目的 了解中医院医护人员手卫生依从性现状及影响因素,为制定切实有效的医院感染管理措施提供科学依据.方法 采用现场观察及提问的方法,对全院医护人员手卫生执行情况进行了调查.结果 全院医护人员手卫生执行率为57.19%.诊疗活动前手卫生执行率为51.67%,诊疗活动后手卫生执行率为65.14%.实施干预措施后,全院医护人员手卫生执行率从51.19%提高到77.92%.结论 绵阳市中医院医护人员手卫生依从性较差,需提高医护人员手卫生意识.影响医护人员手卫生依从性的主要因素为医护人员手卫生意识差和工作繁忙.

<正>后勤保障工作是疾病预防控制工作顺利开展的保障,是疾控机构服务于社会,发挥最大社会效益的根本保证,更是防疫应急工作的重要组成部分,是防疫应急队伍能否持续保持战斗力的重要保证,也是能否顺利实现疾病预防控制战略目标的重要保证,其管理水平与服务质量直接关系到疾控机构和应急队

[Objective] To evaluate the quality of sterilization performance about sanitation and epidemic prevention in Mianyang disaster area after Wengchuan megaseism.[Methods] The quality of sterilization about sanitation and epidemic prevention was evaluated in Mianyang earthquake area by retrospective summary method.[Results] 6 760 thousands victims' corpses and carcasses were buried deeply,more than 520 thousands cesspits and 3 510 thousands mosquito breeding place were treated,disinfectant area reached 930 million square meter.Mosquito density reduced from 21.77 per person hour to 1.47,mouche density diminished from 0.73 per square meter to 0.11 and the mouse density decreased from 4.26 per 2 000 meter to 0.24.The qualified rate of drinking water was 97.45%,the qualified rate of spot check in food marketing and school little market was 91.47% and 84.68% respectively,the qualified rate of all kinds of cooking utensils and mess kits was 92.00%.There were 100 870 Aimmugen,46 779 Vaccinum Encephalitidis Epidemicae and 464 400 Flu Vaccine which were inoculated stringently after disaster.The total incidence rate of these four infectious diseases was 310.17 per 100 thousand which were reported from January to December,it reduced 26.72% than that in 2007.The rate of enteric infection,respiratory disease,arthropod borne infectious diseases and zoogenic diseases was 155.70,154.10,0.23 and 0.14 per 100 thousand respectively,which reduced 35.70%,14.37%,58.63% and 29.67% than those in 2007.[Conclusion] The measure for sanitation and epidemic prevention is satisfied and effective,infection disease do not break out in the whole year.

目的了解城区医疗机构一次性使用医疗用品质量,预防和控制医院内感染。方法采用抽样检测的方法,对城区医疗单位使用中的一次性医疗用品进行了抽样监测。结果共抽检一次性使用医疗用品565件,合格率为85.84%。其中无菌医疗用品合格率为89.74%、接触黏膜的医疗用品合格率为74.65%、接触皮肤的医疗用品合格率为74.65%。一次性使用无菌医疗用品的合格率,明显高于接触黏膜与皮肤的医疗用品(P>0.05),后两者间的合格率无显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论城区医疗机构一次性使用医疗用品总体卫生质量不高,尤其是接触皮肤和黏膜的产品合格率较低,需要进一步加强监管。

Objective To summarize the control experience of nosocomial infection in emergency treatment after the 5·12 major earthquake,discuss the effect of sterilization detection and assessment in this rescue course,provide related emergency plan for related disaster in future.Methods The wounded people' infection was controlled well in the early emergency treatment moment.Sterilization,insulation and the application of antibiotics were guided by sterilization's effective of operation materials in the emergency operation room.Results There were any nosocomial infections in these medical institutions which were managed strongly,the people's wound cured well.Conclusion The measure for sanitation and epidemic prerention was timely scientific and effictive.

Objective The silver ion is main antimicrobic ingredients of silver ion skin disinfectant, in order to know its germicidal efficacy and safety. Methods Susprension guantitative germicidal test and animal experiment were used to carry out laboratory observation. Results The silver ion skin disinfectant contained silver ion 20 mg/L with a 15 min contact time killed 100.00% of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, killed 99.94% of Candida albicans. Spray disinfection of volunteer's hands with the disinfection solution for 5 min cuold reduce the natural bacteria on hands by 92.38% in average. The moues acute oral LD50 of the silver ion skin disintectant was5000 mg/kg(bw) which meant that it is practically non-toxic. The irritation index of its disinfection solution to rabbit skin and vaginal mucosa was 0 which meant it is non-irritating. Conclusions The silver ion skin disinfectant have good killing forms of bacteria and fungus. That it belonged to non-toxic substance and did not irritate skin and mucous membrane.

Objective In order to Rnow its physocochemical properties germicidal officaey and toxicity.Methods Carrier qantitative method and animal tast method were used to study its germicidal officacy and toxicity.Results The results showed that the killing rates of Eschenichia coli and Staphyloclccus aureus on clath strips espoxed to Pen-Xiao-Jing solution conlaining available iodine 100mg/L for 5 min and candida albicans on cloth strips exposed to the disinfectant solution containing available iodine 600mg/L for 20min were99.90%.The available iodine content of its solution decreased by 5.76% after stoning at 54℃ for 14 days.The mouse oral LD50 of the disinfectant was5000ms/Kg.So it belongs to non-toxic class.Its accumulation coefficient K was5,So it belongs to weak cumulative toxicity.It was ont irritative to rabbit skin.Both mouse bone marrow micronucleus test and sperm aberration test were negative.Conclusion The compound disinfectant has good germicidal efficacy and toxicity and is stable.

Objective To know the administration and quality of disinfection and sterilization work in various medical institutions of Mianyang City.Mothods The questionnaire survey,on-the-sport sampling and microbiological culture were used.Results The certificate confirmation rate of medical instruments and disinfecting products was 85.98% in the shopping;the regular quality checking rate of disinfection and sterilization work was 14.02%;their staff certificate holding rate in the supply department was 75.86%;the destroying rate of disposable medical supplies after use was 71.96%,the soak disinfection rate after use was 66.82%;the unification callback rate after use was 66.82%;treatment rate as life waste after use was 12.15%.The overall eligibility rate of disintection and sterilization work in the various medical institutions was 88.73%.Conclusion The disinfection administration system was basically healthiness in Mianyang city,but the staff vocational knowledge training rates was lower,the quality of disinfection and sterilization works need further enhancement.

Objective:To seek a practical way of sampling and inspection.Methods:One culture medium with ordinary untirent agar and the other with unturent agar having rabbit blood were used to sedimentation sample and examine the air in a hospital,and was used to compare the result.Results:By using the culture medium with oradinary untirent agar,the overpoof rate of total amount of bacteria was 16.91%.No Staphylococcus aureus and Hemolysis streptococcus were found.By using untirent agar haiving rabbit blood,the rate was 15.44%,five strains of Staphylococcus aureus and one strain of Hemolysis streptococcus was found.There was no noticeable difference in the overpoolf rate of toal amount of bacteria between the two(P>0.05).The average number of the bacterium on the two culture mediums was r≤1 cfu/containe to >/container 5 cfu.There was no noticeable difference in the number of the specimens scattered over each area(P>0.05).The inspection of pathogenic bacteria of the latter was better than the former.Conclusion:The way of using the culture medium with untirent agar having rabbit blood to examine the air in a hospital is better than ordinary untirent agar.

医院消毒效果的监测是评价其消毒方法是否合理,消毒器械运转是否正常,消毒药剂是否有效,消毒效果是否达标的唯一手段.医院消毒卫生标准GB15982-1995和2002年版<消毒技术规范>自实施以来,在执行的实践中也发现一些问题.现对规范中某些监测方法和评价标准提出了自己的观点和建议,以供商榷.

医院消毒与灭菌工作是控制医院内感染工作的重要组成部分.为了解绵阳市各类医疗机构消毒与灭菌工作质量现状,以便采取改进措施,于2003～2004年对各类医疗机构进行了抽样检测.

In order to know the germicidal efficacy of Artemisia extract and its influencing factors, carrier quantitative germicidal test was used to study it. The results showed that the average killing rates of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli exposed to the disinfectant containing Artemisia extract 1 250 mg/ L for 1 min and Candida albicans exposed for 3 min were over 99.90%. Its germicidal efficacy decreased with decreasing the concentration of Artemisia extract. When the bacterial suspension contained 10% calf serum, its germicidal efficacy was infulenced significantly. Its germicidal efficacy was enhanced with rise of temperature and was not decreased after storing in sealed condition in 37℃ thermostat water bath for 3 months. The results indicated that the Artemisia extract has good killing effect on vegetative form of bacteria and the organic substance influences significantly its germicidal efficacy.

为全面了解我市市县级医院的消毒质量状况,更深入地贯彻执行<消毒管理办法>和加强医院消毒卫生管理及改进卫生服务工作提供参考,我中心对辖区内34所市县级直属医院各类环境的空气、物体表面、使用中的消毒液(以下简称消毒液),医护人员手表面(以下简称手表面),高压锅高压灭菌效果(以下简称高压灭菌效果),灭菌物品包(以下简称无菌包),及紫外线灯进行了抽样调查,现将结果报告如下.

1998～1999年，对绵阳市公办与私营托幼机构的物品表面及工作人员手大肠菌群污染进行了检测比较。检测时，用无菌棉拭沾无菌生理盐水，涂抹物品表面100 cm2采样，表面积不足100 cm2者采全部表面，工作人员手采从指根到指尖的内屈面。