The buried interface between the electron transport layer (ETL) and perovskite is critical for the performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Modifying the microstructure of this buried interface using dipolar molecules is among the most effective strategies to enhance device performance. However, the influence of the electron-donating/electronwithdrawing group ratio (EDG/EWG ratio) of dipolar molecules on buried interface engineering has not been systematically investigated. In this work, dipolar molecules are classified into EWG-rich, balanced, and EDG-rich configurations according to their EDG/EWG ratio, using L-aspartic acid, 4-aminobutyric acid, and L-2,4-diaminobutyric acid (DBA) as model systems. We confirm that the primary factor limiting device performance is located on the perovskite side rather than the ETL side. Both experimental and theoretical results reveal that the EDG-rich dipolar configuration provides the most efficient defect passivation for perovskite, promotes the growth of high-quality perovskite films, strengthens the interfacial electric field, and accelerates interfacial electron extraction and transport. As a result, the DBA-modified device achieves a champion PCE of 24.18% and maintains 85% of its initial efficiency after 30 days of ambient storage (20-25 degrees C, 25%-30% relative humidity) without encapsulation, showing excellent long-term stability. This work establishes asymmetric molecular engineering as a key design principle for optimizing the buried interface in high-performance PSCs.

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have become a frontier in photovoltaic research due to their excellent optoelectronic properties and solution processability. However, the insufficient band-edge absorption severely restricts further efficiency improvement. In response to this, we proposed to excite surface plasmon polariton (SPP) at the bandedge wavelength through the periodic metallic grating for enhancing long-wavelength absorption and narrowing the device photovoltaic (PV) bandgap. By precisely adjusting the geometric parameters of the metallic grating, the diffraction angle is controlled for strict momentum matching between the incident photons and metal surface electrons, thereby efficiently exciting SPP resonance at the metal perovskite interface; Meanwhile, as a broadband scattering center, the grating extends the optical path through multi-diffraction, homogenizing the electric field within the perovskite layer. This optical management strategy significantly increases the band-edge (779 nm) absorption from 30% to 87%, resulting in the PV bandgap redshift and a short-circuit current density (JSC) gain of 1.29 mA/cm2. This work not only provides a valid solution to overcome the bottleneck of band-edge absorption in PSCs, but also offers new ideas for achieving efficient and wide-angle tolerant thin-film PV technology.

The threat of tetracycline (TC) to human health has become a significant issue that cannot be disregarded. Herein, in order to achieve effective degradation and high-sensitivity detection of TC, BiOBr/ZnFe2O4-GO (BOB/ZFO-GO) S-scheme heterojunction nanocomposites (NCs) have been prepared using hydrothermal method. GO with high light absorption capacity accelerated the electron transfer between BiOBr and ZnFe2O4 nanocrystals and extended the light absorption region of BOB/ZFO NCs. The optimal GO addition of BOB/ZFO-GO NCs could degrade TC solution of 10 mg/L in 80 min and have a high reaction rate constant (k) of 0.072 min-1 under visible/NIR light. According to calculations, the non-metal photocatalyst (BOB/ZFO-GO(2)) with the best degradation performance had a photothermal conversion efficiency of up to 23%. Meanwhile, BOB/ZFO-GO NCs could be recycled by magnetic field. The excellent photocatalytic and photothermal performance could be maintained even after several cycles. In addition, a photothermal detection sensor based on a photothermal material/specific recognition element/tetracycline sandwich-type structure was constructed for the trace detection of TC concentration with a detection limit as low as 10-4 ng/mL. This research provides a unique idea for the multi-functionalization of photocatalysts and has a wide range of potential applications for the identification and treatment of organic wastewater.

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as relatively stable reactive oxygen species gains considerable attention because it can regulate physiological and pathological processes. In order to better detect H2O2, fluorescent probes were widely applied. Over the past 20 years, a great deal of boronate-based fluorescent molecular probes appeared due to relatively simple oxidation reaction. However, the reaction mechanisms that boronate derivatives were converted into fluorescent product by H2O2 are poorly studied. In this paper, taking coumarin-7-pinacolboronate (CBU) as an example, the oxidation mechanism of boronate-based probes by various reactive oxygen species was studied by theoretical calculations. The results found that (1) the chemical reaction mechanisms are nearly identical for the reactions of CBU with hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorous acid, peroxynitrite, and tyrosine hydroperoxide, respectively. (2) There is not radical intermediate during the reaction. (3) The different reactive oxygen species has a strong influence on rate limiting step and reaction rate. The different reactive oxygen species, hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorous acid, peroxynitrite, and tyrosine hydroperoxide have strong influence on rate limiting step and reaction rate, but they have no effect on chemical reaction mechanisms.image

As light emitter of most marine organisms bioluminescence, coelenteramide (CLM) received much attention due to some exciting application in the field of bioinspired organic light-emitting devices (OLED). Nevertheless, native CLM only emit bright blue light. In order to obtain light of different colors, two CLM analogues, TPA-CLM and TPA-TP-CLM were designed by introduction of triphenylamine group and (thiophene) π-bridge. On the other hand, because the light emitter, CLM was produced by the chemical reaction which originates from the oxidation of bioluminescent substrate, coelenterazine (CLZ), it must be evaluated if and how substituent group tune the chemiluminescent (CL) reaction mechanism, firstly. In this article, the complete chemiluminescent reaction mechanism of TPA-CLZ and TPA-TP-CLZ and the photophysical properties of light emitters, TPA-CLM and TPA-TP-CLM were investigated by (time-dependent) density functional theory, (TD) DFT calculations. The calculations indicate that the introduction of triphenylamine and π-bridge minimally affect the complete reaction process. For the light emitters, TPA-CLM and TPA-TP-CLM, the calculation results indicate that the injection abilities of hole and electron can be largely improved by introduction of triphenylamine and π-bridge. The absorption and emission spectra appeared at longer wavelengths than native CLM. These results illustrate that TPA-CLM and TPA-TP-CLM are good candidates for bioinspired OLED application.

CdS@CdSe QDs were introduced onto the interface of ZnO nanorods by SILAR and anionic replacement process. A wide light absorption spectrum was obtained in the CdS@CdSe QDs double-sensitized solar cells. The conversion efficiency of the ZnO solar cell is 1.06% (V-oc = 0.58 V,J(sc) = 5.90 mA/cm(2), FF = 0.31). Band alignment was investigated by UPS pattern. The consequence implies that the energy level structure of CdS@CdSe QDs double-sensitized solar cell varied compared with a single-sensitized one. This new appearance of CdSe can not only work efficiently on broadening the absorption wavelength, but also promote the efficiency of charge injection. Ultimately, photovoltaic performance of the CdS@CdSe double-sensitized device was improved.

Ln 0.5 Sr 0.5 Fe 0.8 Cu 0.2 O 3-δ (LnSFC, Ln = Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd) perovskite oxide as a cobalt-free cathode was systematically evaluated for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cell (IT-SOFC). XRD results show that PrSFC presents the cubic structure, while NdSFC, SmSFC, and GdSFC present an orthorhombic structure. The conductivity of the four samples is in accordance with the GdSFC < SmSFC < NdSFC < PrSFC relationship. AC impedance testing was performed using a symmetrical fuel cell of the structure LnSFC/Ce 0.9 Sm 0.1 O 1.95 (SDC)/LnSFC. The polarization resistance values of PrSFC, NdSFC, SmSFC, and GdSFC are 0.036, 0.089, 0.097, and 0.160 Ω cm 2 at 800 °C, respectively. Then, SDC electrolyte-support single cell was fabricated and the power densities of PrSFC, NdSFC, SmSFC, and GdSFC cathodes were 364, 311, 254 and 104 mW cm −2 , respectively, at 800 °C. Our preliminary experiment results show that LnSFC oxide meets the requirements of the electrode, and it can be a possible cathode for IT-SOFC.

The DPVBi (4,4′-bis(2,2-diphenylvinyl-1,1′-biphenyl) is a blue-light organic fluorescence doped material, which can be used as a hole barrier layer or a luminescent layer for fabricating organic light-emitting devices. A blue light device with stable color stability and high efficiency was prepared by co-doping blue light dye DPVBi and red light dye DCJTB as light-emitting layer. In order to prevent the infiltration of O2 and moisture inside the device from affecting the luminescence lifetime of the device, the device was encapsulated by atomic layer deposition. Since the driving voltage of the organic light-emitting device is generally above 5 V and the power consumption is low, in order to facilitate driving with a low voltage, a boost driving circuit based on the XL6009 chip was designed. The driver of the fabricated blue-light device was tested. The results showed that circuit had low-voltage drive characteristics and could be widely used in small toys, lighting, and portable devices. Through the test to achieve the desired goal, the requirements of low voltage and low energy consumption were realized, and the life of the light-emitting device can be tested, which has certain practicability and reference value.

The mechanical alloying of Fe–Co–Zr–B mixed powder has been studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and other test methods. The results show that the Fe–Co–Zr–B nanocrystalline alloy can be produced by mechanical alloying from the elements powders by ball milling of 50 h. With the increase in Co content, the grain size increases correspondingly, and the size of composite particles decreases continuously. The mechanical alloying process of Fe–Co–Zr–B alloy system is slowed down by the addition of Co.

In this article, an alterable structural color in the reflected light of a chiral nematic imprinted film was fabricated. Biotemplate nanocrystalline celluloses were applied as structural oriented templates. Selectivity of the sensor was endowed by the molecular imprinting process which applied sulfamethoxazoles (SMXs) as template molecules, urea and phenol as double functional monomers, and formaldehyde as cross-linkers. The sensor exhibited a chiral nematic blue mesoporous structure, which could selectively recognize SMXs on account of the abundant predetermined rebinding sites. Once SMXs were detected, the sensor showed a visible color variance from blue to yellow and the sensitive concentration range was from 3.9 X 10−3 to 3.9 mmol L−1. Both quantitative analyses, selective testing and recycling performance of the sensor were demonstrated. This optical response to SMXs can provide a portable, low-cost and easy-to-use strategy for the convenient detection of SMXs.

Multilayer chroma stability of white OLEDs was realized with blue dye DPVBi and red dye DCJTB doped as luminescence layer. The blue dye doping concentration was kept at 6%, at the same time the red dye was reduced from 4%, 2%, 1% to 0.5%. The device color coordinates (CIE) were adjusted from (0.58, 0.42) to (0.31, 0.32), achieving the white light emission. A stable white emission for forward bias voltage changes from 6 to 17 V has been achieved. Its maximum luminance was 15030 cd/m(2) at 17 V, and the maximum current efficiency was 4.65 cd/A at 9 V. We contributed the main reason of chroma stability to the complete energy transfer from CBP to DCJTB and the incomplete energy transfer between DPVBi and DCJTB by analyzing the spectrum and characteristic of the device so its performance was enhanced.

[WITHDRAWN ARTICLE] In this paper, because the new test equipment is used in the test, the debugging problems of the equipment are found in the recent experiments, resulting in the inaccurate test data, which can not reflect the actual results. We are afraid it will mislead the readers and can't explain the characteristics of the battery well. In order to maintain the seriousness of science, the authors of this article hereby apply to withdraw the manuscript and bear all consequences.

The new type of cathode material YBaCo1.4Cu0.6-O5+delta-xSDC (x = 20, 30, 40, 50 wt.%) was synthesized by sol-gel method, electrolyte material of Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9 (SDC) and La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O3-delta (LSGM) were synthesized by glycine combustion, composite cathode materials were prepared by mixing the two materials evenly. The performance was analyzed using the ac impedance spectrum and SEM, the best performance was obtained with the ratio of x = 30%. After 2 hour sintering at 950-C, YBCC-30% SDC cathode polarization resistance are 0.027 Omega.cm(2), 0.043 Omega.cm(2) and 0.074 Omega.cm(2) at 850 degrees C, 800 degrees C, 750 degrees C, respectively. The performance of single battery YBCC-30SDC/LSGM/SDC/NiO-SDC was tested and the power density reached its maximum of 662 mW/cm(2) at 850 degrees C.

A white organic light emitting device with structure of ITO/2T-NATA(20)/NPBX(15)/DPVBi(15)/ Alq:Rub(10, x)/Alq3(40)/LiF/Al was fabricated using doping rubrene. When the concentration of rubrene is 3 wt.%, the chromaticity is the best (0.319, 0.317), and the color coordinates are stable. When the thickness of the doping layer is 20 nm, the efficiency and luminance of the devices are the highest, which are 5.1022 cd/A and 17130 cd/m 2 , respectively. On the basis, a test system is consisted of Solomon’s OLED display control driver chip SSD1306 and microcontroller AT89C52, which tests the OLED dot matrix through the program to determine whether the matrix has dead point. Through experimental comparison, the test results are consistent with the external power supply test. The system has the characteristics of high efficiency and display characters of dynamic and static pictures, which provides a feasible driving method for the practical application of OLED.

[WITHDRAWN ARTICLE] In this paper, because the new test equipment is used in the test, the debugging problems of the equipment are found in the recent experiments, resulting in the inaccurate test data, which can not reflect the actual results. We are afraid it will mislead the readers and can't explain the characteristics of the battery well. In order to maintain the seriousness of science, the authors of this article hereby apply to withdraw the manuscript and bear all consequences.

The new type of cathode material YBaCo1.4Cu0.6-O5+delta-xSDC (x = 20, 30, 40, 50 wt.%) was synthesized by sol-gel method, electrolyte material of Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9 (SDC) and La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O3-delta (LSGM) were synthesized by glycine combustion, composite cathode materials were prepared by mixing the two materials evenly. The performance was analyzed using the ac impedance spectrum and SEM, the best performance was obtained with the ratio of x = 30%. After 2 hour sintering at 950-C, YBCC-30% SDC cathode polarization resistance are 0.027 Omega.cm(2), 0.043 Omega.cm(2) and 0.074 Omega.cm(2) at 850 degrees C, 800 degrees C, 750 degrees C, respectively. The performance of single battery YBCC-30SDC/LSGM/SDC/NiO-SDC was tested and the power density reached its maximum of 662 mW/cm(2) at 850 degrees C.

The electronic structures and spectroscopic properties of heteroleptic cyclometalated iridium(III) complexes were investigated. The geometries, electronic structures, and the lowest-lying excited states of (DBQ)2Ir(acac) and (MDQ)2Ir(acac) were investigated via density functional theory-based approaches. A series of designed models of (DBQ)2Ir(dpis), (DBQ)2Ir(tpip), (MDQ)2Ir(dpis) and (MDQ)2Ir(tpip) was also calculated for comparison. The structures in the ground and excited states were optimized via B3LYP method. The lowest absorptions and emissions spectra were evaluated via TD-B3LYP and TD-PBE1PBE methods. The computational results reveal that the emission peaks of the designed complexes are at around 585―640 nm, which belong to the orange-yellow wavelength. The frontier molecular orbital properties indicate that the Ir(III) complexes have low efficiency roll-off.

Zn0.98Ni0.02O nanoparticles have been synthesized successfully by the sol–gel method. Effects of thermal annealing temperature (400, 500 and 600°C) and atmosphere (argon and air) on the structural, magnetic and optical properties of the samples were investigated. Results indicated that Ni ions were successfully incorporated into the ZnO matrix and replaced Zn ions. By varying temperature and atmosphere of the thermal annealing treatment, we found that Zn0.98Ni0.02O nanoparticles exhibited ferromagnetism at room temperature and this behavior was believed to be from oxygen vacancies.

The ZnFe1.97Eu0.03O4 nanoparticles were prepared with sol–gel method. The effects of sintering temperature on the structural, morphological and magnetic properties were investigated in detail. The results revealed that the ZnFe1.97Eu0.03O4 NPs exhibited weak ferromagnetic properties due to the formation of defects in ZnFe2O4 caused by Eu3+ doping. Moreover, the increased sintering temperature not only enlarged the grain size but also decreased the magnetization of ZnFe1.97Eu0.03O4 NPs due to the decrease of defects in the crystal lattices.