One-prong τ decays into (cid:12)nal states involving kaons are studied with about 161k τ + τ − events collected by the ALEPH detector from 1991 to 1995. Charged kaons are identi(cid:12)ed by dE/dx measurement, while K 0 L ’s are detected through their interaction in calorimeters. Branching ratios are measured for the inclusive mode, B ( τ − ! K − Xν τ ) = (1 . 52 (cid:6) 0 . 04 (cid:6) 0 . 04)%, where X can be any system of neutral particles, and for the exclusive modes

A search is conducted for a low-mass charged Higgs boson produced in a top quark decay and subsequently decaying into a charm and a strange quark. The data sample was recorded in proton-proton collisions at $\\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV by the CMS experiment at the LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{-1}$. The search is performed in the process of top quark pair production, where one top quark decays to a bottom quark and a charged Higgs boson, and the other to a bottom quark and a W boson. With the W boson decaying to a charged lepton (electron or muon) and a neutrino, the final state comprises an isolated lepton, missing transverse momentum, and at least four jets, of which two are tagged as b jets. To enhance the search sensitivity, one of the jets originating from the charged Higgs boson is required to satisfy a charm tagging selection. No significant excess beyond standard model predictions is found in the dijet invariant mass distribution. An upper limit in the range 1.68-0.25% is set on the branching fraction of the top quark decay to the charged Higgs boson and bottom quark for a charged Higgs boson mass between 80 and 160 GeV.

Searches for supersymmetric particles produced in e + e (cid:0) collisions at centre-of-mass energies of 130 and 136 GeV have been performed in a data sample of 5.7 pb (cid:0) 1 collected in the autumn of 1995 by the ALEPH detector at LEP. No candidate events were found, allowing limits to be set on the masses and production cross-sections of scalar leptons, scalar tops, charginos and neutralinos. The domains previously excluded at LEP1 are substantially extended. For instance, masses of gaugino-like charginos smaller than 67.8 GeV/ c 2 are excluded at the 95% C.L. for scalar neutrino masses larger than 200 GeV/ c 2 . (Submitted Letters

A new tracking system is under development for operation in the CMS experiment at the High Luminosity LHC. It includes an outer tracker which will construct stubs, built by correlating clusters in two closely spaced sensor layers for the rejection of hits from low transverse momentum tracks, and transmit them off-detector at 40 MHz. If tracker data is to contribute to keeping the Level-1 trigger rate at around 750 kHz under increased luminosity, a crucial component of the upgrade will be the ability to identify tracks with transverse momentum above 3 GeV/c by building tracks out of stubs. A concept for an FPGA-based track finder using a fully time-multiplexed architecture is presented, where track candidates are identified using a projective binning algorithm based on the Hough Transform. A hardware system based on the MP7 MicroTCA processing card has been assembled, demonstrating a realistic slice of the track finder in order to help gauge the performance and requirements for a full system. This paper outlines the system architecture and algorithms employed, highlighting some of the first results from the hardware demonstrator and discusses the prospects and performance of the completed track finder.

A new CMS Tracker is under development for operation at the High Luminosity LHC from 2025. It includes an outer tracker based on PT-modules which will construct tracker stubs, built by correlating clusters in two closely spaced sensor layers for the rejection of low transverse momentum track hits, and transmit them off-detector at 40MHz. If tracker data is to contribute to maintaining the Level1 trigger rate under increased luminosity, a crucial component of the upgrade will be the ability to identify tracks with transverse momentum above 3GeV/c by building tracks out of stubs. A concept for an FPGA-based track finder using a fully time-multiplexed spatially pipelined architecture is presented, where track candidates are identified using a projective binning algorithm. Results from a hardware demonstrator system, where a slice of the track trigger will be constructed to help gauge the performance and requirements for a full system, will be included. Presented at IEEE-RT2016 IEEE-NPSS Real Time Conference (RT) An FPGA-Based Track Finder for the L1 Trigger of the CMS Experiment at the High Luminosity LHC C. Amstutz, F. A. Ball, M. N. Balzer, J. Brooke, L. Calligaris, D. Cieri, E. J. Clement, G. Hall, T. R. Harbaum, K. Harder, P. R. Hobson, G. M. Iles, T. James, K. Manolopoulos, T. Matsushita, A. D. Morton, D. Newbold, S. Paramesvaran, M. Pesaresi, I. D. Reid, A. W. Rose, O. Sander, T. Schuh, C. Shepherd-Themistocleous, A. Shtipliyski, S. P. Summers, A. Tapper, I. Tomalin, K. Uchida, P. Vichoudis, M. Weber for the CMS Collaboration Abstract—A new tracking system is under development for operation in the CMS experiment at the High Luminosity LHC. It includes an outer tracker which will construct stubs, built by correlating clusters in two closely spaced sensor layers for the rejection of hits from low transverse momentum tracks, and transmit them off-detector at 40 MHz. If tracker data is to contribute to keeping the Level-1 trigger rate at around 750 kHz under increased luminosity, a crucial component of the upgrade will be the ability to identify tracks with transverse momentum above 3 GeV/c by building tracks out of stubs. A concept for an FPGA-based track finder using a fully time-multiplexed architecture is presented, where track candidates are identified using a projective binning algorithm based on the Hough Transform. A hardware system based on the MP7 MicroTCA processing card has been assembled, demonstrating a realistic slice of the track finder in order to help gauge the performance and requirements for a full system. This paper outlines the system architecture and algorithms employed, highlighting some of the first results from the hardware demonstrator and discusses the prospects and performance of the completed track finder.A new tracking system is under development for operation in the CMS experiment at the High Luminosity LHC. It includes an outer tracker which will construct stubs, built by correlating clusters in two closely spaced sensor layers for the rejection of hits from low transverse momentum tracks, and transmit them off-detector at 40 MHz. If tracker data is to contribute to keeping the Level-1 trigger rate at around 750 kHz under increased luminosity, a crucial component of the upgrade will be the ability to identify tracks with transverse momentum above 3 GeV/c by building tracks out of stubs. A concept for an FPGA-based track finder using a fully time-multiplexed architecture is presented, where track candidates are identified using a projective binning algorithm based on the Hough Transform. A hardware system based on the MP7 MicroTCA processing card has been assembled, demonstrating a realistic slice of the track finder in order to help gauge the performance and requirements for a full system. This paper outlines the system architecture and algorithms employed, highlighting some of the first results from the hardware demonstrator and discusses the prospects and performance of the completed track finder. I. THE HIGH-LUMINOSITY LARGE HADRON COLLIDER IN order to fully exploit the scientific potential of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) [1], it is planned to operate the machine at a luminosity up to one order of magnitude above nominal design performance. The High-Luminosity LHC (HLLHC) upgrade [2] is expected to take place during a 30 month shut-down around 2024, facilitating a peak luminosity of 5−7.5×10 cm−2 s−1, corresponding to an average number of proton-proton interactions per 40 MHz bunch crossing, or Manuscript received May 31, 2016. G. Hall, G. M. Iles, T. James, M. Pesaresi, A. W. Rose, A. Shtipliyski, S. P. Summers, A. Tapper, K. Uchida are with Imperial College, London. (GB) L. Calligaris, D. Cieri, K. Harder, K. Manolopoulos, C. ShepherdThemistocleous, I. Tomalin are with STFC Rutherford Appleton Lab. (GB) C. Amstutz, M. N. Balzer, T. R. Harbaum, O. Sander, T. Schuh, M. Weber are with KIT Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE) F. A. Ball, J. Brooke, E. J. Clement, D. Newbold, S. Paramesvaran are with the University of Bristol (GB) T. Matsushita is with the Austrian Academy of Science (AT) P. Hobson, A. Morton, I. Reid are with Brunel University London (GB) P. Vichoudis is with CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research This work was supported in part by the the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council. We gratefully acknowledge their support. The research leading to these results has received funding from the People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme FP7/2007-2013/ under REA grant agreement nr. 317446 INFIERI ’INtelligent Fast Interconnected and Efficient Devices for Frontier Exploitation in Research and Industry’ Fig. 1. Overview of the CMS detector, as a transverse slice through the barrel [3]. pileup (PU), of 140 to 200. With a targeted total integrated luminosity of 3000 fb−1 the HL-LHC will enable precision Higgs measurements, searches for rare processes that may deviate from the Standard Model and further increase the high mass and low cross-section observation limits into the multiTeV regime. II. THE COMPACT MUON SOLENOID OUTER TRACKER UPGRADE The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) is a large, general purpose particle detector at the LHC, designed to investigate a wide range of physics phenomena. It consists of a set of sub-detectors, including the tracking system, surrounding the interaction point, as shown in Fig. 1. A more detailed description of the CMS detector, together with a definition of the coordinate system used and the relevant kinematic variables, can be found in [3]. The complete replacement of the CMS tracker will be necessary during the shut-down preceding the HL-LHC, primarily due to the expected radiation damage of the silicon sensors following ∼ 15 years of operation. The HL-LHC environment will additionally provide a significant challenge for the new tracker [4]. It must maintain a high track reconstruction efficiency and a low misidentification rate under increased pileup conditions. To achieve this the occupancy must be kept at or below the 1% level throughout, requiring an increase in granularity. As a result of increased exposure, the radiation hardness of the tracker must also be improved. 978-1-5090-2014-0/16/$31.00 ©2016 IEEE Fig. 2. Cluster matching in pT-modules. Correlating closely spaced clusters between two sensor layers, separated by a few mm, allows discrimination of transverse momentum based on the particle bend in the CMS magnetic field. Only tracks with pT > 2− 3 GeV/c are transferred to the L1 trigger. The Level-1 (L1) trigger is an event selection system based on custom electronics that uses coarse grained information from the calorimeter and muon sub-detectors to reject events that are not interesting for subsequent physics analysis. Under HL-LHC conditions, increasing the transverse momentum (pT) or transverse energy (ET) thresholds at the L1 trigger would not reduce the rate sufficiently without losses of potentially interesting events, unless some tracking information could be provided to the system. Track-based information would be able to reduce the trigger rate at L1 by validating trigger objects, for example in providing an improved pT assignment to muon triggers which are a major cause of high background rates under increased pileup. However, it is not practical to transfer all tracking data to the L1 trigger. A novel design has therefore been proposed for the outer tracker upgrade, which allows a limited amount of tracking information to be sent to the L1 trigger. The proposed solution [5], [6] utilises two sensors, closely separated (by order millimetres) in the track direction, to discriminate on track pT based on its local bend within the 3.8 T magnetic field, see Fig. 2. Within these pT-modules, charged particles will produce stubs, correlated pairs of clusters, if they are consistent with tracks of transverse momenta greater than a configurable threshold (typically 2-3 GeV/c). In a typical event approximately 98% of charged particles have a pT < 2 GeV/c and these are not considered to be useful for event selection at L1. Therefore by transferring only the stubs to the L1 trigger it is expected that a rate reduction of ∼ 10 is achievable [7], [8] enabling the use of lower bandwidth and lower power optical links for transmission off-detector. Two pT-modules are in development for the tracker upgrade, 2S strip-strip modules, and PS pixel-strip modules, see Fig. 3. The 2S modules are designed to be used at radii r > 60 cm from the beam axis, where the hit occupancies are lower. Both upper and lower sensors consist of ∼ 10 cm×10 cm silicon strip sensors, with a pitch of 90μm in r-φ and 5 cm in z. The PS modules will be used at radii 20 < r < 60 cm where the occupancies are highest. These consist of an upper silicon strip sensor and a lower pixelated sensor, both of dimension Fig. 3. The 2S module (left) and PS module (right), described in the text. z [mm] 0 50

The CMS collaboration is preparing a major upgrade of its detector, so it can operate during the high luminosity run of the LHC from 2026. The upgraded tracker electronics will reconstruct the trajectories of charged particles within a latency of a few microseconds, so that they can be used by the level-1 trigger. An emulation framework, CIDAF, has been developed to provide a reference for a proposed FPGA-based implementation of this track finder, which employs a Time-Multiplexed (TM) technique for data processing.

We present a collection of signatures for physics beyond the standard model that need to be explored at the LHC. First, are presented various tools developed to measure new particle masses in scenarios where all decays include an unobservable particle. Second, various aspects of supersymmetric models are discussed. Third, some signatures of models of strong electroweak symmetry are discussed. In the fourth part, a special attention is devoted to high mass resonances, as the ones appearing in models with warped extra dimensions. Finally, prospects for models with a hidden sector/valley are presented. Our report, which includes brief experimental and theoretical reviews as well as original results, summarizes the activities of the "New Physics" working group for the "Physics at TeV Colliders" workshop (Les Houches, France, 8-26 June, 2009).

The results of the CMS tracker alignment analysis are presented using the data from cosmic tracks, optical survey information, and the laser alignment system at the Tracker Integration Facility at CERN. During several months of operation in the spring and summer of 2007, about five million cosmic track events were collected with a partially active CMS Tracker. This allowed us to perform first alignment of the active silicon modules with the cosmic tracks using three different statistical approaches; validate the survey and laser alignment system performance; and test the stability of Tracker structures under various stresses and temperatures ranging from +15 °C to −15 °C. Comparison with simulation shows that the achieved alignment precision in the barrel part of the tracker leads to residual distributions similar to those obtained with a random misalignment of 50 (80) μm RMS in the outer (inner) part of the barrel.

In March 2007 the assembly of the Silicon Strip Tracker was completed at the Tracker Integration Facility at CERN. Nearly 15% of the detector was instrumented using cables, fiber optics, power supplies, and electronics intended for the operation at the LHC. A local chiller was used to circulate the coolant for low temperature operation. In order to understand the efficiency and alignment of the strip tracker modules, a cosmic ray trigger was implemented. From March through July 4.5 million triggers were recorded. This period, referred to as the Sector Test, provided practical experience with the operation of the Tracker, especially safety, data acquisition, power, and cooling systems. This paper describes the performance of the strip system during the Sector Test, which consisted of five distinct periods defined by the coolant temperature. Significant emphasis is placed on comparisons between the data and results from Monte Carlo studies.

The subsystems of the CMS silicon strip tracker were integrated and commissioned at the Tracker Integration Facility (TIF) in the period from November 2006 to July 2007. As part of the commissioning, large samples of cosmic ray data were recorded under various running conditions in the absence of a magnetic field. Cosmic rays detected by scintillation counters were used to trigger the readout of up to 15% of the final silicon strip detector, and over 4.7 million events were recorded. This document describes the cosmic track reconstruction and presents results on the performance of track and hit reconstruction as from dedicated analyses.

During summer 2006 a fraction of the CMS silicon strip tracker was operated in a comprehensive slice test called the Magnet Test and Cosmic Challenge (MTCC). At the MTCC, cosmic rays detected in the muon chambers were used to trigger the readout of all CMS sub-detectors in the general data acquisition system and in the presence of the 4 T magnetic field produced by the CMS superconducting solenoid. This document describes the operation of the Tracker hardware and software prior, during and after data taking. The performance of the detector as resulting from the MTCC data analysis is also presented.

Inelastic nuclear collisions of hadrons incident on silicon sensors can generate secondary highly ionising particles (HIPs) and deposit as much energy within the sensor bulk as several hundred minimum ionising particles. The large signals generated by these 'HIP events' can momentarily saturate the APV25 front-end readout chip for the silicon strip tracker (SST) sub-detector of the compact muon solenoid (CMS) experiment, resulting in deadtime in the detector readout system. This paper presents studies of this phenomenon through simulation, laboratory measurements and dedicated beam tests. A proposed change to a front-end component to reduce the APV25 sensitivity to HIP events is also examined. The results are used to infer the expected effect on the performance of the CMS SST at the future large hadron collider. The induced inefficiencies are at the percent level and will have a negligible effect on the physics performance of the SST.

The sample of hadronic Z decays collected by the Aleph detector at Lep in the years 1991-1995 is analysed in order to measure the forward-backward asymmetry in Z → bb̄ and Z → cc̄ events and the B0−B̄0 average mixing parameter χ̄. Quark charges are tagged by the charges of electrons and muons produced in b and c semileptonic decays. Multivariate analyses are used to separate the event flavours and b → /b → c → processes. The b and c quark asymmetries are measured simultaneously; the average mixing parameter and the pole asymmetries are determined to be χ̄ = 0.1196 ± 0.0049 (stat.) +0.0043 −0.0050 (syst.), A FB = 0.0998 ± 0.0040 (stat.) ± 0.0017 (syst.), A FB = 0.0732 ± 0.0053 (stat.) ± 0.0037 (syst.). These asymmetries, combined with the Aleph measurements of the b asymmetry using inclusive b hadron decays and of the c asymmetry using reconstructed D mesons, correspond to a value of the effective electroweak mixing angle of sinθ W = 0.23188 ± 0.00046. 1 Also at CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland 2 Now at Université de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland 3 Also at Dipartimento di Fisica di Catania and INFN Sezione di Catania, 95129 Catania, Italy 4 Deceased 5 Also Istituto di Cosmo-Geofisica del C.N.R., Torino, Italy 6 Now at Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, Universität Karlsruhe, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany 7 Supported by CICYT, Spain 8 Supported by the National Science Foundation of China 9 Supported by the Danish Natural Science Research Council 10 Supported by the UK Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council 11 Supported by the US Department of Energy, grant DEFG0295-ER40896 12 Now at Departement de Physique Corpusculaire, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland 13 Supported by the US Department of Energy, grant DEFG03-92ER40689 14 Also at Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, UK 15 Permanent address: Universitat de Barcelona, 08208 Barcelona, Spain 16 Supported by the Bundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft, Forschung und Technologie, Germany 17 Supported by the Direction des Sciences de la Matière, C.E.A 18 Supported by the Austrian Ministry for Science and Transport 19 Now at SAP AG, 69185 Walldorf, Germany 20 Also at Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, The People’s Republic of China 21 Now at Département de Physique, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, 1060 Le Belvédère, Tunisia 22 Now at Groupe d’Astroparticules de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier II, 34095, Montpellier, France 23 Also at Dipartimento di Fisica e Tecnologie Relative, Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy 24 Now at CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland 25 Now at SLAC, Stanford, CA 94309, USA 26 Now at INFN Sezione di Roma II, Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy 27 Now at LBNL, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA 28 Now at Skyguide, Swissair Navigation Services, Geneva,

Study of τ decays involving kaons, spectral functions and determination of the strange quark mass The ALEPH Collaboration Abstract All ALEPH measurements of branching ratios of τ decays involving kaons are summarized including a combination of results obtained with K 0 S and K 0 L detection. The decay dynamics are studied, leading to the determination of contributions from vector K * (892) and K * (1410), and axial-vector K 1 (1270) and K 1 (1400) resonances. Agreement with isospin symmetry is observed among the different final states. Under the hypothesis of the conserved vector current, the spectral function for the KKπ mode is compared with the corresponding cross section for low energy e + e − annihilation, yielding an axial-vector fraction of (94 +6 −8)% for this mode. The branching ratio for τ decay into all strange final states is determined to be B(τ − → X − (S = −1)ν τ) = (28.7 ± 1.2) × 10 −3. The measured mass spectra of the strange τ decay modes are exploited to derive the S = −1 spectral function. A combination of strange and nonstrange spectral functions is used to determine the strange quark mass and nonperturbative contributions to the strange hadronic width. A method is developed to avoid the bad convergence of the spin zero hadronic component, with the result m s (M 2 τ) = (176 +46 −57) MeV/c 2. The evolution down to 1 GeV gives m s (1 GeV 2) = (234 +61 −76) MeV/c 2 .

Single W production is studied in the data recorded with the ALEPH detector at LEP at centre-of-mass energies between 161 and 183 GeV. The cross section is measured to be (cid:27) W = 0 : 41 (cid:6) 0 : 17(stat : ) (cid:6) 0 : 04(syst : ) pb at 183 GeV, consistent with the Standard Model expectation. Limits on non-standard WW γ couplings are deduced as − 1 : 6 < (cid:20) γ < 1 : 5 ( (cid:21) γ = 0) and − 1 : 6 < (cid:21) γ < 1 : 6 ( (cid:20) γ = 1) at 95% C.L. A search for e(cid:11)ectively invisible decays of the W boson in W pair production is performed, leading to an upper limit on the branching ratio of 1.3% (Γ inv = 27 MeV) at 95% C.L.

In a data sample of 78.3 pb − 1 collected in 1996 and 1997 by the ALEPH detector at centre-of-mass energies from 161 to 184 GeV, invisible decays of a Higgs boson have been searched for in the reaction e + e − ! hZ, where the Z can decay into e + e − , µ + µ − or q(cid:22)q. No evidence for a signal is found and limits on the production cross section are derived as a function of the Higgs boson mass. These results are combined with those obtained in an update of the analyses of the ALEPH data taken at LEP 1. For a production cross section equal to that of the minimal standard model Higgs boson, masses below 80 GeV/ c 2 are excluded at 95% C.L. (Submitted to Physics Letters)