蚕豆是青海的地方优势作物之一,也是青海唯一的出口农产品.蚕豆新品种选育的主要途径仍是有性杂交育种,但蚕豆有性杂交中存在的主要问题是杂交结荚率偏低,增大了杂交工作量,并在一定程度上影响了育种成效.本文旨在揭示各种生态因子对蚕豆有性杂交结荚的具体影响,总结其规律,并探讨更有效的杂交技术.

藜麦（Chenopodium quinoa）为藜科（Chenopodiaceae）藜属（Chenopodium）的1年生草本植物,原产于南美洲的安第斯山脉,以其极高的营养价值和多种开发利用价值近年来引起人们的普遍关注。2014年,在青海西宁、乌兰、德令哈和格尔木市进行了适应性种植,长势良好,丰收在望。

The development status of UPOV and international protection system of new plant varieties were introduced. The research status of DUS testing was summarized, which focused on the application of molecular markers. Establishment and development of Chinese new plant variety protection system was expounded, and the situation of application and authorization was analyzed. On this basis, some suggestions were made on how to perfect new plant variety protection and DUS testing in China.

Aromatic plants are plant groups that are liked by all the people,which are medicinal plants and perfume plants.This paper introduces the basic knowledge of aromatic plants and their application prospect of the use situation.

"That foods are the most essential for man",only development agricultural,improving the grain production,speeding up agricultural Sci-Tech innovation,to ensure that sustained and rapid development of economy and kept a foothold in international market.Plant variety right is one of agricultural intellectual property and a form of intellectual property,it has been a very important part of technological innovation system.Understanding the effect,enhanced awareness of job and enhanced level of plant variety protection,which to promote development of the modern seed industry and international agricultural trade,then to speed up technological innovation and the quickened process of modern agricultural development in our province.

This paper introduces the definition of Plant Variety Protection,its development at home and abroad,as well as achievements after Plant Variety Protection was implemented more than 10 years.

本文对植物新品种保护的国内外发展概况、品种权和品种权人、维权和侵权等进行了概述。

Qinghai spring broad bean (Vicia faba L.) is famous for high-yield, good quality and high commodity rate. The dynamics of population development by means of stattistical data of culture technique was analyzed to provide with basis for higher yield and quality of broad bean.

品种保护是维护育种者合法权益的必要途径。青海省育种家由于缺乏品种保护意识和必要的经费,现申请保护的品种数量极少,难以维护育种家的合法权益。本文旨在通过现状查找问题,积极探索青海省新品种保护工作的新思路,推进新品种保护工作健康发展。

介绍了青海湖环湖流域土地沙漠化状况及其对农牧业生产的影响,提出了土地沙漠化综合治理应遵循的原则,指出要在大力推行退耕还林(草)的同时,发展能保护农田、减少农田扬沙、减少土壤水蚀的保护性耕作法。

青海是一个农业小省,由于农民教育年限普遍较低,对新事物、新技术的接受程度较差,技术陈旧,观念落后,加大农民科技培训工作,提高农民科技意识,显得尤为重要,对农民进行科技知识和技术培训是农业科技推广最主要的手段。

简单介绍了农业专家系统的涵义及国内外农业专家系统的发展现状,阐述了农业专家系统的组成及其数据库、知识库、模型库的内容。

<正>"戴韦"是中国农业科学院从法国引进的丰产、优质粮饲兼用型蚕豆新品种,2006年12月通过青海省农作物品种审定委员会审定。

Qinghai Province is located in plateau area with fragile ecology.In order to realize the sustainable utilization and meet the comprehensive demand of social and economical sustainable development,the water resources exploitation and utilization must start from provincial conditions,and follow nature laws and economic laws.

青海柴达木盆地由于特殊的自然生态条件,十分有利于作物高产的发挥,如何充分发挥自然资源优势是创造高产的关键。因而,从西部大开发战略出发,进行高产研究,对开发资源、提高生产力、增加粮食总产量、实施退耕还林(草)工程方面,具有深远的社会意义和经济意义。

1 品种来源 中国农业科学院作物所于1998年从法国引进后,由青海省农林科学院作物所在青海试种而成.原代号Divine,属Vicia faba Var minor 变种.2006 年12月12日青海省第七届农作物品种审定委员会第二次会议审定通过,定名戴韦,品种合格证号为青审豆200601.

以专家系统为代表的智能化系统在信息技术中占有重要地位,尤其是根据我国国情,农业专家系统在指导农民科学种田,实现优质、高产、高效,提高广大农民和基层农业技术人员的科学技术水平,发展可持续农业等方面,将发挥重要作用,对我国农业现代化将做出重要贡献。

青海由于特殊的地理区位条件,往往是春天抗旱,夏秋防汛,冬天抗雪灾,四季与水争斗。解决水资源问题的出路在于:全面推行节约用水,完善生态环境建设,加大水利扶贫实施力度,合理开发和保护水资源,发展高效节水农业、雨水集流解决分散性缺水等。

解决山旱区农村饮水困难的问题,首先要有新的治水思路,以水资源的可持续利用促进社会经济的可持续发展;解决山旱区农村饮水困难对策关键是要加大投资力度和强化水资源保护。

1999年4月23日,我国加入了<国际植物新品种保护公约>(UPOV公约),并颁布实施了<中华人民共和国植物新品种保护条例>.随着社会主义市场经济体制的确立,特别是我国加入WTO后,给我国农业发展带来发展机遇的同时,也对其产生了很大的冲击与挑战.如何把植物新品种保护工作落到实处,切实保护育种者权利,创建我国的农产品品牌参与国际竞争是我们农业科研院所科研工作者不得不思考的问题.