Objective:To compare the effectiveness of four commercial norovirus real-time RT-PCR detection kits.Methods:Using the norovirus detection method from US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as the standard method, 30 specimens of known norovirus genotypes (5 GI and 8 GII genotypes) and 50 stool specimens from patients with diarrhea were detected by four commercial norovirus real-time RT-PCR detection kits to compare the effectiveness of the kits. Detections for astrovirus, enteric adenovirus and sapovirus were performed to determine the specificity of these kits.Results:All 30 specimens of known genotypes were detected as positive by four commercial kits and the standard method. Rotavirus, astrovirus, enteric adenovirus and sapovirus were detected negative by four kits. The detection rate of four kits (A, B, C and D) and standard method for 50 diarrhea samples were 52.0% (26/50), 46.0% (23/50), 50.0% (25/50), 48.0% (24/50) and 54.0% (27/50), respectively. The consistency rates of four kits (A, B, C and D) with the standard method were 96.3%, 85.2%, 92.6% and 88.9%, respectively. For the kit C, the detection ranges of GI and GII were 10 4 -10 8 copies/μL and 10 2 -10 8 copies/μL, respectively. Conclusions:All genotypes of norovirus in this study were detected by the four kits, and the detection abilities of the kit A and C were better than kit B and D.

诺如病毒(Noroviruses,NoVs)是引起非菌型胃肠炎暴发流行的主要病原体之一.为了解我国GⅡ.3型NoVs毒株的变异以及受体结合模式,本研究对来自2015年一起中国广州NoVs胃肠炎暴发的GⅡ.3型毒株GZ31597株进行聚合酶区和完整VP1区基因扩增、序列测定和序列分析,并表达VP1突出区蛋白(P蛋白),通过P蛋白与不同血型唾液样本的酶免疫分析法(EIA)测定实验确定其组织血型抗原(Histo-blood group antigens,HBGAs)结合模式.GZ31597株聚合酶和VP1基因系统进化分析表明,GZ31597株为GⅡ.P12/GⅡ.3-SubD基因型(聚合酶/衣壳区),该毒株较先前的GⅡ.3毒株相比,在既是抗原表位又是HBGAs受体结合位点的氨基酸385残基发生了氨基酸转换.根据Western Blotting结果,证实P蛋白成功表达.唾液结合分析结果显示,该毒株P蛋白与A、B、AB、O型分泌型以及O型非分泌型唾液均可以结合,但结合值相对低.本研究表明该GⅡ.P12/GⅡ.3-SubD亚型的GⅡ.3毒株在长期的流行过程中,通过氨基酸的转换,改变抗原性和受体结合活性,使GⅡ.3型毒株在人群中继续流行.通过探索GⅡ.3型NoVs在人群中长期广泛流行的原因,为GⅡ.3型诺如病毒性胃肠炎的预防和控制提供重要依据.