为了提升杜鹃红山茶的利用率,分别用水提法和醇提法提取杜鹃红山茶叶片成分,并测试这些植物提取液的抗氧化能力,主要以对DPPH自由基清除能力作为指标,分别检测了料液比、提取时间、提取温度和醇提法中乙醇浓度等几个提取工艺因素对提取液抗氧化能力的影响,确定杜鹃红山茶叶片提取液的最佳提取工艺.结果表明,杜鹃红山茶叶片提取液的最佳提取工艺:水提法为料液比 1∶400、提取时间 60min、提取水浴温度 50℃;醇提法为乙醇体积分数 60%、料液比 1∶200、提取时间 40min、提取水浴温度 40℃.

The pollen morphology of plants has species and genus characteristics. The study on pollen morphology is an important part of plant taxonomy. In recent years,research on the pollen morphology of Camellia has made great progress. The paper reviewed the researches on the pollen morphology of Camellia from the aspects of pollen size,pollen grain shape,exine ornamentation and others,and discussed the existing problems and put forward the subsequent corresponding suggestions,in order to provide some references for the taxonomy of Camellia.

以不同种源的红花油茶、白花油茶、油茶种子为试验材料,研究了种子纵径、横径、百粒重等表型指标及种子净度、种子含水率、浸泡处理对种子萌发、种子长势的影响,以期为今后的油茶苗木快繁提供理论依据.结果表明:本试验所收集的不同种源油茶种子质量性状差异显著,样品6(即C园艺公司的红花油茶)种子各项指标表现最优;百粒种、种子横径、纵径、种子净度、含水率与种子发芽率呈正相关,其中百粒重、种子纵径与横径大小对种子发芽率有显著影响;浸泡能显著提高种子发芽率.

以杜鹃红山茶(Camellia azalea)为母本,'绿带可娜'、'红芙蓉'、'迪朱丽亚'等13个观赏性较强的山茶花品种为父本,采用常规杂交育种方法,共配置13个杂交组合进行杂交试验.以坐果率、结实率、出苗率、单花成苗率作为评价亲和性的指标对杂交父本进行筛选,利用因子分析法对杂交组合亲和力进行综合评价,并采用形态鉴定法比较杂交子代与父母本主要性状差异.结果表明,'绿带可娜'、'玛丽费丝'、'尼丽夫人'、'花露珍'、'娃丽娜深'为亲和性高的父本,杜鹃红山茶×'绿带可娜'、杜鹃红山茶×'玛丽费丝'为杂交亲和性较高的组合.杜鹃红山茶种间杂交后代花色、花型表现趋于父本,叶片更接近于母本杜鹃红山茶,杂交后代均遗传母本全年开花的特性.

杜鹃红山茶是四季开花、花色鲜艳且抗逆性强的珍贵山茶品种,在茶花新品种培育方面有着广阔的应用前景.为了培育多色、重瓣、四季开花的杜鹃红山茶新品种,用杜鹃红山茶做母本,用观赏价值较高的茶花品种做父本开展杂交育种工作,得到了一批遗传父母本优良性状的杂交后代.对亲本的选择、花粉采集与保存、授粉操作与管理、果实处理与播种、苗期管理与开花等进行了论述,以期在原产地为杜鹃红山茶的育种工作提供参考和借鉴.

通过不同程度的控水处理,对阳江地区三角梅花期及成花数量进行比较研究.结果表明,控水至叶片萎蔫再浇水,能使三角梅植株花期整齐、提前且时间最长,并能显著提高成花数量.

杜鹃红山茶为山茶科山茶属中一种珍稀濒危植物,具有四季开花的优良性状,仅在广东省阳春市境内零星分布.从杜鹃红山茶分类、分布与濒危机制、生物学特性、繁殖技术、花粉活力、生理生化特性、细胞学与分子遗传特性等方面进行总结分析,以期为杜鹃红山茶在栽培技术、新品种培育及基础研究等方面提供参考.

为筛选杜鹃红山茶愈伤组织诱导的最适外植体和最佳培养基.以杜鹃红山茶叶片、叶柄、嫩茎为材料,研究了不同外植体类型、激素组合对杜鹃红山茶愈伤组织诱导的影响.结果表明,相较叶片、嫩茎,叶柄在愈伤诱导率及分化率上优于其他外植体.杜鹃红山茶愈伤诱导的最佳培养基为MS+2.0mg/L 2,4-D+0.5mg/L 6-BA,增殖培养基为MS+1.0mg/L 2,4-D+3.0mg/L 6-BA+1.5mg/L IAA.该研究可为杜鹃红山茶愈伤组织诱导提供科学依据.

以红苞凤梨为研究对象,通过组织细胞学观察结合叶绿素及其合成前体物质的含量测定,阐述嵌合叶片绿、白组织在组织细胞学和叶绿素合成代谢上的差异,以探索嵌合性状形成的结构和生理基础.组织细胞学观察发现,嵌合叶片绿色部分细胞含有大量的叶绿体,而白化组织中基本没有观察到叶绿体.红苞凤梨金边、金心嵌合叶片的白化组织以及全白植株叶片的叶绿素含量都低于全绿植株叶片(对照);红苞凤梨金边嵌合体与金心嵌合体叶片白化组织的叶绿素合成前体物质含量均在UroⅢ开始下降.全白植株的叶绿素合成前体物质含量则从ALA开始就显著低于全绿植株.叶绿素合成代谢下降,叶绿素含量降低,导致出现白化现象,金边、金心等品种植株叶片则表现出嵌合特性.

[目的]筛选金边也门铁花叶性状相关差异表达基因,为深入探索也门铁叶色形成的分子调控机制打下基础.[方法]基于cDNA扩增片段长度多态性分析技术(cDNA-AFLP),利用64对EcoR I和Mse I选择性扩增引物组合分析金边也门铁叶片绿色与黄色部分组织cDNA,经筛选、回收、克隆、测序和BLAST比对分析获得差异表达基因.[结果]利用64对引物组合共扩增出1726条可分辨的条带,并获得58条差异表达的转录衍生片段(TDFs),其中12条TDFs为特异性表达.12条特异性TDFs中,5条TDFs具有同源序列,另外7条TDFs无同源序列,为未知功能基因.在叶片黄化部位特异表达同源性为96％的TDFs序列M8E3B-2和M8E3B-3与大丽花花叶病毒Holland包涵体蛋白基因、紫茎泽兰明脉病毒基因、洋丁香黄化卷叶病毒基因等花椰菜花叶病毒科病毒基因具有较高的同源性.[结论]M8E3B-2和M8E3B-3两条TDFs序列或来源于一种花椰菜花叶病毒科病毒基因,且有可能参与了金边也门铁花叶叶色性状的形成过程.

根据近年来全国植物组织培养技能大赛,探讨高职院校学生参加技能大赛的培训方法,主要从培训的组织、培训的过程和培训的效果等方面进行了总结,以期为广大学生和指导教师今后参赛提供参考.

铁皮石斛是我国名贵濒危药材,药效显著,但是传统种植方法繁殖率低,利用组织培养繁殖技术,扩大铁皮石斛产量,成为提高其经济价值的重要方式.本文参考多年来国内外铁皮石斛组织培养相关文献,对铁皮石斛的快速繁殖关键技术进行了总结.

针对荔枝(Litchi chinensis Sonn.)生产过程中,常出现的座果率低、成熟期落果裂果严重、果皮着色不均匀严重影响果实品质等现象和多种病虫害危害,果农在荔枝果实生长期频频喷药保果,这样既增加生产成本,又不符合绿色果品的要求的问题.以华南农业大学为主的科研机构开展了荔枝果实套袋及其配套技术的研究,探索出一套切实可行的荔枝果实套袋技术,并加以示范与应用推广.本文对目前荔枝果实套袋技术的相关研究进展进行了总结分析,并提出以后的发展方向.

阳江市森林公园紫薇专类园的建设，标志着阳江的创园工作上了一个新的台阶，专类园地处阳江市区，园内没有城市的喧嚣，也没有污染气体的影响，在距离上又便于人们出游观赏，在不久的将来会对阳江市产生经济、社会、文化、科普等多方面的增值效益。

在阳江地区,GA促进菊花茎秆伸长,促进菊花提前2d开花;B9处理稍抑制植株生长,花期比对照提前1d;矮壮素抑制植株伸长,株型紧凑,推迟4d开花。

以铁炮百合植株为材料,研究选取不同部位的外植体、不同培养基配方对外植体愈伤诱导率、增殖率以及生根率的影响。结果表明:以鳞片做外植体效果最好,培养15d后污染率只有16%;诱导、分化和增殖效果最好的培养基是MS+NAA0.1mg/L+6-BA0.5mg/L,愈伤组织诱导率为100%,分化率为72%,增殖率为336%;生根效果最好的培养基是3/4MS+NAA0.8mg/L+糖6%,平均生根17条,平均根长3.1cm,生根率91。%

Using two-year leaves of three varieties(Dracaena fragrans(L.)Ker-Gawl.)and its two chimeras: D.fragrans cv.lindenii.and D.fragrans cv.massangeanaas test materials,the contents of chlorophyll synthesis precursors were studied.The results showed that the chlorophyll synthesis was hampered between PBG and UrogenⅢ in D.fragrans cv.lindenii.,between UrogenⅢ and Proto Ⅸ in D.fragrans cv.massangeana,which caused leave-color differentiation.The content difference of chlorophyllide(Chlide),Chl a and Chl b was little in the green part of D.fragrans cv.lindenii.'s leaf,the green part of D.fragrans cv.massangeana's leaf and the leaf of D.fragrans,so they looked green.

A work-integrated learning approach to the program, Computer-Aided Landscape Design, is put forward to improve their skills in landscape sketch drawing. After an analysis of students＇ potentials and typical tasks of landscape majors, the program development team conducts a work-integrated learning approach, in which the traditional theory-oriented testing is replaced by a task-driven assessment to evaluate their performance in class.

[Objective] The study aimed to seek for the optimum hormone formula for inducing Dracaena fragrans ker-Gawl leaf callus.[Method] With the leaves of Dracaena fragrans Ker-Gawl aseptic seedlings as the explants and MS medium as the basic medium,the 2,4-D,NAA and BA with different concn.were added into the basic medium to make into 24 kinds of hormone combinations and the effects of the hormones with different matching rates on callus induction of D.fragrans.were discuss through the tissue culture in vitro.[Result] When NAA was 0 mg/L,in 2 kinds of hormone combinations including 2,4-D and BA with the concn.of 2,4-D being 1.0-1.5 times of BA,the callus induction of D.fragrans was higher,but the callus quality was poor.When 2,4-D was 0 mg/L,the callus induction of 2 kinds of hormone combinations including BA and NAA was 0.In 3 kinds of hormone combinations including 2,4-D,BA and NAA with the concn.ratio of 2,4-D and NAA being 1,the callus of D.fragrans was short in induction time and better in the quality.The optimum hormone formula for induction of D.fragrans callus was MS+0.5 mg/L 2,4-D+0.5 mg/L NAA+1.0 mg/L BA,with the induction rate of 44.4%.[Conclusion] The study provided the scientific basis for exploring the new and efficient method of tissue culture and rapid propagation of D.fragrans.

The optimization of main influential factors of ISSR reaction system in Dracaena fragrans was studied.The results show that the optimum concentrations of components such as Taq DNA polymerase,dNTPs,primer,Mg2+,template DNA,formamide,10×buffer(without Mg2+),in 25 μL reaction system were 0.04 U·μL-1,0.18 mmol·L-1,0.4 μmol·L-1,2.0 mmol·L-1,0.8 ng·μL-1,1.6%,2.5 μL,respectively.Amplifications of 3 varieties of Dracaena fragrans were achieved by using this optimum system.