Aim Alopecia areata(AA) is a chronic, non-scarring inflammatory disorder that affects hair follicles on the scalp and body.It is increasingly recognized that AA is not merely a dermatological condition limited to localized hair loss but may also be associated with systemic inflammatory processes. Materials and methods This retrospective study included male and female patients older than 4 years of age who were treated with topical diphenylcyclopropenone(DPCP) for moderate-to-severe AA between August 2023 and August 2024.The study comprised 19 female and 19 male patients.Patients who received topical DPCP treatment for AA and underwent complete blood count(CBC) analysis both before and after treatment were included. Results Of the 38 AA cases included in the study, 19 were female(50.0%).The mean Severity of Alopecia Tool(SALT) score at baseline was 87.76 ± 21.80(range: 25-100), while the mean SALT score at Month 6 was 60.21±41.33(range: 0-100), indicating a significant reduction in disease severity(p < 0.01). Significant changes were observed in lymphocyte counts(p = 0.01) and the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR, p = 0.02) following treatment.When evaluating which hematological and inflammatory parameters predicted the SALT score at Month 6, an exploratory regression analysis(Adjusted R2 = 0.101) showed that only the change in lymphocyte levels was associated with treatment response(β = 0.354, p = 0.029). Conclusion Our findings suggest that, based on sixmonth evaluation results,DPCP may be an effective treatment option for AA.While it modulates local inflammation, it appears to have a limited effect on systemic immunity; however, this does not result in any significant adverse alterations in hematological and inflammatory biomarkers.Current data suggest that topical DPCP treatment demonstrated a potentially acceptable hematological safety profile in the short-tomedium term.Furthermore, the change in lymphocyte levels may emerge as a potential biomarker for predicting treatment response.

BACKGROUND:Palmoplantar psoriasis exhibits greater treatment resistance compared to other psoriatic plaques and presents clinical and histopathological overlap with palmoplantar eczema. This study aimed to investigate treatment resistance mechanisms in palmoplantar psoriasis and assess the contribution of IL-17, IL-23, and IL-36α to the differential diagnosis of palmoplantar psoriasis and eczema. Immunohistochemical levels of these cytokines were measured in paired acral and non-acral psoriatic samples. METHODS:We retrospectively included 73 patients: 25 with only palmoplantar psoriasis, 25 with palmoplantar eczema, and 23 with both conditions and concurrent plaque psoriasis. Clinical and histopathological diagnoses were confirmed. Immunohistochemical analyses were conducted using preparations stained for IL-17, IL-23, and IL-36α. RESULTS:In psoriasis cases, immunohistochemical examination of biopsies from both body and palmoplantar regions showed lower IL-17 and IL-36α expression in acral regions compared to non-acral regions. In palmoplantar eczema patients, IL-17 and IL-23 expression was higher than in palmoplantar psoriasis patients; however, IL-36α expression was similar in both conditions. CONCLUSIONS:The diminished expression of IL-17 and IL-36α in palmoplantar psoriasis compared to other body sites may contribute to variable responses to targeted treatments. These findings suggest the potential for developing distinct biological treatments for these regions.

BACKGROUND:Lichen planus (LP) is an idiopathic, chronic, inflammatory dermatosis that can affect the skin, its appendages, and mucous membranes. Chronic inflammatory dermatoses may contribute to metabolic complications and increase cardiovascular risk. This study aimed to evaluate cardiovascular risk in patients with LP by assessing the Plasma Atherogenic Index (PAI) and Epicardial Adipose Tissue (EAT) thickness. METHODS:A case-control study was conducted, including a total of 150 individuals, comprising 75 patients with LP and 75 age-, sex-, and body mass index (BMI)-matched controls. Lipid profiles were analyzed, and the PAI (log10[triglycerides (TG)/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)]) was calculated. EAT thickness was measured using transthoracic echocardiography. RESULTS:In the study, 40% of participants were male and 60% female in both groups. Dyslipidemia was identified in 66.7% of the case group and 50.7% of the control group, with the presence of dyslipidemia being significantly higher in the LP group (p < 0.05). Among the cases, 82.7% were in the high, 6.7% in the moderate, and 10.7% in the low cardiovascular risk category. PAI values and mean EAT thickness were significantly higher in the LP group than in controls (both p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS:The findings support an association between LP and markers of increased subclinical cardiovascular risk rather than established cardiovascular disease. Early recognition and regular screening for cardiometabolic risk factors in dermatology practice, as well as multidisciplinary collaboration with cardiologists, may help prevent long-term cardiovascular complications in patients with LP.

BACKGROUND:Psoriasis is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease mediated by the immune system. Interleukin-23 (IL-23) plays a key role in its pathogenesis by amplifying inflammation, triggering atherogenic dyslipidemia and insulin resistance, and thereby increasing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risk. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the IL-23 inhibitors risankizumab and guselkumab, used in psoriasis treatment, on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risk through the plasma atherogenic index (PAI) and triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index. METHODS:This retrospective study included 110 patients diagnosed with psoriasis and treated with risankizumab (n = 61) or guselkumab (n = 49). Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) scores, triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) levels and fasting blood glucose (FBG) values at baseline and at 6 months of treatment were obtained from patient records. The plasma atherogenic index (PAI) was calculated as log₁。(TG/HDL-C), and the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index as log₁。(TG × FBG / 2). RESULTS:In both IL-23 inhibitor groups included in the study, PASI scores, PAI, and TyG index values showed a significant decrease from baseline at the 6th month of treatment (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the reduction of index levels between the groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION:IL-23 inhibitors can reduce atherogenic dyslipidemia and insulin resistance alongside dermatological improvement in the treatment of psoriasis. This suggests a potential role for these agents in reducing the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. However, large-scale, long-term studies are needed to confirm these beneficial effects.

Aim: Tzanck smear is a diagnostic tool where the structural characteristics of cells are examined under microscope after undergoing various staining procedures. It is a cost-effective and reliable application that aids clinicians in the diagnostic process in many fields, particularly dermatology. Bibliometric analysis is an methodology that visualizes study topics, authors, countries, and trends in a scientific field, accompanied by numerical data. This study presents a bibliometric analysis of the Tzanck smear literature. Materials and Methods: Web of Science database was used for literature search; VOSviewer and Biblioshiny software were preferred for bibliometric analysis. Results: According to the bibliometric data obtained, herpes and pemphigus group diseases have been the central focus of Tzanck smear studies. Recently, while these two topics have maintained their trend, there has been an increase in Tzanck smear publications related to the Monkeypox virus. The leading authors in terms of publication count are Durdu M, Seckin D, and Folkers E, while the most cited authors are Durdu M, Leonardi CL, and Nahass GT. The leading countries in publishing studies on Tzanck smear are the United States, India, and T & uuml;rkiye. Journals receiving the most publications and citations on Tzanck smear include the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, International Journal of Dermatology, Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Journal of the American Medical Association, and Archives of Dermatology. Conclusion: In this study, an attempt was made to create quantitative maps of studies conducted on the topic of Tzanck smear. This study fills an important gap in the literature by representing the first comprehensive bibliometric analysis specifically focused on the topic of Tzanck smear. A review of the literature shows that researchers, countries, and journals have demonstrated varying trends regarding Tzanck smear over the years. The statistical evaluation of these trends through bibliometric analysis can provide a roadmap for researchers planning to work on this topic when designing their studies.

AimThere is no marker that can predict whether there is resistance to treatment in patients with psoriasis. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the staining rates of TNF-alpha, IL-1, IL-12, IL-17, IL-23, and IL-36 markers immunohistochemically from cutaneous biopsy and the treatment success.MethodsThe patients who were followed up in the dermatology clinic with the diagnosis of plaque-type psoriasis vulgaris and received biological treatment and previously had cutaneous biopsy were included in the study. The cutaneous biopsies of the cases that met the conditions were re-sectioned and subjected to immunohistochemical examination for TNF-alpha, IL-1, IL-12, IL-17, IL-23, and IL-36.ResultsComparing the staining scores with psoriasis area severity index (PASI); A statistically significant positive correlation was found between PASI and TNF-alpha staining score (p = 0.034). A statistically significant positive correlation was found between PASI and IL-17 staining score (p = 0.004). When the staining scores and PASI response rates of psoriasis treatment were evaluated in terms of correlation; there was a positive correlation between TNF-alpha, IL-17, and IL-23 immunohistochemical staining rates and PASI response rates.ConclusionsIn line with the data obtained from our study, we think that making immunohistochemical scoring before the biological treatment decision in psoriasis patients will be beneficial in treatment selection. In this respect, our study may open a new era in the selection of biological treatments for psoriasis.

Methotrexate (MTX) is commonly used as first-line systemic treatment agent in psoriasis. We aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and treatment responses of patients with psoriasis undergoing MTX monotherapy. Data from adult patients with plaque psoriasis who received MTX monotherapy for at least 3 months between April 2012 and April 2022 were retrospectively evaluated in 19 tertiary care centers. Our study included 722 female and 799 male patients, a total of 1521 participants. The average age of the patients was 44.3 ± 15.5 years. Mode of treatment was oral in 20.4

Amaç: Direkt immünfloresan ve histopatolojik inceleme yapılan cilt/mukoza biyopsilerinin immünfloresan sonuçlarını, histomorfolojik bulgularını, ön tanılarıyla uyumunu karşılaştırmak ve immünfloresan incelemenin diagnostik rolünü değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır. Hastalar ve Yöntem: 01 Ocak 2019 – 31 Aralık 2019 tarihleri arasında patoloji laboratuvarına gönderilen toplam 207 hastanın biyopsileri değerlendirildi. Ön tanılara göre gruplar oluşturuldu, histolojik ve direkt immünfloresan bulgular kaydedildi. SPSS programında Kappa istatistikleri ve McNemar testi kullanıldı. P<0.05 istatistiksel olarak anlamlı kabul edildi. Bulgular: Direkt immünfloresan sonuçları 115 hastada negatif, 91 hastada pozitifti ve bir hastada değerlendirme yapılamamıştı. Büllöz pemfigoidli 44 hastanın 19’unda (%43,2), pemfiguslu 18 hastanın 10’unda (%55,6), lupus eritematozuslu 26/51 (%50,9), liken planuslu 10/15 (%66,7), Henoch Shönlein purpuralı 6/6 (%100), diğer vaskülitler için 37/62 (%59,7) hastada histopatolojik uyum izlenmiştir. Direkt immünfloresan pozitifliği büllöz pemfigoid için 19/19, pemfigus için 10/10, lupus eritematozus için 11/26, liken planus için 2/10, Henoch Shönlein purpurası için 6/6, diğer vaskülitler için 28/37 olguda saptanmıştır (κ = 0.021). Sonuç: İmmün aracılı dermatolojik hastalıkların tanısında ve vezikülobüllöz hastalıkların ayırıcı tanısında direkt immünfloresan inceleme, klinik ve histolojik bulgulara önemli ölçüde destek olmaktadır.

Objective: Vascular disorders severely impair the psycho-social status of individuals. Various laser and light systems, which have advantages and disadvantages, including the pro-yellow laser are used for the therapy of these disorders.Aim: The goal of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness and feasibility of the 577 nm pro-yellow laser for a broad range of indications including erythematelangiectatic rosacea, facial erythema, post-acne erythema, facial telangiectasis, hemangioma, genital angiokeratoma, and port wine stain nevus.Methods: A total of 98 patients (25 male, 73 female) older than 15 years who were treated with the pro-yellow laser for vascular disorders at the cosmetology unit between 2017 and 2019 were retrospectively included in the study.Results: The mean rate of recovery was 100% in genital angiokeratoma, 94.4% in spider angioma, 83.3% in facial telangiectasis, 74.8% in erythematotelangiectatic rosacea, 72% in facial erythema + facial telangiectasis, and 68.3% in facial erythema. Over 60% of improvement was observed in most patients with vascular disorders. There was no significant link between the Fitzpatrick skin type and treatment success. Treatment success was significantly low in cases with nasal involvement.Conclusion: The current study concluded that pro-yellow laser is an efficient and safe laser modality that may yield satisfactory outcomes regardless of the different skin types.

Background Elevated platelet count (PC), mean platelet volume (MPV), and Platelet Mass Index (PMI) are reported in patients with psoriasis, while platelet activation is associated with psoriasis severity. Available studies examining the relationship between platelet activation markers and psoriasis have mostly focused on psoriasis area severity index. To the best of our knowledge, there is no study examining the relationship between histopathological features of a single psoriatic plaque and platelet activation. The present study examined the relationship between histomorphological findings obtained by morphometric analysis and psoriasis patients' PC, MPV, and PMI values. Materials and Methods Morphometric analysis was performed on hematoxylin and eosin-stained preparations of skin biopsies to measure minimum suprapapillary epidermis thickness (SPETmin) and maximum epidermal thickness (ETmax), maximum suprapapillary keratosis thickness (SPKTmax), and maximum keratosis thickness (KTmax). The relationship between PC, MPV, PMI, and morphometric skin biopsy outcomes was evaluated. Results While an inverse correlation was found between SPETmin and PC and PMI in cases with psoriasis (p values = 0.015 and 0.005, r values = -0.238 and -0.271, respectively), no significant correlation was found between SPETmin and MPV (p value = 0.600, r value = -. 052). On the contrary, no significant correlation was found between SPKTmax, ETmax, and KTmax values and platelet parameters. Conclusion We assume that an increased risk of platelet activation-related diseases is expected in psoriasis patients displaying histopathological findings of suprapapillary thinning due to increased platelet activation; therefore, it may be beneficial to monitor these patients in terms of such risks.

Prurigo nodularis is a chronic skin disease, especially seen in middle-aged women adults. It is characterized by symmetric, pruritic hyperkeratotic nodules and papules on the extensor surfaces [1]. Prurigo nodularis patients can suffer from repeated itching and scratching cycles or intensive pruritus. The etiology of prurigo nodularis is not clear. The lesions can be seen primarily or be caused by another pruritic condition. The trigger can be other dermatoses such as atopic dermatitis or secondary pruritus due to another systemic disease such as chronic kidney disease, jaundice, malignancies, etc. The interaction between cutaneous nerve fibers and immune cells can play a crucial role in pathogenesis [2]. Treatment options for prurigo nodularis are limited by studies. Most of the studies aim at symptomatic relief of patients [3].

The relationship between the skin and the brain is based on their origin from the same ectodermal structure, as well as being affected by similar hormones and neurotransmitters. At this point, psychodermatology forms a common field of study based on the relationship and interaction between psychiatry and dermatology. Cosmetology is a special group within dermatology, and the psychosocial needs of this group differ. In this study, it was aimed to examine the moods such as anxiety, fear and depression experienced by the patients during their application to the cosmetology unit during the COVID-19 pandemic process and to compare them with the control group. A total of 162 cases, 80 cases from the cosmetology unit meeting the specified conditions and 82 cases as the control group, were retrospectively evaluated. In all participants, the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) scores decreased significantly compared to the beginning of the pandemic (P = .001). In the study, while depression (HAM-D) and general anxiety (HAM-A) were higher in the cosmetology group compared to the control group (P = .049 and P = .001, respectively), there was no difference in coronavirus anxiety scores (CAS) (P = .24). It should be known that patients who underwent cosmetological procedures during the pandemic period may have anxiety and depression. In this patient group, which requires a special psychodermatological approach, pandemic effects should also be considered. In patients who apply to cosmetology units during the pandemic period, attention should be paid to the relationship between surreal cosmetological process requests and their anxiety and depression state.

ENWEndNote BIBJabRef, Mendeley RISPapers, Reference Manager, RefWorks, Zotero AMA Durmaz K, Ataseven A, Ozer I, Kilinc F. Pigmented contact dermatitis development in a Sjögren’s syndrome patient. Dermatology Review/PrzeglÄ d Dermatologiczny. 2021;108(4):311-313. doi:10.5114/dr.2021.110741. APA Durmaz, K., Ataseven, A., Ozer, I., & Kilinc, F. (2021). Pigmented contact dermatitis development in a Sjögren’s syndrome patient. Dermatology Review/PrzeglÄ d Dermatologiczny, 108(4), 311-313. https://doi.org/10.5114/dr.2021.110741 Chicago Durmaz, Koray, Arzu Ataseven, Ilkay Ozer, and Fahriye Kilinc. 2021. "Pigmented contact dermatitis development in a Sjögren’s syndrome patient". Dermatology Review/PrzeglÄ d Dermatologiczny 108 (4): 311-313. doi:10.5114/dr.2021.110741. Harvard Durmaz, K., Ataseven, A., Ozer, I., and Kilinc, F. (2021). Pigmented contact dermatitis development in a Sjögren’s syndrome patient. Dermatology Review/PrzeglÄ d Dermatologiczny, 108(4), pp.311-313. https://doi.org/10.5114/dr.2021.110741 MLA Durmaz, Koray et al. "Pigmented contact dermatitis development in a Sjögren’s syndrome patient." Dermatology Review/PrzeglÄ d Dermatologiczny, vol. 108, no. 4, 2021, pp. 311-313. doi:10.5114/dr.2021.110741. Vancouver Durmaz K, Ataseven A, Ozer I, Kilinc F. Pigmented contact dermatitis development in a Sjögren’s syndrome patient. Dermatology Review/PrzeglÄ d Dermatologiczny. 2021;108(4):311-313. doi:10.5114/dr.2021.110741.

Background; Both herpetic pain and itching in shingles are two symptoms whose pathogenesis has not been elucidated, although they are thought to be due to nerve damage. These two symptoms are difficult to treat and negative impact quality of life. In addition, It is unclear which patient will have the symptoms of itching or pain. Vitamin B 12 is a neurotropic agent which is contributes to the treatment of nerve damage, and effective in treating neuropathic pain and itch. In this study we investigated that is relationship between vitamin B12 both herpetic pain and herpetic itch. Methods; In this study, we investigated the effect of vitamin B12 values on itching and pain symptoms that patients with shingles have in the acute period. Vitamin B 12 values of 53 adults with patients with shingles with herpetic pain or herpetic itching were recorded and compared with the control group. Results; We found that patients with herpetic pain had lower vitamin B12 values than the control group (p=0.046) and patients with herpetic itch (p=0.021). Vitamin B12 values of herpetic itch patients did not show significant difference from the control group (p=0.816). Conclusions; Although vitamin B12 deficiency plays a role in the etiology of herpetic pain, it has no effect on herpetic itching. Our study supports that the etiopathogenesis of HI is different from herpetic pain, and will help studies focusing on herpetic itching etiopathogenesis.

BACKGROUND:Behcet's disease is an inflammatory vasculitis, and pathergy reaction is a compulsory element of the diagnostic criteria. In the literature, there is no study comparing the histopathology of negative pathergy tests and positive pathergy tests in newly diagnosed Behcet's patients. The primary goal was to investigate the frequency of vasculitis, which is an important finding of Behcet's disease, in pathergy histopathology.METHODS:The histopathology of patients with positive and negative pathergy tests revealed vasculitis or vasculopathy. In histopathology, neutrophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils, and mast cells in the perivascular area were counted and recorded as a percentage.RESULTS:Of the 88 Behcet's patients who participated in the study, 45 were female and 43 were male. The rate of vasculitis in the histopathology of those who were positive for the pathergy test was not statistically different than those of those with negative pathergy tests (P = .14). In our study, although the relationship between the male gender and uveitis was significant at the border, and the relationship between pathergy positivity and uveitis was not found to be significant, a significant relationship was found between vasculitis in histopathology and uveitis (P = .023).CONCLUSIONS:Based on the results of our study, we think that a pathergy test of histopathology will contribute to the clinical diagnostic evaluation in cases with suspicious clinical pathergy tests and especially in cases with negative pathergy tests.

Amaç: Pediatrik yaş dönemi nevogenez için dinamik bir yapıya sahip olup nevus gelişimi için önemli ip uçlarını bünyesinde barındırmaktadır.Bu çalışmada pediatrik yaş grubunda kazanılmış melanositik nevuslerin dermoskopik patern ve pigment ağ yapıları incelenerek banal ve atipik yapılı nevusların tanınmasına katkı sağlanması

Objective: Seborrheic dermatitis is common in the 14-50 age group, especially the adolescent age group. It was determined that the ratio of finger lengths did not change in the adult period after being determined in the intrauterine period. At the same time, the ratio of the index finger length to the ring finger length (2D:4D) is opposite to that of the serum testosterone. Based on this two basic knowledge, the intrauterine hormonal effect that an individual has been exposed to at any age can be determined. In our study, it was aimed to investigate the relationship between 2D:4D finger length ratio, which is an indicator of intrauterine androgen exposure, and seborrheic dermatitis, in which androgens are accused in etiology. Materials and Methods: Our study was planned as a descriptive and cross-sectional study among patients who applied to the dermatology outpatient clinic. Seborrheic dermatitis cases and age- and gender-matched healthy volunteers who applied to the dermatology outpatient clinic without seborrheic dermatitis were included in the study. Results: In the evaluation made separately for both sexes; while it was observed that both females and males with seborrheic dermatitis group had a lower 2D:4D finger length ratio compared to the control group, this was only significant in the left 2D:4D finger length ratio in males. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, there is no study in both sexes that evaluate the relationship between seborrheic dermatitis and 2D:4D finger length ratio in the literature. Our findings support the idea that intrauterine androgen exposure may be effective in the development of seborrheic dermatitis, and larger studies are needed.

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that negatively affects the quality of life with remissions and relapses. Smoking, which is known to accelerate the development of comorbidities that can accompany psoriasis such as atherosclerotic heart disease, metabolic syndrome, is also an independent risk factor for psoriasis. In our study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between smoking and psoriasis. The study included a total of 476 participants with 276 psoriasis patients and 200 healthy volunteers. One hundred and thirty-nine (69.5%) cases in the psoriasis group and 61 (30.5%) cases in the control group were smoking. Patients with psoriasis had more cigarette smoking than the control group (P < .001). Smoking was present in 100 cases (61%) of 164 cases with nail psoriasis and psoriatic nail was significantly more frequently observed in patients with psoriasis when smoking was present (P < .001). It was observed that systemic treatment requirements were higher in smoking psoriasis patients (P= .04). It is known that cigarette use increases in patients with psoriasis compared to the normal population, and cigarette use also increases the psoriasis area severity index (PASI). In our study, a significant relationship was found between smoking and psoriasis nail involvement first in the literature. Furthermore, the need for systemic treatment was higher in smokers.