Indoor localization has been receiving great interest and 2D localization system based on infrared LED-based wiimote camera is also well-developed. Although 3D positioning techniques based on infrared LED detection have been proposed and validated, it is not yet matured for general indoor localization due to its insufficient sensing zone and specific layout attitude, which may not always have been satisfied. In this work, based on previous research, a layout is proposed to extend the sensing region to cover the entire indoor space by deploying many wiimote 3D pairs and make sure the object can be detected by at least two wiimote pairs during motion. However, this also implies that the original optimal deployed attitude cannot be maintained. As a result, to deal with this problem, a variable-angle dual wiimote 3D system is developed and corresponding localization performance and sensitivity analysis is carried out for clarifying the above concern. From sensitivity analysis result, better performance in X displacement detection is achieved with the orientation setting in 90°, and the results also show the system to be more sensitive to the error in orientation. Furthermore, the scheme is also applied to robot arm attitude determination and shows the high possibility for this system developing into an effective external sensor for robot arm control. It is expected that this wiimote 3D localization system to have a great potential on inexpensive and precise general indoor localization system.Keywords: Wiimote, indoor localization, robustness analysis, 3D positioning, robot attitude determination

Indoor localization has been receiving great interest and 2D localization system based on infrared LED-based wiimote camera is also well-developed. Although 3D positioning techniques based on infrared LED detection have been proposed and validated, it is not yet matured for general indoor localization due to its insufficient sensing zone an d specific layout attitude , which may not always be satisfied. In this work, based on our previous research, we propose a layout to extend the sensing region to cover the entire indoor space by deploying many wiimote 3D pairs and make sure at least the object can be detected by at least two wiimote pairs during motion. However, this also implies that the original optimal deployed attitude cannot be maintained. As a result, to deal with this problem, a variable-angle dual wiimote 3D system is developed and corresponding localization performance and sensitivity analysis is carried out for clarifying the above concern. From sensitivity analysis result, deployment of wiimote cameras requires higher accuracy in orientation when angles between coordinates of both cameras are 90 degree , and tolerance in position error decreases when angles between both cameras is further from 90 degree . Furthermore, the scheme is also applied to robot arm attitude determination, and shows the high possibility for this system developing into an effective external sensor for robot arm controlling. It is expected that this wiimote 3D localization system to have a great potential on inexpensive and precise general indoor localization system.

A Wiimote 3D localization scheme has been developed for smart living or computer animation applications. This scheme utilizes a pair of Wiimotes to form a stereo vision and a kinematics relation is established to extract the 3D position of objects by using geometric transformation. However, due to the limitation in pixel resolution, the positioning resolution deteriorated at larger sensing distance. Therefore, a dual Wiimotes 3D scheme is also proposed for further improving the performance at the foundation of the single Wiimote 3D localization. By adding another Wiimote pair at the opposite side, we can expand the positioning range and reduce the positioning error with larger sensing distance. The experimental results indicate that this scheme is effective in achieving the above mentioned goals. With properly integration with this scheme, It is expected that applications such as positioning of indoor mobile robots and human motion capture for animations could achieve a better performance.