Purpose : Breast cancer (BC) patients with pathogenic germline BRCA1/2 mutations ( gBRCA1/2mut) have a substantially increased risk of ovarian cancer (OC). Risk-reducing bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) remains the only effective preventive strategy. However, data on the utilization and optimal timing of this procedure in g BRCA mut BC patients are limited. Methods : This retrospective study included 148 patients with gBRCA1/2mut BC treated at the Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Center, University Hospital Erlangen, between 2012 and 2024. Clinical, pathological, treatment-related, and genetic data were collected and analyzed from electronic records. Results : In this cohort of 148 patients with gBRCAmut BC, 60.1% harboured a gBRCA1 and 39.9% a gBRCA2 mutation. BC was diagnosed at the mean age of 47.1 years, 73.6% presenting at UICC stage I–II. 38.4% Patients were diagnosed with a hormone receptor–positive BC, 8.9% with HER2-positive BC and 47.9% triple-negative BC. 101 patients (68.2%) additionally underwent RRSO, predominantly within 12 months of BC diagnosis. Occult OC was detected in three patients (2.9%) at the time of RRSO during BC follow up, while 4 patients without RRSO (8.5%) were diagnosed with OC after BC. Conclusions : In real-world setting, RRSO is a common prevention in g BRCA mut BC follow up. The majority of patients undergo surgery within the first two years following a BC diagnosis. Survival outcomes among patients with BC have improved substantially in recent years. Consequently, the risk of developing OC in g BRCA mut individuals carrying remains high. RRSO should therefore continue to be discussed with patients, even in the context of a BC diagnosis, as a strategy for OC prevention.

Purpose:The introduction of an organized cervical cancer screening program in Germany in 2020 changed screening algorithms and referral patterns, increasing the number of patients referred to specialized centers. This study examines the concordance between ex-house Pap smear findings and in-house colposcopy-guided cytology and relates both to colposcopy-guided biopsy and histopathological outcomes within the new screening program. Methods:In this retrospective study, data from 3161 patients referred for colposcopy to a certified university dysplasia unit between January 2020 and May 2024 were analyzed. All patients underwent standardized assessment including Pap smear, HPV testing, colposcopy, and colposcopy-guided biopsy, with surgical treatment when indicated. Results:Concordance between ex-house and in-house cytology was moderate (Spearman's ρ = 0.453, p < 0.001; weighted Cohen's κ = 0.581). Compared with histology, ex-house cytology showed overdiagnosis in 252 cases (14.29%), underdiagnosis in 631 cases (35.79%), and concordant findings in 880 cases (49.91%). In contrast, in-house cytology demonstrated lower rates of overdiagnosis (183 cases, 9.48%) and underdiagnosis (495 cases, 25.65%), with agreement in 1252 cases (64.87%). HPV positivity increased with cytological severity, with HPV16 being the most prevalent genotype in high-grade lesions. Among low-grade cytological findings, CIN3+ yield differed markedly according to HPV status. Conclusion:In the setting of the cervical cancer screening program, in-house cytology performed in a specialized dysplasia unit demonstrated closer agreement with histology than ex-house cytology. HPV status emerged as a key modifier of risk within low-grade cytological categories, highlighting the importance of risk-adapted triage and reassessment colposcopy in contemporary screening practice.

Die Nachsorge beim Endometriumkarzinom soll leitlinienbasiert und im engen interdisziplinären Austausch zwischen den betreuenden Fachdisziplinen stattfinden. Ihr Ziel ist die Früherkennung von Rezidiven, die Behandlung von Therapie- und Operationsfolgen sowie die psychosoziale Betreuung der Patientinnen. Die Risikostratifizierung nimmt einen zunehmenden Stellenwert in der Strukturierung der Nachsorge ein. In den Stadien I–II liegt der Fokus auf einer strukturierten Anamnese mit gynäkologischer Untersuchung. Diese erfolgt bis 5 Jahre nach Therapieende halbjährlich. Bei Hochrisikopatientinnen oder fortgeschrittenen Tumoren erfolgt die Nachsorge engmaschiger – meist alle 3 Monate in den ersten 3 Jahren – und kann um eine erweiterte Bildgebung ergänzt werden. Mit der Einführung zunehmend komplexer Therapiekonzepte – vor allem durch Einführung der Immuncheckpointinhibitoren – gewinnt das Management therapiebedingter Nebenwirkungen dieser Ansätze an Bedeutung.

Abstract Purpose Ovarian cancer is frequently associated with gBRCA1/2 mutations, which also confer a high lifetime risk of breast cancer in non-affected patients. While risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) is established in hereditary breast and ovarian cancer prevention, the recommendation for risk-reducing bilateral mastectomy (RRBM) remains unclear in gBRCA1/2mutovarian cancer patients due to high recurrence rates and limited survival. This study evaluates the preventive strategies of these patients in a real-world setting. Methods This retrospective study included 49 patients with gBRCA1/2mut HGSC treated at the Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Centre, University Hospital Erlangen, between 2012 and 2024. Clinical, pathological, treatment-related, and genetic data were collected and analyzed from electronic records. Results Among 49 patients with gBRCAmut HGSC, 44 out of 49 did not undergo a RRBM during follow-up. Intensified breast cancer surveillance was recommended to 33 patients. Although 19 out of 49 patients were formally recommended a RRBM, only two proceeded with the preventive option. Three additional patients chose the surgery driven by the diagnosis of metachronous breast cancer. 80% of the operations occurred > 60 months after ovarian cancer diagnosis. Conclusions In patients with gBRCA1/2mut and a history of HGSC, RRBM is rarely chosen. Most patients prefer an intensified surveillance program. Due to low metachronous breast cancer rate in follow up care, RRBM seems to be an option just for long-term survivors. Individual patient preferences play a crucial role in the management strategy.

OBJECTIVE:Evaluation of retrospective outcomes of NovaSure treatment in patients with abnormal uterine bleeding, including safety and cost-effectiveness, and risk factors related to therapeutic outcomes. Subgroup analysis was conducted for patients who underwent concomitant surgical procedures, required subsequent interventions, and were stratified by menopausal status and multimorbidity. METHODS:Retrospective analysis of 330 patients who underwent NovaSure treatment at our center between January 2020 and November 2023. Follow-up was conducted until January 2025. Demographic and clinical parameters were evaluated using descriptive and comparative analyses. RESULTS:Ablation failure occurred in eight of 330 patients (2.4%). Concomitant procedures (65 of 330, 19.7%) or multimorbidity (34 of 330, 10.3%) were not associated with increased complication or failure rates. Recurrent bleeding led to representation in 32 of 330 patients (9.7%). No malignancies or premalignant lesions were found in the postmenopausal subgroup. The overall complication rate was 5.7%. A preoperative sonographic suspicion of adenomyosis showed a nonsignificant trend toward treatment failure. Histopathological examination of hysterectomy specimens suggests reduced thermal alterations in areas containing adenomyotic foci. An adjusted cost analysis showed lower overall costs and lower complication rates for NovaSure compared with hysterectomy, including subsequent interventions due to treatment failure. CONCLUSION:This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of patients, including detailed clinical parameters, and demonstrates a favorable safety profile among relevant subcohorts. Adenomyosis may represent a predictor of treatment failure. Overall, the data support NovaSure as a safe and cost-effective treatment option for a broad range of patients.

ObjectiveThis feasibility study aimed to assess the potential of freely available large language models (LLMs) to support clinical decision-making in obstetrics.MethodsFive fictional obstetric patient cases, encompassing a range of clinical presentations (preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, preterm premature rupture of membranes, vaginal bleeding, and abdominal trauma), were presented to three LLMs: Chat-GPT (OpenAI), Gemini (Google), and DeepSeek. The LLMs were tasked with evaluating the patient information, suggesting potential diagnoses, and outlining appropriate management strategies. The responses were qualitatively assessed, and subsequently, four expert obstetricians evaluated the LLMs' recommendations using the Global Quality Score (GQS).ResultsThe LLMs demonstrated an ability to process complex obstetric scenarios and generate diagnostic and management considerations that often aligned with established clinical principles. In cases like preeclampsia and preterm premature rupture of membranes, the LLMs accurately identified key issues and proposed relevant management steps. For fetal growth restriction, vaginal bleeding, and abdominal trauma, they outlined appropriate evaluation frameworks and differential diagnoses. The responses varied in their level of detail and directness. DeepSeek received the highest GQS for all five cases in total, whereas Google Gemini was outperformed by the two other LLMs in the cases of vaginal bleeding and abdominal trauma.ConclusionThis preliminary feasibility assessment suggests that freely available LLMs can generate plausible-sounding responses to obstetric vignettes. Further rigorous evaluation using quantitative methods, real-world data, and exploration of integration strategies is warranted to fully understand their role in enhancing clinical decision-making and improving patient care in obstetric practice.

Abstract Background Treatment with NovaSure® endometrial ablation is approved for patients with heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) without evidence of malignant or premalignant lesions. This analysis addresses the rare but clinically relevant situation in which endometrial carcinoma (EC) or atypical hyperplasia (AEH) is identified histologically after endometrial ablation in premenopausal patients. Objective Histological evaluation of hysterectomy specimens with correlation to clinical parameters in patients undergoing hysterectomy after incidental histological diagnosis of AEH or EC following NovaSure® endometrial ablation. Methods A retrospective single-center analysis was conducted on more than 400 patients who underwent NovaSure® endometrial ablation at our center between January 2020 and February 2025. Patients with AEH or EC for whom subsequent hysterectomy specimens were available were included. Histological evaluation was performed and independently reviewed to assess residual endometrium, residual endometrial atypia or carcinoma, and ablation-related histomorphological changes. Results A total of 11 patients (AEH n = 8; EC n = 3) underwent subsequent hysterectomy after NovaSure® endometrial ablation. Six out of eight patients with AEH showed no residual atypia in the hysterectomy specimens (2/8 with focal residual atypia), and no residual invasive carcinoma was detected in any of the three carcinoma cases. Histopathological analysis showed pronounced postablative changes, including necrosis, fibrosis, zonation, and vascular and lymphatic alterations. Conclusion This descriptive study provides a clinicopathological characterization of patients with EC or AEH who underwent hysterectomy after endometrial ablation. In these patients, no preprocedural evidence of endometrial pathology was present, and the diagnosis was established solely through routine histopathological examination of curettage specimens obtained immediately before the ablation procedure. Histological assessment revealed pronounced changes, highlighting specific diagnostic challenges and underscoring the importance of careful patient selection and thorough diagnostic evaluation before NovaSure® ablation. Within the limitations of this study, no evidence was found that prior endometrial ablation compromises oncological outcome.

Follow-up care for endometrial carcinoma should be guideline-based and carried out in close interdisciplinary collaboration among the involved specialties. Its aims are the early detection of recurrence, the management of treatment- and surgery-related sequelae, and the provision of psychosocial support for patients. Risk stratification is playing an increasingly important role in structuring follow-up care. In stages I-II, the focus is on a structured medical history and gynecologic examination. These assessments are performed every 6 months for up to 5 years after completion of treatment. In patients with high-risk or advanced tumors, follow-up is conducted more frequently-usually every 3 months during the first 3 years-and may be supplemented by extended imaging. With the introduction of increasingly complex treatment concepts, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors, the management of treatment-related adverse effects is becoming increasingly important.

Endometrial cancer (EC) is classified into four molecular subtypes with distinct prognosis and treatment implications. Despite this well-established molecular classification, morpho-molecular correlations remain understudied. Artificial intelligence (AI) enables biomarker prediction from H&E-stained whole-slide images (WSIs). However, real-world validation for EC molecular subtyping is lacking. In this study, we evaluated image-based molecular subtyping in a real-world cohort derived from routine diagnostic cases with heterogeneous image quality. We benchmarked the feature extraction with the CTransPath and UNI foundation models, demonstrating robust results across different scanner hardware and quantified performance variation by additional stain normalization. UNI-based features achieved a mean AUROC of 0.646 for POLEmut (n = 16), 0.700 for MMRd_MSI (n = 79), 0.684 for NSMP (n = 176), and 0.844 for p53abn (n = 18) on external real-world data. We provided human interpretations of subtype-specific morphological features. Our findings may thus lay the foundations of a more reliable framework for personalized treatment stratification based on morphologically informed molecular subtyping.

To assess the rate and timing of spontaneous regression of high-grade cervical intraepithelial lesions (CIN2/HSIL and CIN3/HSIL) in young women and to identify associated factors. This retrospective cohort study included patients aged ≤ 30 years diagnosed with HSIL (CIN2 or CIN3) at the certified dysplasia unit of the Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Erlangen, between April 2014 and November 2025 who underwent observational management. Regression was defined as partial regression (low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion; LSIL) or complete regression (less than LSIL), with histology as the reference standard. 45 patients with CIN3/HSIL and 38 with CIN2/HSIL were included. In the CIN3/HSIL cohort, regression was observed in 21 of 45 patients (46.7

Background: Minimally invasive interventional radiology (IR) offers effective, uterus-preserving treatments for several gynecologic and obstetric conditions such as uterine fibroids, adenomyosis and postpartum hemorrhage. Despite their efficacy, these methods remain underused, partly to limited awareness among clinicians and patients. Large language models (LLMs) may help bridge this gap by providing accessible, reliable information. Objective: To evaluate how current LLMs address knowledge gaps and promote awareness of minimally invasive IR methods in gynecology and obstetrics. Methods: A structured ten-question instrument was used to query three publicly available LLMs (OpenEvidence, ChatGPT, and Google Gemini). Responses were analyzed for accuracy, completeness, safety considerations, and patient-centered communication. Results: All three models accurately identified a range of medical, minimally invasive, and surgical treatments for uterine fibroids, adenomyosis, and postpartum hemorrhage, with OpenEvidence and ChatGPT providing more detailed and clinically nuanced responses. OpenEvidence achieved the highest scores overall, closely followed by ChatGPT, while Google Gemini scored lower, particularly in completeness and patient-centered communication. In more complex scenarios, performance differences became more pronounced, with OpenEvidence again leading, ChatGPT performing strongly, and Google Gemini lagging behind. Overall, OpenEvidence and ChatGPT demonstrated higher accuracy, completeness, and safety considerations, whereas Google Gemini showed comparatively weaker and less consistent performance. Conclusions: LLMs may endorse the promotion of minimally invasive IR methods in gynecology and obstetrics, but their outputs vary considerably in quality. Ongoing refinement and integration of evidence-based sources are essential before routine use in clinical practice. Therefore, effective collaboration between artificial intelligence (AI) developers and medical professionals is essential to harness this technology's full potential.

Abstract BRCA-associated homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) is present in ~50% of high-grade serous carcinomas (HGSC) and predicts sensitivity to platinum-based therapy. However, there is little understanding of why some patients with BRCA-deficient tumors experience poor outcomes. In a large HGSC cohort (n = 1389) including 282 individuals with pathogenic germline BRCA variants (gBRCApv), residual disease after primary surgery has limited prognostic effect in gBRCApv-carriers compared to non-carriers, and prognostic outcomes differ based on the mutation location within functional domains of the BRCA genes. Multi-omic profiling is performed on 154 tumors, enriched for patients with BRCA-deficient tumors that experienced short overall survival ( ≤ 3 years, n = 42). Patients with BRCA2-deficient HGSC and loss of NF1 survive twice as long as those without NF1 loss, whereas PIK3CA, RAD21 and MYC amplification define BRCA2-deficient HGSC with exceptionally short survival. Patients with BRCA1-deficient HGSC and a more elevated HRD score survive significantly longer. BRCA1-deficient tumors in short survivors have evidence of immunosuppressive c-kit signaling and EMT. Our findings confirm that outcome is not determined by BRCA status alone, but rather a combination of co-occurring genomic alterations, the extent of DNA repair deficiency, and the tumor-immune microenvironment.

Background: Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate promise in medical applications, but their performance in hormonal contraception consultation remains underexplored. Objective: To evaluate the accuracy and comprehensiveness of LLM-generated hormonal contraception counseling compared to evidence-based guidelines. Methods: Ten fictitious clinical case scenarios representing common contraceptive counseling situations were presented to Chat-GPT, Google Gemini, and OpenEvidence. Cases assessed medical eligibility screening, contraindication recognition, drug interactions, side effect management, and emergency contraception guidance. Two board-certified obstetrician-gynecologists independently evaluated the responses based on international clinical guidelines. Results: Across the ten predefined clinical scenarios, all three LLMs achieved high accuracy in identifying contraindications according to Medical Eligibility Criteria (MEC) and provided appropriate alternative contraceptive recommendations. Models demonstrated high proficiency in managing drug interactions, particularly the lamotrigine-estrogen interaction, and provided evidence-based side effect management strategies. However, the communication styles differed. Chat-GPT emphasized structured consultation and shared decision-making, Gemini provided practical action-oriented guidance, and OpenEvidence delivered concise evidence-focused summaries. Conclusions: In this limited set of standardized fictitious cases, the evaluated LLMs generally provided responses that were broadly aligned with selected guideline recommendations. Current LLMs require cautious deployment, given limitations in individualized assessment and health literacy optimization, and are best positioned as complementary educational tools rather than replacements for professional contraceptive counseling.

BRCA-associated homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) is present in ~50% of high-grade serous carcinomas (HGSC) and predicts sensitivity to platinum-based therapy. However, there is little understanding of why some patients with BRCA-deficient tumors experience unexpectedly poor outcomes. We profiled 154 tumors, enriched for patients with BRCA-deficient tumors that experienced short overall survival (≤3 years, n=42), using whole-genome, transcriptome, and methylation analyses. All but one BRCA-deficient tumor exceeded an accepted HRD genomic scarring threshold. However, patients with BRCA1-deficient HGSC with a more elevated HRD score survived significantly longer. Patients with BRCA2-deficient HGSC and loss of NF1 survived twice as long as those without NF1 loss, whereas PIK3CA or RAD21 amplification defined BRCA2-deficient HGSC with exceptionally short survival. BRCA1-deficient tumors in short survivors had evidence of immunosuppressive c-kit signaling and EMT. In a large HGSC cohort (n=1,389) including 282 individuals with pathogenic germline BRCA variants (gBRCApv), the location of the mutation within functional domains stratified clinical outcomes. Notably, residual disease after primary surgery had limited prognostic effect in gBRCApv-carriers compared to non-carriers. Our findings indicate that tumor HR proficiency in the context of therapy response and survival is not a binary property, and highlight genomic and immune modifiers of outcomes in BRCA-deficient HGSC.

Maximum intensity projections (MIPs) facilitate rapid lesion detection both for contrast-enhanced (CE) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We evaluated the feasibility of AI-based virtual CE subtraction MIPs as a reading approach. This Institutional Review Board-approved retrospective study includes 540 multi-parametric breast MRI examinations (performed from 2017 to 2020), including multi-b-value DWI (50, 750, and 1,500 s/mm²). A 2D U-Net was trained using unenhanced (UnE) images as inputs to generate virtual abbreviated CE (VAbCE) subtractions. Two radiologists evaluated lesion suspicion, image quality, and artifacts for UnE, VACE, and abbreviated CE (AbCE) images. Lesion conspicuity was compared between VAbCE and AbCE MIPs. Cancer detection rates for UE, VAbCE, and AbCE MIPs were 90.0

Der Begriff der personalisierten Medizin wird immer relevanter. Die Möglichkeiten der Diagnostik umfassen hierbei nicht nur genetische und molekulare Tumorprofile, sondern auch den Einsatz präziser und individueller bildgebender Methoden. Die Entwicklung und Implementation geeigneter diagnostischer Verfahren mit hoher Sensitivität und Spezifität, welche gleichzeitig auf die individuellen Risikofaktoren und biologischen Merkmale der Patientin abgestimmt sind, bleibt eine Herausforderung. Um ein Personal Profiling zu ermöglichen, muss eine umfassende Diagnostik etabliert werden, welche sämtliche Parameter wie Bildgebung, molekulare und genetische Marker sowie Real-World-Daten und den Einsatz künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) berücksichtigt. Dieser Artikel beschäftigt sich mit verschiedenen Ansätzen der personalisierten Diagnostik beim Mammakarzinom und beleuchtet den aktuellen klinischen Standard, innovative Forschungsbereiche und die sich daraus ergebenden Herausforderungen. Hürden neuerer bildgebender Verfahren sind vor allem die Standardisierung der Bildanalyse sowie die Validierung dieser Verfahren in großen klinischen Studien. Der Einsatz von KI erfordert nicht nur entsprechendes technisches und medizinisches Know-how, sondern auch einen sensiblen Umgang mit Themen wie Datenschutz und Privatsphäre der Patientinnen. Real-World-Register bieten Einblicke in die reale Behandlungssituation und sind daher von großer Bedeutung.

Background Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women, with early detection significantly improving outcomes. Heat flow imaging (HFI) is a non-invasive dynamic thermography method with prior tissue cooling. It has shown its potential as an additional diagnostic tool. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the feasibility of diagnostic HFI in patients with palpable breast lesions during outpatient visits. Methods The patients presenting with palpable breast lesions at the Erlangen University Hospital were recruited between November 2023 and April 2024. Heat flow imaging was performed in addition to sonographic and mammographic imaging in routine care. Additionally, the patients completed a pain questionnaire to evaluate the comfort of the procedure. We used a two-phase study design. During the first phase, the imaging procedure was established and standardized. In the second phase, imaging footage was compared with conventional mammography, sonography, and histological findings. Results Thirty-nine patients were recruited and 18 patients underwent final evaluation. Heat flow imaging successfully detected 7 out of 11 palpable carcinomas. Factors contributing to missed lesions and impairing image quality were inadequate cooling or improper camera positioning. The mean pain score reported during the procedure was 0.7 on a visual analog scale from 0 to 10, indicating minimal discomfort. Conclusions Heat flow imaging is a feasible imaging method that may serve as a supplementary diagnostic tool for breast cancer detection in patients with palpable breast lesions. However, it is still considered an experimental method and its use should be limited in the context of clinical trials. Further research involving larger patient groups is required to validate these preliminary findings and to optimize image acquisition protocols.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the potential of an artificial intelligence (AI)-driven large language model, ChatGPT 4.0, to provide personalized, evidence-based treatment recommendations for uterine fibroids. METHODS:ChatGPT 4.0 was trained using evidence-based data from Uptodate and German medical literature. The algorithm generated individualized recommendations based on clinical characteristics and patient preferences. Usability and quality were assessed through questionnaires completed by 40 gynecologists and 45 women with fibroids. RESULTS:Most gynecologists found the algorithm user-friendly and comprehensive, with 15 expressing a willingness to integrate it into practice and 24 acknowledging its potential to enhance healthcare efficiency. Although only half believed it would improve patient outcomes, the tool was generally well received. Patients found the algorithm easy to understand and helpful for exploring treatment options, with the majority feeling it empowered informed discussions with their healthcare providers. A minority expressed dissatisfaction with usability or helpfulness. CONCLUSION:ChatGPT 4.0 offers a promising AI-driven tool for personalized fibroid management in the absence of formal guidelines. Although not a substitute for official recommendations, it could support clinical decision making and enhance patient education. Further integration with standardized guidelines and prospective trials is needed to optimize its clinical utility.

Assessment of breast volume has a relevance for aesthetic surgery and for the prevention and prediction of breast diseases. This study investigated breast volume measurements using a three-dimensional (3D) body surface scanner integrated in a smartphone device in comparison with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. Breast volume was assessed for 22 women who underwent routine MRI imaging. 3D surface images were acquired using a smartphone’s digital texture camera (iPhone 11 Pro Max, Apple, California, USA, 2019). Breast volumes were manually outlined and calculated by two independent investigators using a 3D software tool (Meshmixer 3.5, Autodesk, Inc., 2018). Volume assessments from MRI images were performed by a radiologist using Syngo.via (Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany, VB50). The agreement between both methods and the inter-observer agreement was calculated with the concordance correlation coefficients and analysed with Bland–Altman plots. The mean breast volume as determined by MRI volumetry was 771.0 ml on the left side and 763.9 ml on the right side. Utilizing the 3D body surface volume assessment method, the mean breast volume was measured as 660.3 ml (observer A) and 616.8 ml (observer B) on the left side, and 701.9 ml (observer A) and 638.6 ml (observer B) on the right side. Although a high correlation was observed, differences in volume measurements appeared more pronounced in cases of larger breast volume. Smartphone-based 3D assessment of breast volume sufficiently agreed with MRI-based breast volume. This new technique could be used for cosmetic breast assessments in a surgical context and possibly in breast cancer risk studies assessing breast volume as outcome parameters.