With the adoption/diffusion of clean technologies, it is possible to reach most of the required amount of emission reduction to address climate change. In this regard, identifying its variables and understanding the adoption process deeply will help to accelerate clean technology adoption (CTA) and develop effective policies and strategies on clean technologies. The aim of this study is to determine the CTA process through a new model based on the Technology-Organization-Environment Framework (TOE) applied to mineral products industry in Turkey. The results revealed that the CTA is considerably affected by technological and organizational factors but not by external environmental factor. Among these factors, complexity, relative advantage and compatibility of the technology, human resource quality and firm vision are listed as key. In addition, the results showed a difference between CTA levels in terms of technological and organizational factors, and CTA is positively affected by the level of R&D activities of the firm.

Günümüzde gelişen teknolojik gelişmeler sayesinde iletişim sadece ulusal bağlamda değil küresel olarak da çok hızlanmış, çeşitleri artmış ve erişimi kolay hale gelmiştir. Bu çeşitlilik bilimsel alanlarda da kendisini göstermiş ve makaleler, kitaplar veya bazı bilgilere ulaşmak kolaylaşmıştır. Bu gelişimde en önemli etkenlerden biri internet kullanımının yaygınlaşması ve erişim olanaklarının artmasıdır. Bu durum toplumsal bilgi seviyesinin artmasında önemli bir rol oynayabilir. Bununla beraber, internet ortamında herhangi bir bilimsel denetim söz konusu olmadığı için bilgi kirliliği gibi çok ciddi bir soruna yol açması riski de bulunmaktadır. Bu yazının amacı, Türkiye’de özellikle internet ortamında karşılaşılan hatalı jeomorfolojik tanımlamaları ortaya koymak ve bu hataların nereden kaynaklandığı ve nasıl önlenebileceğini tartışmaktır. Ne yazık ki, jeomorfolojik olarak hatalı tanımlamalara sadece internet ortamında değil basın organlarında ve bazen bilimsel yayınlarda da rastlanmaktadır. Bir dizi olarak olarak yayınlanması düşünülen bu serinin ilki Ağrı’daki Meteor Çukuru ile başlayacaktır.

The debate in historical geomorphological studies about the causes of erosion in regions such as the Mediterranean has been long-standing. The relative roles of climate change and human impacts can be difficult to disentangle in the absence of highly resolved chronologies. Here we reconstruct the erosion history of a small lake catchment in central Anatolia, located on the edge of one of the Mediterranean's most iconic badland landscapes in Cappadocia. Because these lake sediments are annually laminated, precisely dating clastic inwash layers and calculating recurrence intervals and flux rates is possible. Lake cores have been analysed for mu XRF elemental geochemistry and via thin sections, along with proxies for hydroclimate (oxygen isotopes) and land cover (pollen). Peaks in titanium, along with other detrital elements, and changes in clastic layers indicate increased sediment influx into Nar Lake between 9300 and 8000 cal BP (ceramic Neolithic, when obsidian mining took place nearby) and again, more importantly, during the last 2500 years (Iron Age to modern), the latter exhibiting three phases of enhanced catchment erosion. Multiproxy comparisons show that these phases were related primarily to periods of increased human impact on vegetation and soils around the lake. Most sediment influx has been in the form of turbidites, linked to the presence of a fan delta at the lake edge, although this store does not appear to have significantly delayed sediment delivery from eroding hilislopes to the lake bed. The marked increase in detrital influx during the late Holocene implies that badland development in the lake catchment is recent and largely anthropogenic, rather than ancient and of climatic causation, and probably involving stream capture. The record also shows that sediment influx diminished markedly at times when human land use disintensified, which in turn indicates that hillslope degradation is reversible with appropriate land management. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Bu makalenin amaci 27 Mart gunu vefat eden Prof. Dr. Ozdogan Sur’un hayatini ve jeomorfolojiye katkilari ile arastirma anilarini aciklamaktir.

Turkish Abstract: Evaporasyon yoluyla oluşan Bor mineralleri Sodyum, Kalsiyum veya Magnezyum içermektedirler. Doğada 150 den fazla Bor minerali olmakla beraber ekonomik öneme sahip olanlarının başlıcaları Tinkal, Kolemanit ve Üleksit’tir. Tarih boyunca kullanılmasına rağmen gelişen teknoloji ile Bor’un önemi daha da artmıştır. Deterjandan silah ve uzay sanayine kadar hemen hemen her alanda kullanılan Bor madeni bakımından Türkiye büyük bir öneme sahiptir. Türkiye dünyadaki en büyük Bor rezervlerine sahip bulunmaktadır. Gerek çıkarılan Bor minerallerinin kalitesi gerekse çıkarma koşullarının uygunluğu nedeniyle Bor, Türkiye için büyük bir ekonomik kaynak özelliği taşımaktadır. Bu makalenin başlıca amacı, Bor’un tanıtılması ve Türkiye için öneminin irdelenmesidir. English Abstract: Boron minerals are contains Sodium, Calcium and Magnesium which they occurred by evaporation. Although there are more than 150 Boron minerals in nature, mainly economical Boron minerals are Tincal, Colemanite and Ulexit. Boron has used in historical ages but it gained more importance by development of technology. Turkey has great importance about Boron which it using in from detergent to weapon and space industry. Turkey has biggest Boron reserves in the world. In addition this, Turkey’s Boron minerals have highest quality and production conditions are more economical from other productive countries. Boron has great importance for Turkey. Main aim of this article is explain of Boron’s features and to emphasis of importance of Boron for Turkey.

Süper volkanlar çok büyük miktarda magmanın püskürtüldüğü süper püskürmeler yapabilen volkanik alanlardır. Bu büyük püskürmelerden geriye çökme sonucu oluşan bir kaldera kalmaktadır. Püskürtülen büyük miktarda materyal dünyada geniş alanları etkilemektedir. Örneğin, Toba volkanının külleri Grönland buzul sondajlarında bulunmuştur. Bu büyük püskürmeler yakın çevrelerine çok büyük zarar verirken küresel boyutta sıcaklık azalmasına neden olmaktadır. Bununla beraber, süper püskürmeden sonra yeterli bir süre geçince verimli topraklar oluşmakta ve çok sayıda sıcak su kaynağı ile jeotermal alan meydana gelmektedir.

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Establishing agricultural activity using pollen analysis is one of the prime challenges of a palaeoecological investigation. Here we report combined pollen and archaeobotanical data originating from a waterlogged off-site organic-rich fill radiocarbon dated to ∼8 ka Cal BP located between the two occupation mounds at Neolithic-Chalcolithic Çatalhöyük, south central Turkey in order to investigate the record of Early Chalcolithic agricultural activity. Pollen results indicate extremely high abundances of Cerealia-type pollen (30->70%) and critical measurements of these show them to be Triticum-type, Avena/Triticum-type, Secale-type and Hordeum-type. Pollen data are also compared with archaeobotanical data retrieved from the same sediment matrix and show high abundances of Triticum and Hordeum grains, awns, spikelet forks and glume bases. Archaeobotanical and pollen data are therefore unequivocal in showing the presence of cereals throughout the period of deposition, and although preservation of archaeobotanical cereal plant remains is typically poor, the presence of glume wheats, including emmer/‘New Type’ wheat and domesticated barley, is consistent with cereal data from on-site excavation deposits at Çatalhöyük. Pollen data also include high occurrences of clusters of Cerealia-type, Chenopodiaceae, Poaceae and Asteraceae and point to local deposition that is best explained as the anthers being deposited at the coring site attached to cereal or other herbaceous waste material. Archaeobotanical data in addition to very high percentage values of individual Cerealia-type pollen grains and clusters of Cerealia-type pollen and other non-arboreal pollen types suggest that the margins of the Çatalhöyük site were probably used for early stage crop processing activities as well as a waste site. Although radiocarbon dating of this organic-rich fill suggests that it was deposited over a very short time period (∼300 years) during the Early Chalcolithic, the data highlight the importance of adopting complementary palynological and archaeobotanical approaches in order to better understand the taphonomy of micro and macrofossil deposits associated with archaeological sites. While more distant, regional pollen sites in south-central Anatolia have difficulty registering Neolithic-Chalcolithic cereal cultivation, this study shows that if a pollen core site is located too close to an archaeological site, then pollen assemblages can be overwhelmed and ‘swamped’ by the products of local cereal processing and the inclusion of domestic waste material thus rendering it difficult to elucidate meaningful data on local agricultural activity.

The aim of this article is to examine the environmental problems that have arisen since the beginning of the establishment of the cities in the history of civilization and to explain to the Habitat Conference in Istanbul which aspects are being discussed.

ABSTRACTIndividual palaeoenvironmental records represent a combination of regional‐scale (e.g. climatic) and site‐specific local factors. Here we compare multiple climate proxies from two nearby maar lake records, assuming that common signals are due to regional‐scale forcing. A new core sequence from Nar Lake in Turkey is dated by varves and U–Th to the last 13.8 ka. Markedly dry periods during the Lateglacial stadial, at 4.3–3.7 and at 3.2–2.6 ka BP, are associated with peaks in Mg/dolomite, positive δ18O, elevated diatom‐inferred electrical conductivity, an absence of laminated sediments and low Quercus/chenopod ratios. Wet phases occurred during the early–mid Holocene and 1.5–0.6 ka BP, characterized by negative δ18O, calcite precipitation, high Ca/Sr ratios, a high percentage of planktonic diatoms, laminated sediments and high Quercus/chenopod ratios. Comparison with the record from nearby Eski Acıgöl shows good overall correspondence for many proxies, especially for δ18O. Differences are related to basin infilling and lake ontogeny at Eski Acıgöl, which consequently fails to register climatic changes during the last 2 ka, and to increased flux of lithogenic elements into Nar Lake during the last 2.6 ka, not primarily climatic in origin. In attempting to separate a regional signal from site‐specific ‘noise’, two lakes may therefore be better than one.

We have used sediments from Nar lake in central Turkey to reconstruct climatic variability over timescales longer than can be obtained from direct meteorological observations. Because the sediments of this lake are annually layered and precisely dated, it has been possible to calibrate sedimentary climate proxies against meteorological records to derive a drought index; this has then been applied to time periods before instrumental data are available. In this study, δ18O from Nar lake carbonates have been used to generate a decadal average P/E index for central Anatolia, which highlights major drought events since 1400 AD.

Palaeo-hydrological interpretations of lake sediment proxies can benefit from a robust understanding of the modern lake environment. In this study, we use Nar Golu, a non-outlet, monomictic maar lake in central Turkey, as a field site for a natural experiment using observations and measurements over a 17-year monitoring period (1997-2014). We compare lake water and sediment trap data to isotopic, chemical and biotic proxies preserved in its varved sediments. Nar Golu underwent a 3 m lake-level fall between 2000 and 2010. delta O-18(lakewater) is correlated with this lake-level fall, responding to the change in water balance. Endogenic carbonate is shown to precipitate in isotopic equilibrium with lake water and there is a strong relationship between delta O-18(lakewater) and delta O-18(carbonare), which suggests the water balance signal is accurately recorded in the sediment isotope record. Over the same period, sedimentary diatom assemblages also responded, and conductivity inferred from diatoms showed a rise. Shifts in carbonate mineralogy and elemental chemistry in the sediment record through this decade were also recorded. Intra-annual changes in delta O-18(lakewater) and lake water chemistry are used to demonstrate the seasonal variability of the system and the influence this may have on the interpretation of delta O-18(carbonate) We use these relationships to help interpret the sedimentary record of changing lake hydrology over the last 1725 years. Nar Golu has provided an opportunity to test critically the chain of connection from present to past, and its sedimentary record offers an archive of decadal- to centennial-scale hydro-climatic change. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Kuresel isinma ve iklim degisikligi kavrami, sanayi devrimden bu yana dunyanin en onemli sorunlarindan biri haline gelmistir. Bu kapsamda yapilan arastirmalar, atmosferik sera gaz konsantrasyonlarinin ozellikle de CO2 konsantrasyonun 1850 yilindan bu yana % 30, ortalama sicaklik degerinin ise 1906 yilindan bu yana 0,74 °C artmis oldugunu gostermektedir. Iklim sistemine yapilan antropojenik mudahaleler sonucu su kaynaklari miktar ve dagiliminin ne sekilde degisecegi icinde bulundugumuz donemin en buyuk sorunlari arasindadir. Bu kapsamda calismada Ankara orneklemi gelecek donem sicaklik ve yagis parametreleri acisindan havza bazli bir degerlendirmede ele alinmistir. Calismanin ana hedefi havza bazinda Ankara ili ana su kaynaklarinin iklim degisikligi cercevesinde ne olcude degisim gosterebileceginin ortaya cikartilmasi ve buna bagli olarak etkin su kaynaklari yonetim modelinde hangi ana su havzasinin yer almasi gerektiginin belirlenmesidir. Bu kapsamda, calisma sonucunda ana su kaynagi olarak Bati Karadeniz Havzasinin dikkate alinabilecegi bulgusuna ulasilmistir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Su, iklim degisikligi, Ankara. Possible Effects of Global Climate Change on Main Water Resources in Ankara Abstract The concept of global warming and climate change has been evaluated as one of the most challenging global issues since the Industrial Revolution. The research conducted in this field has proven that the atmospheric CO2 concentration has increased by % 30 since 1850 and global temperature has increased by 0,74 °C since 1906. One of the biggest trouble in the current period is that effect of distribution and quantity of water resources with Anthropogenic interference on the climate system. In this context, future period of Ankara sampling is discussed an evaluation based on river basins for parameters of temperature and precipitation. In this context, study Ankara sampling is discussed and tried to find main river basin for Ankara and general effects of climate change at all of the river basins that around Ankara. Also determining of which river basin is main water resources of Ankara during the climate change era is another main aim of the study. Depending on the finding results, West Blacksea Water Basin can be taken into account as a main water resource of Ankara. Key Words: Water, climate change, Ankara.

The concept of global warming and climate change has been evaluated as one of the most challenging global issues since the Industrial Revolution. The research conducted in this field has proven that the atmospheric CO2 concentration has increased by % 30 since 1850 and global temperature has increased by 0,74 degrees C since 1906. One of the biggest trouble in the current period is that effect of distribution and quantity of water resources with Anthropogenic interference on the climate system. In this context, future period of Ankara sampling is discussed an evaluation based on river basins for parameters of temperature and precipitation. In this context, study Ankara sampling is discussed and tried to find main river basin for Ankara and general effects of climate change at all of the river basins that around Ankara. Also determining of which river basin is main water resources of Ankara during the climate change era is another main aim of the study. Depending on the finding results, West Blacksea Water Basin can be taken into account as a main water resource of Ankara.