Background:The aim of this study is to investigate nasal and paranasal signs and symptoms of the primary Sjögren's syndrome patients and compare them with healthy controls.Methodology: Seventy-seven (7 M, 70 F) primary Sjögren's syndome patients and 77 healthy controls were included in the study.Anterior rhinoscopy, nasal endoscopy, 5 component smell discrimination test, nasal clearance analysis with saccharin test and electrorhinomanometer were performed.Results: Nasal crusting was present in 31 and 24 individuals in patient and control groups, respectively.Sinusitis was present in 2 and 1 individuals in patient and control groups, respectively.Nasal polyposis was present in 7 and 1 individuals in patient and control groups, respectively.These differences were not statistically different. Conclusion:Although there were some findings in a few patients, nasal findings were insignificant and mild even in patients with severe oral or ocular findings.Rhinomanometry, nasal clearance determination or smell discrimination tests have very little value in the diagnosis or management of primary Sjögren's syndrome.Nasal polyposis was higher in the patient group, though it did not reach a significant level.Nasal glandular involvement is mild and insignificant in primary Sjögren's syndrome.

Background: The aim of this study is to investigate nasal and paranasal signs and symptoms of the primary Sjogren's syndrome patients and compare them with healthy controls. Methodology: Seventy-seven (7 M, 70 F) primary Sjogren's syndome patients and 77 healthy controls were included in the study. Anterior rhinoscopy, nasal endoscopy, 5 component smell discrimination test, nasal clearance analysis with saccharin test and electrorhinomanometer were performed. Results: Nasal crusting was present in 31 and 24 individuals in patient and Control groups, respectively. Sinusitis was present in 2 and 1 individuals in patient and control groups, respectively. Nasal polyposis was present in 7 and 1 individuals in patient and control groups, respectively.These differences were not statistically different. Conclusion: Although there were some findings in a few patients, nasal findings were insignificant and-mild even in patients with severe oral or ocular findings. Rhinomanometry, nasal clearance determination Or smell discrimination tests have very little value in the diagnosis or management of primary Sjogren's syndrome. Nasal polyposis was higher in the patient group, though it did not reach a significant level. Nasal glandular involvement is mild and insignificant in primary Sjogren's syndrome.

Objectives –  To determine the prevalence of headache in patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) and to examine the relationship between headache types and clinical, serologic features of the disease.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) according to European criteria (1993) and to the US–European Consensus Group (US‐EU) criteria (2002) in adult women in Bornova, Izmir, Turkey. Materials and method: The study was designed as a two‐phase cross‐sectional survey consisting of a baseline questionnaire and collection of blood samples and clinical examination. In the initial phase, positivity for autoantibodies Ro(SS‐A), La(SS‐B), rheumatoid factor (RF), and anti‐nuclear antibodies (ANA) was determined, and in the clinical phase, clinical examination, salivary and ocular tests were performed. Minor salivary gland biopsy was performed for those who had at least three of these five criteria positive. Results: In our sample the prevalence of SS was 1.56% [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.92–2.66] according to the European criteria and 0.72% (95% CI 0.33–1.57) according to the US‐EU criteria. Conclusion: To prevent the loss in diagnosis of pSS, the addition of ANA, RF, and tear break‐up time (BUT) tests to US‐EU criteria would be appropriate.

Objective: The effect of Sjogren syndrome (SS) on perceptual ratings of the laryngeal findings using the Reflux Finding Score (RFS) and the Reflux Symptom Index (RSI) and the objective voice quality using Jitter (JITT), Pitch Period Perturbation Quotient (PPQ), Shimmer (Shim), Amplitude Perturbation Quotient (APQ) and Noise-to-Harmonic Ratio (NHR) was examined.Methods: Seventy-seven patients with SS and seventy-seven healthy individuals for the control group were studied. The Reflux Symptom Index (RSI); nine-item outcomes instrument for assessment of symptoms in patients and the Reflux Finding Score (RFS), eight-item laryngoscopic-based scale for evaluation of laryngeal findings in patients were realised. The Multi Dimensional Voice Program (MDVP) was used for capturing and analysis of the voice samples. For comparison of all parameters of patients and control group subjects, the independent sample t-test was used.Results: The difference of RSI and RFS between patients with SS and control subjects was statistically significant. The difference of voice quality parameters between patients with SS and control subjects expect NHR were statistically significant.Conclusion: There is a significant association between SS and a variety of laryngeal pathologies. The SS patients with reflux symptoms and voice problems must be examined by an ENT specialist and local laryngeal manifestations of SS can be treated symptomatically. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

The deficiency of homogentisic acid oxidase, an enzyme that is mainly found in hepatocytes, is associated with alkaptonuria and ochronosis. We report a patient with clinical and radiologic findings of ochronotic arthropathy in whom alkaptonuria disappeared and the progressive course of the disease stopped after liver transplantation for hepatitis B-related cirrhosis.