Background Multi drug resistance (MDR) in gram negative bacilli (GNB) is an increasing global problem, which is often due to the acquisition of resistance genes from a shared pool. In MDR isolates, integrons-resistant gene cassettes, together with its accessory genetic elements (integrase) may be found in complex conglomerations on plasmids or on the chromosome and are widely acknowledged for their role in conferring MDR phenotype. Hence, the present study was done to evaluate the usefulness of integrase gene PCR as a surrogate marker for MDR in GNB.

Methods A total of 20 isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were isolated from 25 cases of breast abscess from a tertiary hospital during January 2010-October 2010. Isolation was done by culturing the pus sample drained from the abscess with 16 gauge needle. The S. aureus isolates were screened for susceptibility to various antibiotics including cefoxitin, clindamycin, fusidic acid, mupirocin, vancomycin and linezolid. MIC to oxacillin, erythromycin and clindamycin were performed using E-strip method for resistant isolates. Molecular detection of methicillin resistance and Panton-Valentine Leukocidin (PVL) were done by multiplex PCR targeting femA, mecA, and lukS-PV.

Background Antibiotic resistance in S. aureus is one of the major concerns and the rate of MRSA has dramatically increased in recent years. Clindamycin belongs to the MLS group and is used to treat skin and soft tissue infections. Resistance to clindamycin may be inducible (iMLSB) or constitutive (cMLSB) and it is present both in MRSA and MSSA. Treatment failure has been reported both in iMLSB and cMLSB cases. Knowledge on clindamycin resistance is important for its proper use. Hence, the present study was done to detect clindamycin resistance among S. aureus causing skin and ear infections.