A 1.25Gbit/s burst-mode optical transceiver for Ethernet Passive Optical Network (EPON) system has been developed using a 0.25 /spl mu/m CMOS technology. With new automatic gain control technique and reference-voltage generator, the optical receiver achieved wide dynamic range of 26.3dB with sensitivity of -29.0dBm and overload of -2.7dBm at 1.25Gbit/s burst-mode transmission. Moreover, coming up with a novel automatic power and extinction ratio control method, the optical transmitter successfully suppressed their variations within /spl plusmn/0.4dBm and /spl plusmn/0.6dB respectively in wide temperature range from -40 to 100/spl deg/C.

The authors are engaged in technological endeavors to create a coil at a drastically reduced cost with the aim of making it practical for SMES for power system stabilization. With focus on its novel conductor material and uniquely shaped coil, which were exclusively developed with the target of reducing the cost of the coil, an experimental model coil was devised. It is characterized by a single solenoid coil made of aluminum stabilized NbTi CIC. Experiments such as a rated 9.6 kA current-carrying test and current interrupting test were conducted to examine the performance of the model coil. The test results proved that the SMES model coil would perform as initially designed.

We fabricated a conduction-cooled HTS coil wound with the conductors composed of four Ag-sheathed Bi2223 tapes, which have no insulator, and a CuNi tape coated with polyimide for reinforcement and insulation. Using the HTS coil we measured AC loss and investigated thermal stability of the conduction-cooled HTS coil. The coil is composed of 12 single-pancake coils and impregnated with epoxy resin. The inner diameter of the coil is phi100 mm, the outer diameter is phi190 mm and the height is 90 mm. The HTS coil carried 800 A at 20 K as designed and generated 2.9 T at the central point of the coil. Sinusoidal currents were supplied to the HTS coil at 20-50 K and AC losses were measured using the electrical method. The AC losses per cycle of the FITS coil increased with increasing the frequency of the current, which indicates the coupling losses would generate between Ag-sheathed Bi2223 tapes in addition to the hysteresis losses. Sinusoidal waveform current of 100 A and 1.32 Hz was continuously supplied to the coil in order to investigate the thermal stability of the coil in AC operations. Although the coil generated an AC loss of 125.6 W, the temperature of the coil became stable approximately 200 sec after starting operation, which indicates that Ag-sheathed Bi2223 coils have high thermal stability in AC operations and are suitable for AC applications.

We designed and fabricated a 4 kJ conduction-cooled high-Tc superconducting (HTS) pulse coil. The coil is wound with an interlayer-transposed 6-strand parallel conductor which is composed of Bi-2223 silver alloy-sheathed multi-filamentary wires. We had developed a complete 3.6 MJ/1 MW low-Tc superconducting (LTS) SMES system for testing on a power line at Imajuku substation. Aiming at the feasible operation of SMES applying a HTS coil, we made a SMES system set-up in which HTS coils were serially connected to 3 LTS coils of the SMES. The SMES including the HTS coil was connected to Imajuku substation's power system, to made operational tests of compensation for load fluctuation at the 6 kV power line. The test results lead to the feasibility of the HTS SMES for practical use in future power systems.

We designed and fabricated a 4 kJ conduction-cooled superconducting pulse coil with a 6-strand interlayer-transposed parallel conductor composed of Bi2223 multifilamentary tapes. We adopted the helium gas forced-flow cooling system where the helium gas flowed inside a copper pipe soldered with the flanges of brass. We succeeded in the continuous pulse operation with an amplitude of 500 A-1.6 T at a sweep rate of 140 A/s at 30 K as designed. Even in the ac operation with an ac loss of 120 W, the difference in temperature inside the winding was only 5 K and it was possible to hold the coil temperature around 30 K. In this paper, we report the design and the test results of the coil system from the aspect of ac loss and thermal properties.

We fabricated and tested a cryocooler-cooled high temperature superconducting (HTS) single pancake coil wound with a Bi2223 tape in order to investigate thermal stability of the HTS coil. The inner diameter of the coil is ∅100 mm and the outer diameter is ∅257 mm. The coil is impregnated with epoxy resin and a conduction plate made of aluminum is fixed on the surface of the coil through an AlN plate for insulation. We measured thermal runaway currents at several temperatures. In this paper the thermal stability of the coil is discussed.

The authors have developed a 1 kWh/1 MW module-type SMES system (ESK), linked to the actual power system, that was tested at Imajuku Substation in Fukuoka. The practical use of SMES at field sites requires ensuring its reliability, as well as reducing costs with minimum component set-ups. In order to quantitatively verify its reliability and performance limit, two kinds of tests were conducted on ESK: a long-term and over-load operation. In the long-term operation test, a DC500 triangle waveform up to 1000 A was applied to ESK 10,000 times. Further, the compensation ability for distribution line load fluctuation was observed for three days. The results revealed that ESK functioned adequately and in a stable manner. In the other test, a power output 1.2 times that of the rated output was attained, along with an energy storage capacity 1.44 times the rated value. This allowed us to confirm the over-load operation limit of ESK.

A 22 kV/6.9 kV–1 MVA high-Tc superconducting (HTS) power transformer has been developed as a prototype with single-phase part of a 3 MVA HTS power transformer. The prototype unit is cooled by a continuous subcooled liquid nitrogen (LN2) supply system with cryocoolers. During the field tests, the HTS transformer was connected to a distribution line at Imajuku substation (Kyushu Electric Power Co., Inc.) in Fukuoka, and inrush-current test and a long-term operation test were implemented. The test results demonstrated the HTS power transformer's applicability to a power grid.

A full system of 1 kWh/1 MW module-type SMES (superconducting magnetic energy storage) has been completed at a substation in Fukuoka City. There is a need for a PCS (persistent-current-switch) with a quick response and large current capacity for use with a SMES system. We have investigated a superconducting PCS in a type of transformer which works according to the principle of a current transformer. A 900 A class PCS has already been manufactured. This paper describes experimental results with connecting tests of the PCS to a SMES which consists of two modules, each comprising a converter of 500 kVA and three superconducting pulse coils

We have developed a 22 kV/6.9 kV HTS single-phase transformer cooled by liquid nitrogen for field test, which is a practical model for the single-phase part of a 3 MVA HTS power transformer. First, we numerically simulated electromagnetic, mechanical and thermal conditions of the windings in accidental cases of short-circuit and lightning impulse, and considered the winding structure withstanding the severe loads. We constructed a small-sized model coil of Bi-2223 Ag/Mn-sheathed tapes and confirmed applicability of the design concept for the overcurrent and high-withstand-voltage tests. We designed and constructed a single-phase HTS transformer on the basis of the model-coil-test results. The primary and secondary windings are transposed parallel conductors of two and six Bi-2223 Ag/Mn tapes, respectively. The same tests for the HTS transformer as for usual oil-filled ones indicated the reliable operation and high performance. The field test in a distribution grid of Kyushu Electric Power Co. included in-rush-current test and long-term operation of the transformer cooled by a continuous supply system of subcooled liquid nitrogen with cryocoolers.

PURPOSE: The effects of transcatheter intraarterial infusion of anticancer drugs on the prognosis of cervical cancer were retrospectively studied.MATERIALS AID METHODS: Two or three sessions of transcatheter arterial infusion therapy were performed in 97 patients with primary uterine cervical cancer. The number of patients in stage I, II, III, or TV were 15, 37, 34, and 11, respectively. The drugs infused were cisplatin (60-70 mg/m(2)), doxorubicin hydrochloride (30-40 mg/m2), mitomycin (15 mg/m2), and 5-fluorouracil (500 mg/body). They were infused via the bilateral internal iliac arteries. Seventy-five patients of the 97 (78%) underwent radical hysterectomy after arterial infusion: stage I (14 of 15), stage II (31 of 37), stage III (25 of 34), and stage IV (5 of 11). Three stage II and nine stage III patients received radical radiation therapy. The other 10 patients tone with stage I, three with stage II, and six with stage IV did not receive an operation and radiation therapy after arterial infusion because of their distant metastases at the time of operation. Thirty-eight patients of 75 (51%) received postoperative radiation therapy.RESULTS: The complete histologic response rates (no active cancer cells) after arterial infusion were four of 14, four of 31, six of 25, and one of five for stages I, II, III, and IV. The histologic response rates, which showed no parametrial invasion after arterial infusion, were 12 of 14, 24 of 31, and 15 of 25 for stages I, II, and III. The histologic response rates, which demonstrated no lymph node metastases after arterial infusion, were 12 of 14, 24 of 31, and 19 of 25 for stages I, II, and III. The overall 5-year survival rates of the patients with stages I, II, and III were 93.3%, 58.7%, and 69.7%, respectively. The B-year survival rates of the operated patients with stages I, II, and III were 100%, 60.5%, and 63.6%, respectively. The 5-year survival rates of the irradiated patients with stage III was 87.5%. Leukocytopenia and thrombocytopenia occurred as an acute complication in 75% and 79% of the patients, respectively. As a late complication, ileus occurred in 7%.CONCLUSION: Arterial infusion may improve the prognosis of patients with cervical cancer without increasing the incidence of late complications.

We describe a new robust feedforward filter (FFF) for multi-level decision feedback equalization (MDFE) which has only four poles and one zero. This FFF has low complexity and low power consumption. We evaluate the performance degradation caused by the dispersion of the FFF, With updating the feedback filter (FBF), there is a 0.2-dB loss or less in the required SNR, even though the Qs or pole frequencies are degraded within +/-10%.

Monocrotaline (MCT) administration is known to chronically cause medial thickening in the pulmonary arteriole as well as fibrotic changes in alveolar septum. However, the mechanisms of cell-mediated injury induced by MCT are rarely investigated. The expression of monocyte chemotactic and activating factor/monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCAF/MCP-1), a potent chemoattractant and activator of monocytes, has been reported to be increased in pulmonary fibrosis. We, therefore, investigated the localization of MCAF/MCP-1 protein expression and the role of MCAF/MCP-1 in the pathogenesis of MCT-induced pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary fibrosis in rats.

The SPEXAFS in DyFe2 powder at the Fe K-edge was measured at 20 K and a high quality spectrum was obtained. The DyFe2 alloy has a crystalline structure of a C15 Laves phase and the spin moments of Fe ferrimagnetically couple with those of Dy. The pair distributions reflecting the sign of spin moments were derived for the first time by calculating the F(r) profile as the difference between the absolute value of Fourier transformed (k3)chi(+)(k) and (k3)chi(-)(k). In F(r), a negative peak and positive one were obtained at the position of Fe- (2.37 Angstrom) and Dy-(297 Angstrom) shells, respectively. The results confirm the validity of the present analytical method to obtain the pair distributions with the sign of spin moments. It extends the usefulness of SPEXAFS as a tool to study magnetic structures.

This study deals with the problems to acquire the features of land and sea surface environments from multiple satellite sensor data. The Seto Inland Sea area of Japan characterized with remarkable population increase was selected as an intensive study area. An emphasis was put on environmental parameters such as land cover and surface temperature information from multiple sensor data. A modified maximum likelihood method using the multi-layer classification image was applied to LANDSAT/TM data of two different dates for producing a precise land cover change map of a regional scale. The capability for land cover change detection of NOAA/AVHRR data was investigated using the combined data set of AVHRR and LANDSAT/TM. The discriminative capability of the spectra of AVHRR was evaluated on the basis of the regression analysis between the land cover classes retrieved from TM data and the spectral feature of AVHRR. Fairly good correlation was obtained for the vegetation and non-vegetation class, which suggests a possibility for the detection of the land cover change due to urban development using NOAA/AVHRR data. While sea surface temperature was extracted from MOS-1/VTIR data by applying the split window method. These multiple sensor data were made into environmental data base combined with GIS data which can be effectively utilized for monitoring and assessment of natural environments.

Time-resolved absorption spectra of 2-(2′,4′-dinitrobenzyl)-pyridine (α-DNBP) and 4-(2′,4′-dinitrobenzyl)pyridine (γ-DNBP) in solution have disclosed that three transients are involved in the photochromic reaction of these compounds in the ns-μs time region. Time-resolved resonance Raman spectra of these compounds have identified the transients as the aci-nitro acid isomer, aci-nitro anion, and N-H quinoid tautomer. It was found that there exists a difference between α- and γ-DNBP in the primary process of the photochromic reaction.

We studied the behavior of the oxygen in the YBa 2 Cu 3 O x films using 18 O as a tracer. Pure 18 O 2 gas was introduced into a chamber during deposition. Then it was changed for 16 O 2 gas in the subsequent cooling down process. Though YBCO films absolutely contained only 18 O atoms in their oxygen sites during growth process, almost all 18 O atoms were replaced with 16 O atoms while the films were cooled down; 95% of 18 O atoms were substituted using rf-plasma, and 85% of 18 O atoms without the plasma. It shows that rf-plasma strongly affected the oxygenation of the YBCO films even in the cooling process.

Behavior of oxygen during the deposition process was investigated by an rf magnetron sputtering method with pure Ar gas. Although pure Ar gas was used as a sputtering gas, Y1Ba2Cu3Ox(YBCO) films deposited in the pressure region from 0.2 to 2Pa showed superconductivity. It suggests that sufficient oxygen to form the superconducting structure at a low gas pressure around 1Pa was supplied from the target.

The yield strength and elastic modulus of amorphous Ni78Si10B12 alloys, dispersed with 4–5 μm sized particles of WC, was measured as a function of the volume fraction (Vf). Within experimental error, Young's modulus (Ec) measured by an ultrasonic method, increased linearly with Vf according to the rule of mixtures: Ec = Em (1 − Vf) + EpVf, where Em and Ep are Young's modulus of the matrix and the second phase, respectively. The yield stress (σyc) of the composite, measured in bending, was found to increase linearly with Vf. For Vf = 18.2%, the highest volume fraction investigated, σyc was 2.2 times higher than the yield stress (σym) of the nondispersed matrix material. Experimentally, the ratio of Ec to σyc was found to be independent of Vf and to be approximately 60. Thus, the yield stress, σyc of the dispersed alloy various with volume fraction approximately as: σyc = σym {1 + Vf(Ep/Em − 1)}. The above dependence of the yield stress on Vf corresponds to a rule of mixture in which the yield stress of the second phase must exceed the value of σym(Ep/Em) or about 1000 kg/mm2. Comparison with the experimentally measured value for the compressive yield stress of sintered 3% Co-WC indicate that elastic stresses in excess of 1000 kg/mm2 might be reached in small WC particles.