The solubility data of N-alpha-carbobenzyloxy-L-arginine in 12 individual solvents (water, dimethylformamide, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, 1-butanol, acetone, acetonitrile, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and 2-butanone) were determined by the static gravimetric method in the temperature range from 283.15 to 323.15 K. The results show that all the solubility increases with the increase in temperature. In the selected solvent systems, three different polymorphs named the alpha-form, beta-form, and gamma-form were found. In addition, the Hansen solubility parameters (HSPs) were used to analyze the dissolution behavior. According to the solubility data analysis results, the dissolution behavior was affected by the HSPs, polarity, hydrogen bond, and cohesive energy density. The Apelblat model and the Yaws model were used to correlate the solubility data, and their fitting effect was evaluated by the Akaike information criterion method.

Colorimetric sensing is a low-cost, intuitive method for monitoring the freshness of food. We prepared a colorimetric strip sensor array by mixing different amounts of bromophenol blue (BPB) and bromocresol green (BCG). As results of NH3 simulation, the array strip turned from yellow to blue, and the number of blue spots increased with the increasing NH3, like a progress bar. Although the actual color is quite different, the color-changing trend was consistent with the simulated model calculated by a computer. The progress bar results remained stable under three lighting conditions. Furthermore, in the Cod preservation experiment, the color-changing progress of the strip sensor array is consistent with the simulation and can indicate Cod freshness while providing more distinguish levels. Therefore, a "progress bar" indicator built by this strategy possess the potential of realizing nondestructive, more accurate, and commercially available food quality monitoring through the naked eye and smart equipment recognition.

The solid-liquid equilibrium solubility and solvent effect of N-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-asparagine in monosolvent systems (water, isopropanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isobutanol, n-butanol, acetonitrile, n-pentanol, 2-butanone, acetone, 1,4-dioxane, and methanol) were studied. The solubility of N-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-asparagine was measured by the static gravimetric method at 283.15 to 323.15 K (5 K interval). The polymorph of N-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-asparagine was investigated by powder X-ray diffraction. Experiments confirmed that the crystal form did not change during the determination of solubility. Furthermore, the results showed that the solubility of N-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-asparagine was positively correlated with the test temperature in the test solvent. The solubility of N-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-asparagine in 12 pure solvents was analyzed by Hansen solubility parameters, molecular structures, hydrogen bonds, and solvent polarity. The solubility of N-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-asparagine in 12 pure solvents was affected by many factors. The Yaws model and the modified Apelblat model were employed to correlate the experimental solubility, and the fitting results of the two models were very good. In addition, AIC values and Akaike weights of the two models were calculated to evaluate the fitting level.

This work introduces a potential fish freshness indicator film based on cellulose acetate (CA) and polyethylene glycol 4000 (PEG 4000) incorporated with a novel dye of bromothymol blue (BTB) grafted on MOF (Cr-MIL-101NH2) carrier. The characterization results of the modified dye (MOF-BTB) infer that most of the BTB is integrated with the framework by intermolecular force without breaking the MOF structure. The colorimetric film's oxygen transmission, water vapor transmission, and elongation at break, after the addition of MOF-BTB, shows a decrease, while the tensile strength of the film increase. The MOF-BTB film has observed no BTB migration in the simulated food liquid of neutral, acidic, and alcoholic food; besides, it preserves the color-change ability and is more profound and stable than the BTB film with the same effective dye content. We use the prepared freshness label for Grass carp freshness monitoring under 25 celcius. The freshness label produces a noticeable color change consistent with the fish spoilage around the total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) threshold, which can warn the spoil of the fish. Therefore, the developed colorimetric freshness label can track fish freshness visually and nondestructively using synthetic dye without worrying about contaminating the fish from migration.

The solid-liquid equilibrium solubility and solvent effects of Nbenzyloxycarbonyl-L-tryptophan in monosolvent systems (water, isopropanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isobutanol, n-butanol, acetonitrile, n-pentanol, 2-butanone, acetone, methyl acetate, and ethyl acetate) were reported in this work. All the solubility data were measured at 283.15-323.15 K (5 K interval) by the static gravimetric method. It was confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction that the crystal form of Nbenzyloxycarbonyl- L-tryptophan did not change in the process of solubility determination. Among the 12 pure solvents, the solubility increased with the increase of absolute temperature. The solubility is the largest in acetone and the smallest in water. The solubility behavior and solvent effects in different monosolvents were first analyzed by taking the empirical solvent polarity parameter (E-T(30)) as the main factor. Then the natural logarithm of solubility (lnx(1)) was linearly fitted to E-T(30) for dipolar protic and aprotic solvents, respectively. Lastly, the special solubility behavior in isopropanol and water/acetonitrile was explained by the hydrogen bond acceptor tendencies and the cohesive energy density, respectively. The solvent effect analysis results illustrated that the solubility sequence of N-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-tryptophan in the test solvents resulted from the comprehensive effect of multiple factors. The Yaws model and the modified Apelblat model were employed to correlate the experimental solubility, and the fitting results of the two models were well. In addition, Akaike Information Criterion values and Akaike weights of the two models were calculated to evaluate the fitting level.

The mole fraction solubility data of Boc-L-asparagine in 12 neat solvents, including 9 polar proton solvents (water, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, i-propanol, n-butanol, i-butanol, s-butanol, and n-pentanol) and 3 polar aprotic solvents (acetone, 2-butanone, and acetonitrile) were determined by the static gravimetric method within the temperature range from 283.15 to 323.15 K with an interval of 5 K under an ambient pressure of 98.8 kPa. The main factors influencing the solubility behavior including the molecular structure, polarity, hydrogen bond, and cohesive energy density were investigated. Two mathematical models, i.e., the modified Apelblat model and the Yaws model were used to fit the solubility data. It is found from the results that the modified Apelblat model is better than the Yaws model.

L-Cysteine methyl ester hydrochloride (one of the derivatives of L-cysteine) solubility in 14 monosolvents (methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, n-butanol, sec-butanol, isopropanol, isobutanol, ethyl acetate, 1,4-dioxane, acetonitrile, acetone, 2-butanone, n-pentanol, and dichloromethane) was determined by the static gravimetric method from 283.15 to 333.15 K under the atmospheric pressure. Meanwhile, its solubility in the binary solvent of ethanol + dichloromethane was measured from 283.15 to 303.15 K. From the experimental results, the solubility increased with increasing temperature. And three kinds of polymorphs appeared in the selected solvent systems, which are named alpha-form, beta-form, and gamma-form. Furthermore, from the results, the main factors affecting solubility are polarity, Hildebrand solubility parameter, and hydrogen-bonding interactions. Six thermodynamic models (the modified Apelblat model, Yaws model, Jouyban-Acree model, Machatha model, Apelblat-Jouyban-Acree model, and Apelblat-Machatha model) were used for correlating the solubility data. The Akaike information criterion method was used to evaluate the thermodynamic models.

The mole fraction solubility data of N-carboxyphenoxy-L-2-phenylglycine in 11 neat solvents (methanol, water, isopropyl alcohol, ethanol, n-propyl alcohol, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, acetone, dichloromethane, acetonitrile, and butanone) and a binary solvent mixture of ethanol + water were determined by the static gravimetric method at 283.15-323.15 K. From the solvent effect analysis, the solubility behavior was affected not only by polarity, but also by some other factors such as hydrogen bonding, cohesive energy density, and molecular structure. The solubility data of N-carboxyphenoxy-L-2-phenylglycine were correlated by using the two-dimensional modified Apelblat model and three-dimensional Apelblat-Jouyban - Acree model. The maximum values of root-mean-square deviation and relative average deviation were 100.98 x 10(-4) and 20.53%, respectively. The solubility calculated by the two models agreed well with the experimental values.

The data on the solubility of L-thioproline in a mole fraction scale in nine individual solvents (water, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, acetone, acetonitrile, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and 1,4-dioxane) and one binary solvent mixture of water + acetonitrile was measured by a static gravimetric method from 283.15 to 333.15 K. Whether or not a neat or binary solvent system is used, the solubility is nonlinearly positively correlated with the experimental temperatures. At a given temperature, the solubility presents an order of water > acetone approximate to 1,4-dioxane > dichloromethane approximate to ethanol approximate to ethyl acetate > methanol > isopropanol > acetonitrile, which is a result of the multiple influences of many factors related to intermolecular interactions. Four thermodynamic models, including the modified Apelblat, Yaws, Jouyban-Acree, and Apelblat-Jouyban-Acree models were employed for correlating the solubility data, and the results show a satisfactory fitting effect for each model.

The solubility data of L-arginine alpha-ketoglutarate (AAKG) were determined by the static gravimetric method from 283.15 to 323.15 K in 10 pure solvents (water, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, acetone, acetonitrile, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, 2-butanone, and 1,4-dioxane) and two water + ethanol and water + acetone binary solvent systems. According to the experimental results, their solubility positively correlated with the temperature. In the selected solvent systems, there was no polymorph found. In addition, the data analysis results showed that the polarity, hydrogen bond, Hildebrand solubility parameters, and molecular structure all affected the dissolution behavior. Four thermodynamic models including the modified Apelblat model, the lambda h model, the NRTL model, and the Apelblat-Jouyban-Acree model were used to correlate the solubility data.

The mole fraction solubility data of N-acetyl-L-proline in 16 neat solvents (water, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, sec-butanol, n-pentanol, acetone, 2-butanone, acetonitrile, dichloromethane, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, and 1,4-dioxane) covering a temperature range of 283.15-323.15 K were measured by the static gravimetric method. The polymorphism of N-acetyl-L-proline was investigated by the powder X-ray diffraction test and the patterns show that there are two polymorphs within the studied solid-liquid equilibrium systems. The increasing temperature shows a positive effect on N-acetyl-L-proline solubility in all of the solvents and the largest increasing rate is observed in acetonitrile with an increase of 16-fold. The solubility behavior was found to be influenced by five factors including polarity, hydrogen bonding, solvent-solvent interactions, molecular construction, and viscosity. Two thermodynamic models, i.e., the modified Apelblat model and the Yaws model, were used for the correlation of solubility data. To evaluate the fitting results, the average relative deviation (ARD) and root-mean-square deviation (RMSD), as well as the Akaike information criterion (AIC) and Akaike weights, were computed for each model.

The solubility data of L-arginine L-pyroglutamate were determined by the static gravimetric method from 283.15 to 323.15 K in nine pure solvents (water, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, acetone, acetonitrile, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane) and a water + ethanol binary solvent system. According to experimental results, solubility was positively correlated with temperature. In the selected solvent systems, three different polymorphs denoted as alpha-form, beta-form, and gamma-form were found. In addition, from the data analysis results, the polarity, hydrogen bonding, Hildebrand solubility parameters, and the molecular structure affected the dissolution equilibrium. Two thermodynamic models including the modified Apelblat model and the Yaws model were used to correlate the solubility data. Meanwhile, these models were evaluated by the Akaike information criterion method.

The solubility (mole fraction) of ethyl L-thiazolidine-4-carboxylate hydrochloride in 15 individual solvents including water, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, sec-butanol, acetone, 2-butanone, acetonitrile, dichloromethane, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, and 1,4-dioxane, as well as one binary mixed solvent of ethanol + methyl acetate from 283.15 to 323.15 K was measured by a static gravimetric method. The solid phase of ethyl L-thiazolidine-4-carboxylate hydrochloride in the investigated solvent systems was characterized by the powder X-ray diffraction test. The rising temperature exhibits a positive effect on the ethyl L-thiazolidine-4-carboxylate hydrochloride solubility in pure solvents, while a cosolvency phenomenon was observed in the binary solvent. The solubility behavior in pure solvents was found to be influenced by the mutual effect of six factors including polarity, hydrogen-bonding interaction, solvent-solvent interactions, molecular structures, steric effects, and solvent viscosity. In addition, the measured solubility data were fitted utilizing two thermodynamic models, i.e., the modified Apelblat model and the Apelblat-Jouyban-Acree model.

In this study, the quantitative mole fraction solubility of L-glutamic acid 5-methyl ester in 12 individual organic solvents (water, methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, acetone, 2-butanone, acetonitrile, 1,4-dioxane, ethyl acetate, nhexane, and dichloromethane) were reported. The solubility determinations were performed via the gravimetric method in the temperature range of T = 283.15-323.15 K, except for dichloromethane at T = 283.15-308.15 K. The powder X-ray diffraction test was used to research the polymorphism of L-glutamic acid 5-methyl ester, and the consequence shows that there is no crystal transformation in the process of solubility measurement; besides, it is found that the mole fraction solubility of L-glutamic acid 5-methyl ester is positively correlated with the experimental temperature in the tested solvents. The measured data are observed the highest in water (0.042569), followed by methanol (0.001379), 1,4-dioxane (0.000331), acetone (0.000221), ethanol (0.000212), ethyl acetate (0.000145), 2-propanol (0.000144), n-hexane (0.000132), 1-propanol (0.000116), 2-butanone (0.000107), acetonitrile (0.000034), and dichloromethane (0.000024) at "T = 298.15 K". Different properties of the chemicals, including solvent polarity, hydrogen bond, molecular structure, and Hansen solubility parameters, were summarized to analyze the solubility behavior of L-glutamic acid 5-methyl ester in the investigated neat solvents. The results show that the mole fraction solubility of L-glutamic acid 5-methyl ester in the selected solvents is a complicated phenomenon affected by multiple factors. Two thermodynamic models, which are the modified Apelblat model and the Yaws model, were employed to correlate the experimental solubility, and the fitting results of the two models were both well. Moreover, the AIC values and the Akaike weights of the two models were computed to assess the fitting level.

The data on the solubility of Boc-L-proline in 14 monosolvents, namely, water, ethanol, methanol, n-propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, sec-butyl alcohol, acetone, acetonitrile, butanone, ethyl acetate, methyl acetate, and dichloromethane (DCM), were measured by a static gravimetric method covering the temperature range of 283.15-323.15 K. The equilibrated solid phase of Boc-L-proline in all the solvent systems was characterized via the test of X-ray powder diffraction. The solubility values in all the solvents are positively correlated with the temperature. The dissolution behavior was affected by the combined effects of four factors consisting of solvent polarity, formation of hydrogen bonds, solvent-solvent intermolecular interactions (represented by cohesive energy density), and molecular structures of solvents and the solute. Additionally, the Yaws model and modified Apelblat model were utilized to fit the data of solubility, and the values of Akaike information criterion as well as Akaike weights were calculated to evaluate the relative applicability of the two solubility models. The results show that the Yaws model could give a better correlation result for the solubility data than the model of modified Apelblat.

The multicomponent solid-liquid equilibrium data for 1,3,5-triformylbenzene, a key intermediate for the synthesis of porous organic cages, in 12 neat solvents (water, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, sec-butanol, n-pentanol, acetone, acetonitrile, and 1,4-dioxane) and the binary solvent mixture of acetone + water were measured by the static gravimetric method within the temperature range from 283.15 to 323.15 K. In both neat and binary solvent systems, the solubility values increased with the increase in temperature. Analysis of the data showed that the solubility behavior was mainly affected by the properties of solute and solvents. Six thermodynamic models, i.e., the modified Apelblat model, Yaws model, simplified Jouyban-Acree model, Machatha model, Apelblat-Jouyban-Acree model, and Apelblat-Machatha model, were used for correlating the obtained solubility data mathematically. The Yaws model could give a better fitting result for the solubility in pure solvents (the maximum ARD is 10.761 x 10(-2)), and the correlation result of Machatha model is the best for the binary solvent system (the largest ARD is 5.699 x 10(-2)). To evaluate the models for correlating the solubility data, the Akaike information criterion values and Akaike weights were calculated for each thermodynamic model.

DL-Homocysteine thiolactone hydrochloride (one of the derivatives of L-cysteine) solubility in nine neat solvents (methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, ethyl acetate, 1,4-dioxane, acetonitrile, acetone, 2-butanone, and dichloromethane) were determined by the static gravimetric method at the atmospheric pressure from 283.15 to 323.15 K. At the same time, the solubility in the methanol + acetonitrile binary solvent system was determined. From the result of the experiments, the solubilities all increased with the increase of the temperature. And the polarity is one of the important factors affecting solubility. The three-dimensional (3D) Apelblat-Jouyban-Acree model and the Apelblat-Machatha model were used for correlating the solubility data, and the values calculated by the two thermodynamic models were in good agreement with the experimental data.

N-Acetylglycine solubility in 12 monosolvents (water, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, i-propanol, n-butanol, i-butanol, s-butanol, n-pentanol, acetone, acetonitrile, and 1,4-dioxane) were determined by the static gravimetric method within the temperature range from 283.15 to 333.15 K under an ambient pressure of 98.8 kPa. In the meantime, the binary solvent mixture (methanol + acetonitrile) of different ratios was measured from 283.15 to 323.15 K. Analysis of the neat solvent data showed that the solubility behavior was influenced by the polarity, hydrogen bond, molecular structures, molecular steric hindrance, and so on. The KAT-LSER model was used to perform the multiple linear regression analysis on a pure solvent system to reveal the solvent effect on solubility. When the solvent composition was constant, a positive correlation of N-acetylglycine solubility with experimental temperature was found in all investigated pure and mixed solvent systems. At a given temperature, inflection points were found in the solubility curves for binary solvent systems as the mole fraction of methanol increased, which may be attributed to the cosolvency phenomenon. Six thermodynamic models, including the modified Apelblat, Yaws, Jouyban-Acree, Machatha, Apelblat-Jouyban-Acree, and Apelblat-Machatha models, were employed for fitting the solubility data.

The equilibrium solubility of N-benzylglycine in 11 pure solvents (methanol, ethanol, n-propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol, acetone, acetonitrile, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, 1,4-dioxane, and water) and one binary water + ethanol solvent mixture was measured by a static gravimetric method covering the temperature range of (283.15-323.15) K. The polymorphism of N-benzylglycine was characterized via the powder X-ray diffraction test and the results indicate that no crystal form transition occurred during the dissolution process in all solvents studied. When the solvent composition is constant, the solubility of N-benzylglycine in all neat solvents and solvent mixtures is positively correlated with the experimental temperature. With the increase of the mole fraction of water at a certain temperature, the solubility curve of the binary water + ethanol solvent mixtures shows an inflection point, which may be the result of the synergistic solvation effects. The KAT-LSER model equation was used to analyze the mixed solvent system by multiple linear regression analysis to reveal the interactions between solute-solvent and solvent-solvent. In addition, the modified Apelblat model and the Apelblat-Jouyban-Acree model were utilized to correlate the solubility data.

The mole fraction solubility data of trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline in 16 neat solvents (water, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, sec-butanol, n-pentanol, acetone, 2-butanone, acetonitrile, dichloromethane, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, and 1,4-dioxane) and a binary solvent mixture of water + acetonitrile were determined by the static gravimetric method from 283.15 to 333.15 K. In both neat and binary solvent systems, the solubility values increased with the increase of temperature. Analysis of the data showed that the solubility behavior was influenced by the polarity, hydrogen bond, cohesive energy density, and molecular structures. Six thermodynamic models, including the modified Apelblat, Yaws, Jouyban-Acree, Machatha, Apelblat-Jouyban-Acree, and Apelblat-Machatha models, were employed for fitting the solubility data. In addition, these models were assessed for classification by the Akaike information criterion values and Akaike weights.