Most previous research on golf swing mechanics has focused on the driver club. The aim of this study was to identify the kinematic factors that contribute to greater hitting distance when using the 5 iron club. Three-dimensional marker coordinate data were collected (250 Hz) to calculate joint kinematics at eight key swing events, while a swing analyser measured club swing and ball launch characteristics. Thirty male participants were assigned to one of two groups, based on their ball launch speed (high: 52.9 ± 2.1 m · s(-1); low: 39.9 ± 5.2 m · s(-1)). Statistical analyses were used to identify variables that differed significantly between the two groups. Results showed significant differences were evident between the two groups for club face impact point and a number of joint angles and angular velocities, with greater shoulder flexion and less left shoulder internal rotation in the backswing, greater extension angular velocity in both shoulders at early downswing, greater left shoulder adduction angular velocity at ball contact, greater hip joint movement and X Factor angle during the downswing, and greater left elbow extension early in the downswing appearing to contribute to greater hitting distance with the 5 iron club.

Documentaries and archive materials are not just from and about the ancient past. We are creating and participating in documentaries and archives all the time and perhaps never more so than in the digital age with the pervasive nature of sound and image recording and playback devices. How are we to make sense of this world and navigate this sea of information? This workshop considered what critical skills teachers and learners might need to deploy in negotiating these assets and applying them to make successful documentaries. In considering these questions, delegates researched, planned and created a short documentary, exploring how editing, sound and image can affect textual meaning through an exercise using a range of archive film, music and sound effects in a simple editing interface. This workshop was informed by the central tenets of the conference ‐ continuities from the critical and creative towards the cultural and the notion that in order to produce engaging practical work and become skilled creative producers, we need to identify, develop and deploy a range of critical and selection skills. This notion of selection and developing skills for interrogating materials has become especially significant in the context of the pervasiveness of digital technology and easy availability of so much multimedia material. From a curriculum-centred perspective, requirements to work on persuasive and non-fiction texts and literacy objectives made this workshop relevant to all delegates. The objective of the workshop was for delegates to feel confident in approaching archive and documentary materials and projects with a broad range of critical skills, applying these in order to make successful documentaries. The first part of the workshop explored definitions and theory and looked at documentary from a historical perspective including the genre today. In the second part of the workshop, delegates applied these critical skills to a range of historical sources to produce short documentaries to a specific brief.

The purpose of this study was to identify the performance determining factors of the 5- iron golf swing. Joint kinematics were obtained from thirty male golfers using a twelve camera motion analysis system. Participants were divided into two groups, based on their ball launch speed (high vs. low). Those in the high ball speed group were deemed to be the more skillful group. Statistical analysis was used to identify the variables which differed significantly between the two groups, and could therefore be classified as the performance determining factors. The following factors were important to performance success: (i) the ability of the golfer to maintain a large X Factor angle and generate large X Factor angular velocity throughout the downswing, (ii) maintain the left arm as straight as possible throughout the swing, (iii) utilise greater movement of the hips in the direction of the target and a greater extension of the right hip during the downswing and (iv) greater flexion of both shoulders and less left shoulder internal rotation during the backswing.