Abstract: Children delivered packages as bicycle messengers throughout the United States during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. In no city was this more predominant than in Washington, D.C. There, due to a lack of local political control, children worked in a relatively unregulated labor environment. Often as independent contractors, child messengers in Washington experienced dangerous working conditions, made very little money, and were exposed to vice. Like other child laborers of this era, Progressive Era reformers turned their attention to child couriers in the District. Organizations like the National Child Labor Committee, in their effort to work on behalf of child welfare, placed the protection of childhood innocence at the center of their agenda. In the process, they centered the protection of white children in the the District. Washington, D.C., with its unique local political structure and its heavy reliance upon bicycle messengers at the turn of the twentieth century, provides a unique window into this particular aspect of child labor history.

Journal Article Inappropriation: The Contested Legacy of Y-Indian Guides Get access Inappropriation: The Contested Legacy of Y-Indian Guides. By Paul Hillmer and Ryan Bean. (Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 2023. xiv, 255 pp. $35.00.) John Bloom John Bloom Shippensburg University, Shippensburg, Pennsylvania Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of American History, Volume 111, Issue 1, June 2024, Page 185, https://doi.org/10.1093/jahist/jaae069 Published: 01 June 2024

Peace & ChangeEarly View BOOK REVIEW Derek Charles Catsam. Flashpoint: How a Little-Known Sporting Event Fueled America's Anti-Apartheid Movement. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2021 John Bloom, Corresponding Author John Bloom [email protected] Shippensburg University, Shippensburg, Pennsylvania, USASearch for more papers by this author John Bloom, Corresponding Author John Bloom [email protected] Shippensburg University, Shippensburg, Pennsylvania, USASearch for more papers by this author First published: 24 January 2023 https://doi.org/10.1111/pech.12584Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Early ViewOnline Version of Record before inclusion in an issue RelatedInformation

Recent scholars and journalists who have explored Indigenous American sports have tended to focus upon the experiences and performances of athletes in modern European or European American institutions. A century earlier, journalists and ethnologists chronicled their observations of Native American sports in ways that often isolated such activities from the modern world, attempting to document the last vestiges of “dying” civilizations. As suggested by the subtitle of his book, historian Matthew Sakiestewa Gilbert introduces a new, complex picture of an Indigenous sports tradition in Hopi Runners: Crossing the Terrain between Indian and American. Gilbert, who is Hopi himself, delves into the social contexts, histories, philosophies, and rituals that the Hopi have long associated with running. At the same time, he discusses how Hopi runners have translated these traditions into athletic performances and sports cultures dominated by an emphasis upon timed competitions, awards, and media coverage. The result is a nuanced, original contribution to scholarship on Indigenous American athletics and the cultural politics of sports.

On August 11, 1972, District of Columbia police shot and killed Gregory Coleman, an African American teenager riding a bicycle that they had planted in front of a grocery store as part of a "bicycle stakeout" sting operation. At his memorial service a little over a week later, Gregory's father, Lancelot Coleman, said, "The whole thing was senseless that my son had to die for a lousy bike." Coleman's death foreshadowed a half-century of escalating law-and-order policies established across the United States for which African American youths would experience the most severe of consequences. Bicycling was implicated in these trends. Officers used mandatory bicycle registration and bicycle stakeouts to patrol racial boundaries in a city where the majority of the population was African American. As a vehicle for physical mobility and a source of play for young people during an era of intense federal attention to juvenile delinquency, the bicycle became a fulcrum for efforts to maintain segregated public spaces in the District.

Introduction Most sources of information on Native American history provide very limited information on sports.1 In fact, most of what academics, journalists, or bloggers recently have written about Native Americans and sports has to do with demeaning images of Indigenous people that sports mascots often communicate. Much of the scholarship on this topic is excellent.2 Indeed, teams such as the National Football League franchise in Washington, DC, defiantly continue to brand their products with extremely offensive nicknames and imagery, despite repeated objections and pleas by Native American activists to remove the monikers. As important as it is to critically examine demeaning appropriations of Native American imagery, an exclusive focus on this topic can tend to overshadow other, more complex and dynamic stories of Indigenous Americans as actors within their own sports histories. Native people of the Western Hemisphere have a sports heritage that dates back over the course of centuries, and is, in many respects, far older than that which European Americans "introduced" to Indigenous societies in the late nineteenth century. Indigenous sports cultures continue to thrive in the Americas in ways that are vibrant, creative, and sovereign.

"The Rise of the National Basketball Association. By David George Surdam. (Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 2012. Pp. viii, 247. $25.00.)." The Historian, 76(3), pp. 608–609

"Tippecanoe and Tyler Too: Famous Slogans and Catchphrases in American History. By Jan R. Van meter. (Chicago, Ill.: University of Chicago Press, 2008. Pp. ix, 320. $22.50.)." The Historian, 73(1), pp. 163–164