge storage mechanisms, thereby enhancing the overall electrochemical performance.

Due to growth in human population and upsurge in the energy needs, researchers have concentrating on the development of novel/advanced electrode materials. Batteries and supercapacitors (SCs) are most significant energy storage technologies present in contemporary gadgets like smartphones, medical equipment’s, electronic devices etc. However, in comparison to SCs, batteries have higher energy densities and lower power. To increase the energy density of SCs, researchers are engaging on developing hybrid SCs based on low-cost metal oxides/carbon based composite electrodes. Herein, we apply a hydrothermal approach to synthesize graphene supported iron and manganese oxide composite for SCs for the first time. The crystalline structure, phase purity, surface morphology, chemical bonding states, elemental composition of the synthesized samples were characterized by XRD, TEM, FE-SEM, XPS and EDS analysis. In addition, XAS (XANES and EXAFS) technique is used to examine the local structure of the composite samples. After confirming all the basic characterizations, the SC electrodes were constructed using synthesized samples, exhibiting a maximum specific capacitance of about 410 F/g at 5 mV/s and 800 F/g at 1 mA/cm 2 in an aqueous electrolyte, which is quite higher than that of pristine Fe 2 O 3 , pristine Mn 3 O 4 , and Fe 2 O 3 -Mn 3 O 4 composite electrodes. Furthermore, even after 2,000 cycles, the graphene composite electrode exhibits a capacitance retention of roughly 85% and a coulombic efficiency of nearly 80%. Furthermore, an asymmetric SC device was designed employing graphene composite as the positive electrode and AC as the negative electrode and investigated their performance using CV, GCD, and EIS analyses, These SC device exhibits extraordinary device performance. As a result, the present study provides a new path to fabricate affordable and flexible SC devices for use in real time applications in near future.

Addressing the critical demand for advanced energy storage systems (ESSs) amid escalating global energy needs and population growth, this study pioneers the synthesis of graphene-supported haematite and hausmannite (Gr@Mn3O4@Fe2O3/NF) 3 O 4 @Fe 2 O 3 /NF) ternary composite cathodes. These cathodes are tailored for high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors (ASCs), leveraging an economically viable process of fabrication. This innovation represents a significant leap forward, employing cost-effective techniques without compromising efficiency. Synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) analysis reveals a distinct blend of Fe and Mn valences, confirming the composite's unique structure. Electrochemical assessment underscores the superior capability of the electrodes, registering an unprecedented specific capacitance of 854 F/g in aqueous electrolytes, far surpassing traditional electrodes. Additionally, the composite electrodes maintain 70 % capacitance retention and about 94 % coulombic efficiency under a high current density of 4 A/g. In an ASC configuration, pairing the Gr@Mn3O4@Fe2O3/NF 3 O 4 @Fe 2 O 3 /NF cathode with an anode made of AC, the ASC achieves the highest capacitance of 139 F/ g, an energy density of 156.3 Wh/kg at a power density of 1439 W/kg, coupled with outstanding cyclability in a 1.5 V. This research delineates a scalable pathway for fabricating cost-efficient, high-energy density SCs, heralding a new era of portable electronic devices with enhanced energy storage capabilities.

Due to its impressive electrochemical supercapacitive behavior, low-temperature processed CuO-Ni(OH)2 nanocomposite-based electrode materials have gained much attention. In the present study, a facile, low temperature chemical precipitation technique was employed using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a sur-factant for the synthesis of CuO-Ni(OH)2 nanocomposite. To examine the structure and phase purity of the prepared nanocomposite, XRD is carried out. FT-IR analysis confirms the presence of functional groups related to the bare CuO, and Ni(OH)2, as well as the CuO-Ni(OH)2. The CuO-Ni(OH)2 nanocomposite for-mation and surface chemical properties is examined by FE-SEM, TEM and XPS analyses. The obtained UV result reveals a narrow band gap of-1.47 eV for CuO-Ni(OH)2. In this study, the developed electrodes show a specific capacitance of 151 F g-1 for CuO, 180 F g-1 for Ni(OH)2, and 436 F g-1 for the CuO-Ni(OH)2 electrode, which is two-fold greater than that of pristine sample. Additionally, the CuO-Ni(OH)2 electrode's capacitive and diffusive charge contributions are investigated using Dunn's method, which shows 90.52% of capacitive and 9.48% diffusive contributions at 20 mV s- 1. Charge-discharge profiles reveal a symmetrical and non-linear trend, confirming the electrodes' pseudo-capacitive behavior. Furthermore, after 3000 cycles, the CuO-Ni(OH)2 composite electrode reaches maximum efficiency of-89%. Results demonstrate that the de-veloped CuO-Ni(OH)2 composite proves to be a promising alternative electrode for energy storage devices. Additionally, the synthesized CuO-Ni(OH)2 composite electrode demonstrates a better OER performance (overpotential: 0.396 V at 10 mA cm-2) compared to the reference catalysts. Due to its superior OER and supercapacitive properties, CuO-Ni(OH)2 based composite electrodes are envisaged to be used in next -generation electrochemical energy devices.(c) 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Ternary hybrid electrodes have been spotlighted in the energy storage and conversion domain due to their su-perior physicochemical and electrochemical attributes. Yet, elevating their electrochemical properties remains a challenge. Herein, gamma-iron oxide nano-tablets and nickel hydroxide nano-rods encapsulated graphene sheets (gamma-Fe2O3@Ni(OH)2@G/NF) nanocomposite (NC) electrodes are synthesized, using PVP as a surfactant by a simple, cost-effective and low-temperature synthesis procedure for supercapacitor (SC) and OER applications. These interconnected graphene sheets with gamma-Fe2O3 and Ni(OH)2 are seen to enhance the electrical conductivity of NCs, leading to outstanding supercapacitive performances. The developed NC electrode displays the highest specific capacitance (Csp) of-937.5 F g- 1 in the alkaline electrolyte. Moreover, Dunn's investigations, revealing the surface capacitive controlled contribution (77 %@10 mV s-1), predominates in the total capacitance, thus affirming the capacitor behavior of the electrodes. Using the NC electrode, an asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) is constructed, and exhibits a maximum Csp of-120.3 F g-1 with an outstanding stability performance of 87.3 % capacitance retention. Moreover, the ASC displays an energy density of 22 Wh kg-1 under a power density of 1100 W kg-1. Overall, the results demonstrate that the developed ternary-hybrid composite shows promise as a worthy electrode for future energy demands.

Recently, metal oxides (MOs) have received tremendous interest for flexible energy storage systems: in partic-ular, supercapacitors (SCs). SC electrodes are commonly fabricated via the coating of MOs particles, conductive carbon and binders. However, such electrodes, can weaken the performance of SCs. In this work, binder-free nanocluster Cr-doped NiO thin films are grown on flexible stainless-steel (SS) foils using a one-step co-sputter-ing technique. The distinctive nanocluster structure of Cr-incorporated NiO thin film electrodes (TFEs) has the benefit of reduced ion diffusion length and good charge transport, and can increase the accessibility of ions onto the active surface area. The developed TFEs are examined in 2 M KOH aqueous electrolyte, demonstrating highest areal capacitance of 429 mF cm-2 (251 mC cm-2). Subsequently, an asymmetric coin cell (ACC) SC is assembled. Even after 5,000 cycles, the developed ACC SC demonstrates exceptional cycling stability. Thereafter, the aging test is conducted after 720 h and reveals good electrochemical performance with minimal capacitance fading. Results reveal that Cr-doped NiO TFEs show excellent electrochemical performance with higher areal capacitance and stability compared to NiO and other metal oxide-based TFEs reported previously. The grown Cr-doped NiO binder-free TFEs are good candidates for high-performance and flexible energy storage systems.

Dangerous non-biodegradable compounds are released into the environment due to the increased human population and industrialization. A simple green synthesis approach of novel silver (Ag)-doped copper oxide (CuO) anchored graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets (Ag-CuO@GO) via energy-efficient microwave heating method has been developed for photocatalytic and antimicrobial applications. Tea extract is used as a capping and reducing agent. The prepared Ag-CuO@GO nanocomposites (NCs) used for photocatalytic and antimicrobial activities are investigated systematically. The highly crystalline, wellinterconnected Ag-CuO nanoparticles (NPs) over GO provide an enhanced surface area of 24.1 m2/g and an efficient pore diameter of 15.1 nm with more active sites. A reduced optical bandgap (Eg) of 1.48 eV obtained for the Ag-CuO@GO NCs, less than that of the bare and Ag-CuO, indicates that it can function as an efficient photocatalyst by harvesting solar energy. As demonstrated by the suppressed PL of the ternary Ag-CuO@GO nanocatalysts, additional of Ag and GO can efficiently separate the charge carriers. Ag-CuO@GO exhibited an 89% increase in the dye removal rate of MB dye and high antimicrobial activity against S.aureus, E.coli and Candida albicans that that of bare CuO and binary NCs. The synthesized novel Ag-CuO@GO NCs show promise as potential photocatalysts for the pollutant degradation and antimicrobial activity. (c) 2023 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Supercapacitors are potential energy storage devices with a broad range of applications. In this study, we are investigating a bismuth ferrite/graphitic carbon nitride/N-doped graphene quantum dots composite as an electrode material for supercapacitor applications. XRD patterns of the composite exhibit the different crystalline phases of the individual component and confirm the rhombohedral structure of the composite. The wafer-like structure of bismuth ferrite is produced via hydrothermal technique supported on 2D structures viz. graphitic carbon nitride and N-doped graphene quantum dots. Compared to bismuth ferrite and bismuth ferrite/graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) binary composite, the bismuth ferrite/g-CN/N-doped graphene quantum dots demonstrates a superior specific capacitance of 1472 F g-1 at 1 A g-1 current density. After 3000 charging-discharging cycles, the device maintains its cycling stability with 87% capacitance retention. A supercapacitor device is assembled utilizing bismuth ferrite/graphitic carbon nitride/N-doped graphene quantum dots and activated carbon as electrodes. This device shows a significantly improved performance with an energy density of 53.1 Wh kg-1 and a power density of 705.4 W kg-1. As a result, the composite electrode developed in this study is proved to be a potential electrode material for high-performance energy storage devices.

Increases in the average temperature of the earth's atmosphere, fuel gas emissions from nonrenewable sources of energy, and ecological issues with troubling implications have prompted researchers to look for alternative forms of energy to substitute fossil products with safe and sustainable resources of energy such as solar, wind, and tidal power without and carbon-di-oxide emissions. The production of solar, wind, and tidal energy, however, depends on time and is unequally distributed in space.

Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) have gained considerable attention for use in various applications. This work presents a novel technique for the preparation of homogeniouse Ag NPs and fabricated most efficient supercapacitor (SC) and ultrafast photocatalytic degradation of textile dyes. The particles size was controlled by using sodium borohydride (NaBH4) as a reducing agent and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a stabilizing agent. As a result, highly homogeneous Ag nanoparticles were prepared by the facile chemical method. The crystalline and morphological information and particle size (-10-30 nm) of Ag NPs are determined via XRD, TEM and SEM analyses. The electrochemical performance of the Ag NPs exhibits pseudocapacitive behavior and a high specific capacitance of 396 F/g, achieving 89% of capacitance retention over 3,000 cycles. In addition, the Ag NPs demonstrate excellent performance for photocatalytic degradation of bromophenol blue (BP: -88% efficiency) and fast green (FG: -89% efficiency) dyes, respectively. Results clearly show that Ag NPs can be used for both energy storage as well as photocatalytic applications.

Due to their outstanding power density, long cycle life and low cost, supercapacitors have gained much interest. As for supercapacitor electrodes, molybdenum nitrides show promising potential. Molybdenum nitrides, however, are mainly prepared as nanopowders via a chemical route and require binders for the manufacture of electrodes. Such electrodes can impair the performance of supercapacitors. Herein, binder-free chromium (Cr)-doped molybdenum nitride (Mo 2 N) TFEs having different Cr concentrations are prepared via a reactive co-sputtering technique. The Cr-doped Mo 2 N films prepared have a cubic phase structure of γ-Mo 2 N with a minor shift in the (111) plane. While un-doped Mo 2 N films exhibit a spherical morphology, Cr-doped Mo 2 N films demonstrate a clear pyramid-like surface morphology. The developed Cr-doped Mo 2 N films contain 0–7.9 at.% of Cr in Mo 2 N lattice. A supercapacitor using a Cr-doped Mo 2 N electrode having the highest concentration of Cr reveals maximum areal capacity of 2780 mC/cm 2 , which is much higher than that of an un-doped Mo 2 N electrode (110 mC/cm 2 ). Furthermore, the Cr-doped Mo 2 N electrode demonstrates excellent cycling stability, achieving ~ 94.6% capacity retention for about 2000 cycles. The reactive co-sputtering proves to be a suitable technique for fabrication of binder-free TFEs for high-performance energy storage device applications. Graphical Abstract

ZnSnN2 is a non-toxic and earth-abundant photoabsorber material for flexible photovoltaic devices because of its excellent optoelectronic behavior. However, theoretical studies show that the alkaline-earth metallic (Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, and Fr) dopants in ZnSnN2, particularly lithium (Li), display shallow-acceptor behavior and improve the performance of ZnSnN2 semiconductors. Orthorhombic phase structure with (002) preferred orientation was observed for Li-doped films and the lattice parameters agree well with reported standards. Secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) analysis revealed the incorporation of Li in Li:ZnSnN2 films. XPS, the density of states, and Born effective charge analysis revealed the chemical bonding states of Li-ZnSnN2. In contrast to the pristine n-type ZnSnN2, Li:ZnSnN2 thin films showed conductivity with p-type hole concentrations varying between 1.14 x 1020 -9.47 x 10(19) cm(-3) and the highest mobility of 20.03 cm(2)V(-1)s(-1). Therefore, we obtained p-type conductivity by substituting an organolithium reagent (C4H9Li) on the Zn site, which highlights that Li:ZnSnN2 can be effectively used as the photoanode layer for next-generation thin-film solar cell devices. (C) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Nanomaterials with high purity and functionality are in high demand for diverse applications in the energy and environmental domains, making them an intensively researched issue. The production of novel electro- and photoactive nanomaterials has been profoundly influenced by synthetic routes that make possible the development of surface and crystalline-tuned advanced materials. The significant size and textural tailored properties of materials synthesized through laser interaction with matter have emerged as a promising synthetic technique. The high-power pulsed laser-assisted synthesis of nanomaterials in liquids provides many degrees of parameter control (i.e., pulsed laser power, wavelength, reaction time duration, laser pulse repetition rate, and solvent) and numerous advantages over traditional physical and chemical synthetic methods, such as high purity, no byproducts, simple, nontoxic, and no need for surfactants and reducing agents. We first focused on the fundamental insights into the mechanism of pulsed laser techniques in depth in this paper, taking into account various experimental conditions to accelerate hypotheses that are appropriate for the production of efficient nanomaterials. We focused on the advancement of electro- and photoactive nanomaterials using pulsed laser synthetic technologies, which allowed us to reveal detailed mechanistic and textural properties as well as effective applications in energy and environmental processes. Finally, the challenges and possible future prospects for the emerging field of pulsed laser-based nanomaterials are concisely proposed.

In this present work, a one-step hydrothermal approach was employed for the synthesis of ternary metal sulfides (TMS) for the preparation of high performance electrochemical supercapacitor electrode materials. Powder X-ray diffraction confirmed the formation of rhombohedral structure of NiS, hexagonal structure of the CoS and cubic structure of Ni1-xCoxS. The peaks obtained in the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) also confirmed the formation of NiS, CoS, Ni1-xCoxS (x = 0.1,0.2 & 0.3) compounds. Field emission scanning electron microscopy revealed severe agglomeration and spongy microstructure with decreasing Ni content, while fine distribution of particles with less porosity with low Ni content in Ni1-xCoxS.The electrochemical behaviour of the fabricated Ni0.8Co0.2S electrode exhibited high specific capacitance of 71.92F/g at 5 mV/s in a potential window range from 0.25 to -0.3 V in 0.1 M nonaqueous electrolyte of TEABF4 in acetonitrile (AN) at room temperature. An excellent cycling stability was obtained up to 5,000 cycles with 87% capacitance retention. (c) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the International e-Conference on Advancements in Materials Science and Technology.

Nanorods-like structured ternary metal sulfides of Ni1-xCuxS with various compositions (x = 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3), and binary sulfides of NiS and Cu9S5 were synthesised via a single-step hydrothermal process. The structural properties and the functional groups of the synthesized materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) studies. Surface structure and chemical composition of the samples were inspected using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX). The electrochemical properties of the as-synthesised metal sulfide based electrodes were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) analyses and the maximum specific capacitance (SC) of similar to 1092 F/g was achieved for the Ni-0.8Cu0.2S at a current density of 15 mA/g, while pure NiS and Cu9S5 electrodes showed the minimum SC of similar to 575 and similar to 70 F/g, respectively. Further, the electrochemical impedance studies (EIS) revealed low R-ct value (3.4 omega) for the Ni-0.8Cu0.2S electrode and improved electrochemical supercapacitor properties of Ni-0.8Cu0.2S electrode because of to the synergistic effect and its well crystalline nanorods structure which offers more electrochemical active sites for faradaic reactions and fast electrolyte ions diffusion in to electrode. Additionally, the stability performance of the Ni-0.8Cu0.2S electrode was performed at a fixed current density of 20 mA/g, and the Ni-0.8Cu0.2S sample possesses the good cycling stability with the retention of 80% capacitance after 3000 GCD cycles. These results demonstrate that the as-synthesised binary and ternary metal sulfides are suitable cost effective and pollution free electrode materials for supercapacitors.

Transition metal oxides have attracted a special interest in the applications of energy storage and conversion devices because of their distinctive structural, electronic, and catalytic properties. In the current study, the effect of substrate temperature on binder‐free undoped CuO and Cr‐doped CuO (~4.5 at. %) thin‐film electrodes prepared by radio frequency sputtering technique is reported for supercapacitor applications. X‐ray diffraction studies revealed the formation of undoped CuO and Cr‐doped CuO films with monoclinic structure, while field emission scanning electron microscopy showed a significant change in the shape and size of the grains as a function of the substrate temperature. X‐ray mapping indicated a uniform distribution of the elements present in these films. Substitution of Cr of ~4.5 at. % has not altered the primary monoclinic structure of CuO, but the doped CuO thin‐film electrodes showed an improved conductivity. The electrochemical supercapacitive performance of the thin‐film electrodes was studied using cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic cycling with potential limitation, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques in 1 M KOH. The electrochemical measurements revealed that the thin‐film electrode of Cr‐doped CuO electrode developed at the substrate temperature of 573 K exhibited the highest areal capacitance of 209 mF cm−2 at a scan speed of 10 mV s−1, which is five times higher than that of the pure CuO (38 mF cm−2) thin‐film. Furthermore, the Cr‐doped CuO thin‐film electrode exhibited excellent cycling stability with the capacity retention of 88% for 3000 continuous CV cycles in 1 M KOH. These results suggested that the binder‐free Cr‐doped CuO film electrodes prepared at the substrate temperature of 573 K is an excellent candidate material for the supercapacitor applications.

The need for clean energy production and utilization is urgent and continues to grow due to the serious issues of human population growth and environmental pollution. The energy crisis is driving the demand for novel and innovative materials for the development of alternative energy sources and the fabrication of innovative energy storage devices. Supercapacitors are emerging electrochemical energy devices for future clean energy technologies. Supercapacitors have several distinctive features, such as rapid charging rates, high power densities, long cycle lives, and simple configurations. Thus, supercapacitors can serve as bridges to span the power gap between conventional capacitors and batteries or fuel cells. The current state of supercapacitor research is summarized in this review, and rapid progress in the basic development and practical application of supercapacitors is highlighted. A concise review of the technologies and working mechanisms of different supercapacitors is presented along with recent developments in the application of transition metal sulfide-based materials in electrochemical supercapacitors. Nanostructured transition metal sulfides have gained prominence as advanced electrode materials for an electrochemical supercapacitor due to their outstanding properties. These include good electrical conductivity, high specific capacity, low electronegativity, unique crystal structures, and high redox activity. The electrochemical performance of transition metal sulfides is superior to that of transition metal oxides which is attributed to the replacement of oxygen atoms with sulfur atoms. In this context, special emphasis is placed on nickel, cobalt, molybdenum, tin, manganese, and tungsten metal sulfides and their composites as advanced electrode materials for supercapacitor applications. Finally, the benefits and challenges of using transition metal sulfide-based electrode materials for future clean energy storage are discussed.

Facile synthesis of Mg(OH)(2) nanomaterials using seaweed Turbinaria ornata is reported herein. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis infer that crystal structures of Mg(OH)(2) nanomaterials exhibit hexagonal brucite structure with thickness and lateral dimension around 7.75 run and 16.29nm (measured with Scherrer equation) respectively. FE-SEM images reveal that the flakes like structure were well distributed. Those results showed that easily affordable seaweed for synthesis and stabilization of Mg(OH)(2) nanomaterials in aqueous environments, and no other chemical stabilizers were needed. Anti-mycobacterial activity of Mg(OH)(2) nanomaterials were carried against M. tuberculosis H37Rv by LRP assay and showed 73% RLU reduction.

A simple solid iodination method is used to achieve an efficient p-type cubic gamma-CuI thin film from Cu3N thin film. The crystallinity and crystal structure of gamma-CuI thin films were confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. The maximum specific capacitance of CuI films was found to be 54 mF cm(-2) at scan rate of 10 mV s(-1) with excellent cycling stability. The optoelectronic behaviour was studied using UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy and Hall measurements. These findings suggest that CuI film as a new inexpensive p-type material for third generation solar cells and good electrode for electrochemical energy storage devices. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd.