Clinical and Experimental DermatologyVolume 47, Issue 2 p. 409-410 Letter to the Editor Purposeful inclusion of skin of colour in published literature for improved dermatology education: a call to action B. N. Wilson, B. N. Wilson Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USASearch for more papers by this authorM. Sun, M. Sun orcid.org/0000-0003-3964-3858 Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USASearch for more papers by this authorR. Shah, Corresponding Author R. Shah rs1520@njms.rutgers.edu Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USASearch for more papers by this authorD. F. Murrell, D. F. Murrell Department of Dermatology, The George Institute of Global Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia Department of Dermatology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this authorJ. E. Murase, J. E. Murase Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA Department of Dermatology, Palo Alto Foundation Medical Group, Mountain View, CA, USASearch for more papers by this author B. N. Wilson, B. N. Wilson Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USASearch for more papers by this authorM. Sun, M. Sun orcid.org/0000-0003-3964-3858 Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USASearch for more papers by this authorR. Shah, Corresponding Author R. Shah rs1520@njms.rutgers.edu Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USASearch for more papers by this authorD. F. Murrell, D. F. Murrell Department of Dermatology, The George Institute of Global Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia Department of Dermatology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this authorJ. E. Murase, J. E. Murase Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA Department of Dermatology, Palo Alto Foundation Medical Group, Mountain View, CA, USASearch for more papers by this author First published: 30 June 2021 https://doi.org/10.1111/ced.14821Citations: 1 Conflict of interest: the authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. DFM and JEM contributed equally to this work and should be considered joint senior authors. Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume47, Issue2February 2022Pages 409-410 RelatedInformation

A man in his 90's with severe generalized pruritus that wakes him from sleep every 2-3 hours. A woman in her 70's with constant, unrelenting itch despite a decade of diagnoses and failed treatments. These and other presentations of chronic pruritic eruptions in older adults are all too familiar in the field of dermatology. In fact, it is estimated that nearly half of all adults over the age of 60 have age-related pruritus.

INTRODUCTION:Keratinocyte carcinoma (KC) is the most common malignancy in the United States. The two most common forms of KC are basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), which account for 80% and 20% of cases, respectively.OBJECTIVE:There are many well-established risk factors for KC, but a more controversial risk factor for KC development is menopausal hormone therapy (MHT). This review synthesizes existing information on this topic and identifies knowledge gaps for future study.METHODS:A systematic review of the literature using the Medical Subject Headings terms "menopausal hormone therapy; skin neoplasms" was conducted in the PubMed database from March 19, 2018 to April 1, 2018. This yielded 168 articles, case reports, and reviews, which were further refined for inclusion during the development of this manuscript. Additional articles were identified from cited references.RESULTS:Four studies pertaining to this topic were identified. The results were evaluated in the context of these studies' strengths and weaknesses. MHT contributes to an increased risk of basal cell carcinoma in Caucasian subjects and may make these tumors histologically more aggressive. There is not enough evidence to make a conclusion with regard to a potential relationship between MHT and SCC. However, one study suggested an increased risk of SCC with MHT use and another demonstrated a temporal association with prolonged MHT use and increased risk of SCC development.CONCLUSION:Ever users of MHT should be screened more frequently for KC. This issue is of importance to dermatologists because patients who receive earlier diagnoses of KC will have a better opportunity to pursue treatment.

Chronic anogenital pruritus can significantly impair affected patients’ quality of life by disrupting their sleep, mood, sexual function, and personal relationships. Although a significant portion of these patients can be managed with hygiene measures, topical therapy, oral anti-pruritics, and allergen avoidance after patch testing, guidelines to treat patients who do not respond to standard therapy have yet to be established. We describe the therapeutic response of a case of anogenital pruritus recalcitrant to multiple topical and systemic therapies. Treatment of this patient with dupilumab, an interleukin-4 receptor alpha blocker, resulted in clinical remission at 1 year from the initiation of the therapy, without significant adverse effects.

Hormone-based therapies including combined oral contraceptive medications and spironolactone are considered effective therapies to treat adult acne in women. Our objective is to provide a concise and comprehensive overview of the types of hormonal therapy that are available to treat acne and comment on their efficacy and safety profiles for clinical practice. A systematic search using the PubMed Database was conducted to yield 36 relevant studies for inclusion in the review and several conclusions were drawn from the literature. Treatment with oral contraceptive pills leads to significant reductions in lesion counts across all lesion types compared with placebo. There were no consistent differences in efficacy between the different combined oral contraceptive formulations. In terms of risk, oral contraceptive pill users had three-times increased odds of venous thromboembolism versus non-users according to a recent meta-analysis (95% confidence interval 2.46-2.59). Data on oral contraceptive pill use and breast cancer risk are conflicting but individual patient risk factors and histories should be discussed and considered when prescribing these medications. However, use of these medications does confer measurable protection from endometrial and ovarian cancer. Spironolactone was also shown to be an effective alternative treatment with good tolerability. Combined oral contraceptive medications and spironolactone as adjuvant and monotherapies are safe and effective to treat women with adult acne. However, appropriate clinical examinations, screening, and individual risk assessments particularly for venous thromboembolism risk must be conducted prior to initiating therapy.

Phototherapy is a mainstay of vitiligo treatment and has varying rates of efficacy. Narrowband ultraviolet (UV) B (NB-UVB) and UVA have been used for decades, but it is only recently that monochromatic excimer light (MEL) was developed for use in dermatology and adapted for the treatment of vitiligo. The specific 308-nm radiation wavelength is delivered in a targeted form by the xenon-chloride excimer laser and is also available in an incoherent form that is commonly referred to as the excimer lamp. MEL administered by both laser and lamp has shown efficacy superior to NB-UVB for the treatment of vitiligo and induces more changes at the cellular level than conventional UVB modalities. The excimer laser is effective in adults and children with vitiligo in all skin types as monotherapy or in combination with other established vitiligo therapeutics. Treatment regimens studied included excimer laser two to three times weekly for up to 36 weeks. Patients commonly achieved > 75% repigmentation. The laser has also been used in combination with topical corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors and vitamin D analogues, as well as surgery, thus further expanding treatment options for patients with vitiligo. The excimer lamp has been used for treatments one to three times a week for up to 24 weeks and was found to be equal to excimer laser in a head-to-head comparison. It has also been used in combination with topical corticosteroids and oral vitamin E. Both MEL modalities have a limited adverse side-effect profile. Long-term effects are yet to be determined; however, based on available data on UVB phototherapy as well as the properties of MEL devices, there is probably only a minimal increased malignancy risk.

Chrysiasis is the phenomenon of bluish to slategray skin pigmentation induced by prolonged treatment with gold salts. The most common etiology is the administration of gold salts to patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Although parental gold salt administration is now uncommon because of the availability of biologic agents and disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, chrysiasis may still be seen because this condition can develop decades after discontinuing gold salts. Discoloration can persist for a lifetime.

Clinical and Experimental DermatologyVolume 33, Issue 4 p. 529-530 Cutaneous horn on the finger L. L. Aquino, L. L. Aquino Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, and *Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, and Palo Alto Foundation Medical Group, Mountain View, CA, USASearch for more papers by this authorJ. J. Wu, J. J. Wu Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, and *Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, and Palo Alto Foundation Medical Group, Mountain View, CA, USASearch for more papers by this authorJ. E. Murase, J. E. Murase Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, and *Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, and Palo Alto Foundation Medical Group, Mountain View, CA, USASearch for more papers by this authorS. W. Dyson, S. W. Dyson Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, and *Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, and Palo Alto Foundation Medical Group, Mountain View, CA, USASearch for more papers by this authorE. W. Jeffes, E. W. Jeffes Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, and *Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, and Palo Alto Foundation Medical Group, Mountain View, CA, USASearch for more papers by this author L. L. Aquino, L. L. Aquino Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, and *Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, and Palo Alto Foundation Medical Group, Mountain View, CA, USASearch for more papers by this authorJ. J. Wu, J. J. Wu Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, and *Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, and Palo Alto Foundation Medical Group, Mountain View, CA, USASearch for more papers by this authorJ. E. Murase, J. E. Murase Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, and *Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, and Palo Alto Foundation Medical Group, Mountain View, CA, USASearch for more papers by this authorS. W. Dyson, S. W. Dyson Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, and *Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, and Palo Alto Foundation Medical Group, Mountain View, CA, USASearch for more papers by this authorE. W. Jeffes, E. W. Jeffes Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, and *Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, and Palo Alto Foundation Medical Group, Mountain View, CA, USASearch for more papers by this author First published: 28 June 2008 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2230.2007.02559.xCitations: 2 Dr. Jashin J. Wu, MD, Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, 101 The City Drive South, Bldg. 53, Room 302 A, Rt. 81, Orange, CA 92868–3201, USA.E-mail: jashinwu@hotmail.com Conflict of interest: none declared. Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume33, Issue4July 2008Pages 529-530 RelatedInformation

Conflict of interest: none declared. A 58‐year‐old woman presented with a 4‐month history of increasing oedema, xerosis, pruritus and pain of the lower lip. She had been previously treated with a course of prednisone for several days without improvement. On physical examination, the lower lip was significantly larger than the upper lip (Fig. 1) and was indurated. Further questioning revealed that the patient had received an injection of silicone into her lower lip 15 years previously while in Vietnam. ... Histological examination showed pseudocystic spaces of varying sizes in the dermis and subcutis giving this biopsy a ‘Swiss cheese’ appearance. Vacuoles of varying sizes and mixed infiltrate including foamy histiocytes and lymphocytes could be seen (Figs 2, 3). ... ... What is your diagnosis? Silicone granuloma of the lip. Liquid silicone (dimethylpolysiloxane) has been used extensively in many countries since the 1960s for soft‐tissue augmentation. Although initially thought to be a biologically inert substance, multiple case reports have been published on potential delayed side‐effects, including chronic cellulitis, nodules, granulomatous reactions, and migration of material, including haematogenous spread and lymphatic involvement. The literature documents a latency period of 5 months to 15 years before onset of symptoms, particularly with respect to silicone‐induced granulomatous inflammation of facial tissue.1 Such symptoms include the development of indurated areas or well‐defined nodule(s), occasionally with erythema and/or burning sensation.1

Journal Article Erythematous, eczematous papules appearing in the spring Get access K. F. Davis, K. F. Davis Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. J. Wu, J. J. Wu Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA Dr J. J. Wu, Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, 101 The City Drive South, Building 53, Room 302‐A, Rt. 81, Orange, CA 92868–3201, USA. E‐mail: jjwu@uci.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. E. Murase, J. E. Murase Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. W. Dyson S. W. Dyson Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, Volume 33, Issue 2, 1 March 2008, Pages 217–218, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2230.2007.02617.x Published: 01 March 2008 Article history Accepted: 08 July 2007 Published: 01 March 2008

Conflict of interest: there are no conflicts of interest. A 67‐year‐old woman presented with a 5‐year history of a chronically tender right distal thumb with pustules and nail dystrophy. She described recurrent episodes of pain and purulent discharge of her thumb and occasionally other digits. For years, these periods of discomfort had resolved with use of topical steroids, but most recently, the eruption on her thumb had been prolonged, and treatment with azithromycin and topical steroids had not improved her condition. She had no history of other skin disorders. On examination, the right distal thumb was found to be tender to palpation. The nail bed and surrounding tissue were erythematous and oedematous, with extensive onycholysis. A well‐circumscribed erythematous plaque with scale, fissures, lakes of pus and clear exudate extended beneath the lytic nail. The patient had no other skin lesions (Fig. 1). ... Thumb X‐ray, potassium hydroxide staining, and bacterial and fungal cultures were negative. The patient underwent nail‐plate avulsion with two 3‐mm punch biopsies of the nail bed. Pathology showed parakeratosis with neutrophils in the stratum corneum and spinous layer, an absent granular layer, epidermal hyperplasia, and suprapapillary thinning. The superficial dermis revealed dilated capillaries and sparse perivascular lymphohistiocytic infiltrate (Figs 2 and 3) Staining with periodic‐acid–Schiff was negative for fungal elements.

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and VenereologyVolume 20, Issue 10 p. 1337-1338 Dermographism secondary to trauma from a coral reef JJ Wu, Corresponding Author JJ Wu Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA, * Corresponding author, C340, Medical Science I, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-2400, tel. (949) 824-7103; fax (949) 824-8954; E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorDB Huang, DB Huang Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine and University of Texas at Houston School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, USA.Search for more papers by this authorJE Murase, JE Murase Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA,Search for more papers by this authorGD Weinstein, GD Weinstein Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA,Search for more papers by this author JJ Wu, Corresponding Author JJ Wu Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA, * Corresponding author, C340, Medical Science I, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-2400, tel. (949) 824-7103; fax (949) 824-8954; E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorDB Huang, DB Huang Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine and University of Texas at Houston School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, USA.Search for more papers by this authorJE Murase, JE Murase Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA,Search for more papers by this authorGD Weinstein, GD Weinstein Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA,Search for more papers by this author First published: 16 October 2006 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-3083.2006.01683.xCitations: 3Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume20, Issue10November 2006Pages 1337-1338 RelatedInformation

Objectives: To investigate prospectively how psoriasis fluctuates in pregnancy and post partum and to correlate hormone levels in pregnancy (progesterone and estrogens) with psoriatic change.Design: Psoriatic body surface area (BSA) in pregnant patients with psoriasis (study group) and nonpregnant, menstruating patients with psoriasis (control group) were assessed 5 times over a year. Hormone levels (progesterone and,estrogens) were measured in the study group and correlated with change in BSA.Setting: University-affiliated obstetric and dermatology clinics.Patients: Forty-seven pregnant patients in the psoriasis group and 27 nonpregnant, menstruating patients in the control group.Results: During pregnancy, 55% of the patients re-ported improvement, 21% reported no change, and 23% reported worsening. However, post partum, only 9% of patients reported improvement, 26% reported no change, and 65% reported worsening. Psoriatic BSA decreased significantly from 10 to 20 weeks'gestation (P < .001) compared with controls, whereas BSA increased significantly by 6 weeks post partum (P = .001) compared with controls. In patients with 10% or greater psoriatic BSA who reported improvement (n = 16; mean BSA, 40%), lesions decreased by 83.8% during pregnancy. There were significant or near significant correlations between improvement in BSA and estradiol (P =. 009, r = 0.648), estriol (P = .06, r = 0.491), and the ratio of estrogen to progesterone (P = .006, r = 0.671).Conclusion: High levels of estrogen correlated with improvement in psoriasis, whereas progesterone levels did not correlate with psoriatic change.

Background  Research demonstrating an increased incidence of skin cancer with psoralen plus ultraviolet A (PUVA) therapy has reflected the Caucasian experience. Our objective was to review the literature on skin cancer risk associated with long‐term PUVA therapy in non‐Caucasians.