In this study, we investigate the thermodynamic topology of the high-dimensional dyonic AdS black holes with quasitopological electromagnetism in the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet background. We first examine the topological charge connected to the critical point and find that the two conventional critical points CP1, CP2 of the black hole are physical critical points, and the novel critical point CP3 that lacks the capability to minimize the Gibbs free energy (alpha = 0.5). The critical points CP1 and CP2 are observed to occur at the maximum extreme points of temperature in the isobaric curve, while the critical point CP3, emerges at the minimum extreme points of temperature. Furthermore, the number of phases at the novel critical point exhibits an upward trend, followed by a subsequent decline at the conventional critical points. With the increase of the coupling constant (alpha = 1), although the system has three critical points, only the conventional CP1 is a (physical) critical point, and the conventional CP2 serves as the phase annihilation point. This means that the coupling constant alpha has significant impact on the phase structure. Additionally, we regard dyonic AdS black holes as a topological defect within the thermodynamic space, our findings indicate that alterations in pressure can result in the system exhibiting distinct points of generation and annihilation. However, the total topological number of black holes in different dimensions is 1, the system shares a similar topological classification as the charged RN-AdS black holes. The discovery we have made provides a crucial component in understanding the thermodynamic topology of dyonic AdS black holes.

Understanding the link between correlation functions (CFs) of local operators and measurable collider correlators has emerged as a new opportunity in the study of gauge theory dynamics at colliders. While in Conformal Field Theories (CFTs) this connection is established by the light transform, the non-conformal nature of QCD complicates its use beyond the lowest perturbative order. We show that a continuation of the CFs to the Wilson-Fisher fixed point can be used as a method to overcome these obstacles, serving as a conformal bridge for the evaluation of the light transform. At the fixed point, the renormalized CF of four local operators features a variable drop and only depends on two conformal cross ratios, in line with a genuine CFT quantity. This allows us to exploit CFT techniques to perform, for the first time, its light transform at higher loop orders. Remarkably, the resulting collider correlator in four dimensions can be recovered from this result simply by using lower-loop data. We demonstrate this method by computing the back-to-back limit of the charge-charge correlation (QQC) at two loops in QCD through the light transform of the CF of four vector currents in the sequential light-cone limit, reproducing a recent prediction.

Based on the Rényi entropy, Rényi holographic dark energy has been proposed to explain the current accelerated expansion of the universe. In this paper, we analyze holographic inflation and slow-roll inflation within the framework of Rényi holographic dark energy (RHDE) using ACT DR6. Our results show that holographic inflation is ruled out by the data, while slow-roll inflation with power-law potentials for n=12 and n=13 is viable for a suitable choice of N and C. We also analyze the inflationary attractor and confirm its existence. In addition, we compute the primordial power spectrum and find it falls well within the observational bounds. Thus, slow-roll inflation is favored in RHDE, but holographic inflation is not.

In this study, we explore universal thermodynamic topological classes of charged dRGT black string within both the canonical ensemble and grand canonical ensemble frameworks, and further analyze its asymptotic behavior under limiting parameter regimes. We demonstrate that, while the outermost large black string branch remains thermodynamically stable in both ensembles, the innermost small black string branch exhibits distinctly different stability properties: it is stable in the canonical ensemble but becomes thermodynamically unstable in the grand canonical ensemble, corresponding to the W1+ and W0− topological categories, respectively. Furthermore, the local thermodynamic stability of the charged dRGT black string is investigated through the behavior of the heat capacity. These findings demonstrate that the selection of thermodynamic ensemble has a significant influence on the thermodynamic configuration of the charged dRGT black string. In the limit where gravitational effects are neglected, the charge contribution does not modify the underlying topological classification. This implies that the coupling between dRGT massive gravity and the electromagnetic sector is essential for the emergence of nontrivial thermodynamic topology. These results contribute to a deeper understanding of the black string thermodynamics and provide a novel theoretical basis for exploring the basic properties of quantum gravity.

We argue that collider observables such as hadron number flux can be matched onto a linear combination of detectors/light-ray operators in perturbative QCD. The spectrum of detectors in QCD is subtle, due to recombination between the DGLAP and BFKL trajectories. We explain how to define and renormalize these trajectories at one-loop, systematically incorporating their recombination. The leading and subleading soft gluon theorems play an important role, and our analysis suggests the presence of an infinite series of further subleading soft theorems for squared-amplitudes/form factors. Combined with our light-ray matching hypothesis, the anomalous dimensions of recombined DGLAP/BFKL detectors yield a prediction for the energy dependence of the number of particles in a jet, as well as other predictions for more general energy-weighted hadron measurements. We compare these predictions to Monte-Carlo simulations, finding good agreement.

We study the QCD scaling behavior of the small-angle energy-energy correlator (EEC), focusing on the transition between its perturbative preconfinement and nonperturbative postconfinement regimes. Applying the light-ray operator product expansion (OPE), we develop a formalism that describes the scaling of the EEC with the input energy Q in the transition and the postconfinement region, where the latter quantum scaling is determined by the J=5 DGLAP anomalous dimension. A key result of our Letter is a novel connection between the light-ray OPE and the dihadron fragmentation function (DFF), where we show that the nonperturbative OPE coefficients correspond to moments of the DFF. This finding establishes a new paradigm for studying hadronization. Our theoretical predictions are validated against Monte Carlo simulations for both e^{+}e^{-} and pp collisions, showing excellent agreement. The potential role of the quantum scaling in the precision determination of α_{s} is also discussed.

Energy correlators offer a clean probe of quantum chromodynamics, serving as an ideal laboratory to rigorously investigate non-perturbative power corrections. The recent discovery that linear corrections exhibit a universal anomalous scaling points to a deep, underlying theoretical structure. We uncover the quantum field-theoretic origin of this phenomenon in the energy-energy correlator using light-ray operators. Through an explicit loop calculation, we derive the one-loop anomalous dimension, revealing that the dijet operator must be combined with a specific triple-jet component. This provides a first-principles framework that connects operator theory with high-precision collider phenomenology.

Energy correlations characterize the energy flux through detectors at infinity produced in a collision event. Remarkably, in holographic conformal field theories, they probe high-energy gravitational scattering in the dual anti-de Sitter geometry. We use known properties of high-energy gravitational scattering and its unitarization to explore the leading quantum-gravity correction to the energy-energy correlator at strong coupling. We find that it includes a part originating from large impact parameter scattering that is non-analytic in the angle between detectors and is log Nc enhanced compared to the standard 1/Nc perturbative expansion. It is sensitive to the full bulk geometry, including the internal manifold, providing a refined probe of the emergent holographic spacetime. Similarly, scattering at small impact parameters leads to contributions that are further enhanced by extra powers of the ’t Hooft coupling assuming it is corrected by stringy effects. We conclude that energy correlations are sensitive to the UV properties of the dual gravitational theory and thus provide a promising target for the conformal bootstrap.

Based on the fractional entropy originating from fractional quantum mechanics, the fractional holographic dark energy (FHDE) model has been proposed. In this paper, we consider an interaction between the pressureless matter and FHDE and analyze three different interacting FHDE models. Combining the latest observational data including SNIa, OHD, BAO, and CMB, we estimate the model parameters and find that the interaction forms Q=γH ρ_de and Q=βH ρ_m+γH ρ_de show some preference from the observational data. Using phase space analysis, we further find that only interacting FHDE model with Q=βH ρ_m+γH ρ_de can describe the full evolutionary history of the universe. The statefinder diagnostic pair reveals that this model deviates from the ΛCDM model but converges to the ΛCDM fixed point and the de Sitter expansion fixed point in the future. Finally, we analyze the evolution of cosmological parameters and demonstrate that this model can drive the late time acceleration of the universe.

In this work, we investigate a spherically symmetric charged black hole in the presence of a Kalb–Ramond field background. We calculate the photon sphere and shadow radii and, corroborating our results, we constrain them from observational data from the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT), particularly focusing on the shadow images of Sagittarius A^*. Additionally, we analyze the greybody factors, emission rate, and partial absorption cross section. We also examine the topological charge and its application to the deflection angle. Finally, we conduct the analysis of the heat capacity and phase transitions.

Energy-energy correlator (EEC) is an event shape observable that characterizes the distribution of energy flux in collision events. We initiate the study of full-range EEC at hadron colliders, generalizing the extensively studied EEC in e+e− collision as well as the transverse EEC in hadron collisions. We derive celestial blocks from Lorentz symmetry to perform partial wave decomposition of the EEC at hadron colliders. These celestial blocks are essentially conformal blocks on the 2d celestial sphere, which have additional dependence on the collinear spin of “light-ray transition matrix” along the collision axis. In this work, we perform the leading-order (LO) analytic calculation of this observable in pure Yang-Mills theory and use it as an example to illustrate the block decomposition. Numerically, the block expansion demonstrates superior accuracy in the collinear limit compared to conventional power series expansion. Analytically, we observe in this example that the block coefficients exhibit analyticity in both collinear and transverse spin. In addition, we analyze several kinematic limits at LO — collinear, back-to-back, opposite coplanar and Regge limit. While the first three limits naturally generalize their e+e− collision counterparts or transverse EEC and are governed by soft-collinear dynamics, the Regge limit requires complete angular dependence and reveals BFKL physics. Phenomenologically, we propose a realistic experimental setup and briefly discuss how the convolution of parton distribution function modifies the perturbative EEC result. Our work suggests that the full-range EEC at hadron colliders is an elegant observable which probes a broader kinematic space and connects various regimes of different QCD dynamics through a single measurement.

In recent years, energy correlators have emerged as a powerful tool for studying jet substructure, with promising applications such as probing the hadronization transition, analyzing the quark-gluon plasma, and improving the precision of top quark mass measurements. The projected N-point correlator measures correlations between N final-state particles by tracking the largest separation between them, showing a scaling behavior related to DGLAP splitting functions. These correlators can be analytically continued in N, commonly referred to as ν-correlators, allowing access to non-integer moments of the splitting functions. Of particular interest is the ν→0 limit, where the small momentum fraction behavior of the splitting functions requires resummation. Originally, the computational complexity of evaluating ν-correlators for M particles scaled as 22M, making it impractical for real-world analyses. However, by using recursion, we reduce this to M2M, and through the FastEEC method of dynamically resolving subjets, M is replaced by the number of subjets. This breakthrough enables, for the first time, the computation of ν-correlators for LHC data. In practice, limiting the number of subjets to 16 is sufficient to achieve percent-level precision, which we validate using known integer-ν results and convergence tests for non-integer ν. We have implemented this in an update to FastEEC and conducted an initial study of power-law scaling in the perturbative regime as a function of ν, using CMS Open Data on jets. The results agree with DGLAP evolution, except at small ν, where the anomalous dimension saturates to a value that matches the BFKL anomalous dimension.

This study examines the properties of a special regular black hole. This analysis investigates the Hawking temperature, remnant radius and mass, as well as the effect of parameter ξ on thermodynamic quantities like entropy, heat capacity, and free energy. The emission rate, evaporation process, quasi-normal modes by calculating Rosen-Morse potential, and topological behavior of the black hole are also explored.

Renormalization group evolution equations describing the scale dependence of quantities in quantum chromodynamics play a central role in the interpretation of experimental data. Arguably the most important evolution equations for collider physics applications are the Dokshitzer-Gribov-Lipatov-Altarelli-Parisi (DGLAP) equations, which describe the evolution of a quark or gluon fragmenting into hadrons, with only a single hadron identified at a time. In recent years, the study of the correlations of energy flow within jets has come to play a central role at collider experiments, necessitating an understanding of correlations, going beyond the standard DGLAP paradigm. In this paper we derive a general renormalization group equation describing the collinear dynamics that account for correlations in the fragmentation. We compute the kernel of this evolution equation at next-to-leading order, where it involves the 1-* 3 splitting functions, and develop techniques to solve it numerically. We show that our equation encompasses all previously known collinear evolution equations, namely DGLAP and the evolution of multihadron fragmentation functions. As an application of our results, we consider the phenomenologically relevant example of energy flow on charged particles, computing the energy fraction in charged particles in e & thorn;e--* hadrons at next-to-next-to-leading order. Our results are an important step toward improving the understanding of the collinear dynamics of jets, with broad applications in jet substructure, ranging from the study of multihadron correlations, to the description of inclusive (sub)jet production, and the advancement of modern parton showers.

In this study, we develop universal thermodynamic topological classes for the static black holes in the context of the Conformal Killing Gravity. Our findings indicate that the Conformal Killing Gravity significantly reconstructs the thermodynamic properties of both the smallest inner and the largest outer black hole states. Additionally, it considerably alters the thermodynamic stability of black holes across both high-temperature and low-temperature regimes. This analysis shows that different CKG parameter settings will lead to $$W^{0+}$$ W 0 + $$(\lambda >0)$$ ( λ > 0 ) and $$W^{1+}$$ W 1 + $$(\lambda <0)$$ ( λ < 0 ) categories for the charged AdS black hole, the Reissner–Nordstr $$\ddot{o}$$ o ¨ m black hole in Conformal Killing Gravity is classified into the $$W^{0+}$$ W 0 + and $$W^{1+}$$ W 1 + categories. Furthermore, we examine the specific scenario where charge is neglected. The study reveals that within the framework of Conformal Killing Gravity, the Schwarzschild black hole similar to the Schwarzschild-AdS black hole, can be classified into the $$W^{1-}$$ W 1 - and $$W^{0-}$$ W 0 - categories. This work provides key insights into the fundamental nature of quantum gravity theory.

This work explores the universal classification of thermodynamic topology for charged static black holes within the $$z=3$$ z = 3 Hor̆ava-Lifshitz gravity theory, considering both canonical and grand canonical ensembles. We introduce a new topological subclass, denoted as $$\ddot{W}^{1-}$$ W ¨ 1 - . This finding expands the existing topological classification, going beyond the five previously defined classes and their respective subclasses. The $$\ddot{W}^{1-}$$ W ¨ 1 - subclass presents a distinct and previously unobserved stability profile: In the low-temperature regime, an unstable small black hole appears in the phase space, whereas, while in the high temperature regime, two unstable small black holes exist together with a stable large black hole. Our study underscores the dependence of charged black hole stability on the selection of the ensemble. These results contribute to refining and expanding the topological framework in black hole thermodynamics, providing key perspectives on the underlying nature of black holes and gravity.

This work explores the universal topological classes of various black hole configurations immersed in a quintessence field. The results indicate that the Schwarzschild black hole surrounded by quintessence is of the $$W^{1-}$$ W 1 - type, exhibiting thermodynamic instability in both extremal temperature limits. The introduction of rotation alters its topological nature to the $$W^{0+}$$ W 0 + class, where the Kerr black hole displays coexistence of a stable small black hole and an unstable large black hole at low temperatures. In comparison, anti de Sitter (adS) black holes display different thermodynamic topologies. The Schwarzschild–adS solution corresponds to the $$W^{0-}$$ W 0 - class, where an unstable small branch and a stable large branch emerge in the high temperatures. Meanwhile, the Kerr–adS classified as $$W^{1+},$$ W 1 + , maintains stability in both high- and low-temperature limits. Furthermore, the 4D/5D quintessential black hole belongs to the $$W^{0+}$$ W 0 + class within the Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet framework. Overall, parameters such as rotation and Gauss–Bonnet in quintessence background field affect the topological classifications of the black holes, while the quintessence field primarily modifies the stability range without changing the topological class itself.

Einstein–Cartan theory is a generalization of general relativity that introduces spacetime torsion. In this paper, we perform phase space analysis to investigate the evolution of the early universe in Einstein–Cartan theory. By studying the stability of critical points in the dynamical system, we find that there exist two stable critical points which represent an Einstein static solution and an expanding solution, respectively. After analyzing the phase diagram of the dynamical system, we find that the early universe may exhibit an Einstein static state, an oscillating state, or a bouncing state. By assuming the equation of state ω can decrease over time t, the universe can depart from the initial Einstein static state, oscillating state, or bouncing state and then evolve into an inflationary phase. Then, we analyze four different inflationary evolution cases in Einstein–Cartan theory and find that a time-variable equation of state ω cannot yield values of ns and r consistent with observations, while a time-invariant equation of state ω is supported by the Planck 2018 results. Thus, in Einstein–Cartan theory, the universe likely originates from a bouncing state rather than an Einstein static state or an oscillating state.

In this Letter, we initiate a systematic study of the n-point correlation functions (CF) in gauge theories in the sequential light-cone (SLC) limit. Focusing on QCD, we formulate a factorization theorem for the CF of four vector currents in this limit using tools from soft-collinear effective field theory (SCET). This result unveils a duality between CF and Wilson loops in non-conformal field theories, according to which the singular structure of the CF is described by a null polygonal Wilson loop dressed by universal jet functions and current form factors, directly related to well-known ingredients in collider physics. We employ this new factorization theorem to obtain the singular terms of the four-point CF in QCD in the SLC limit up to three loops. This constitutes the first determination of terms beyond one loop and in particular determines, for the first time, conformal-symmetry-breaking terms induced by the non-vanishing β-function of QCD. As a stringent check, we verify that our result satisfies the anomalous conformal Ward identities and its leading-transcendental term reproduces the known correlation function in 𝒩=4 SYM to three loops. Our results are easily generalized to the multi-point case, offering a powerful tool for future applications of SCET to the study of the fundamental structure of gauge theories.

Nowadays, engineers and biochemical industries have benefited greatly from optimal control analysis and its computational methods. Furthermore, the optimal control theory is a powerful instrument in infectious disease modeling and control of vibration in civil engineering structures under random loadings. In this paper, a new solution representation and optimal control of second-order Hilfer fractional stochastic integro-differential systems (HFSIDSs) with non-instantaneous impulsive (NI) are studied. Existence and uniqueness of solutions are proved in the finite-dimensional space by using Schaefer’s type fixed-point theorem with low conservative conditions on nonlinear part. Further, Lagrange problem is considered to establish optimal control results for HFSIDSs with NI. Finally, a pharmacotherapy type Hilfer fractional model is discussed in the example section.