The 6 XXX aluminum alloy is widely used in the production of automotive front crash components. Its performance is evaluated based on two key metrics: damage delay and safety reliability, which are influenced by the material's high product of strength and elongation (PSE) and a moderate yield-to-strength ratio (YTS). This study presents an innovative approach using torsion deformation combined with shortterm aging treatment to create a gradient structure. This structure integrates gradients in plastic strain, dislocations, precipitated phases, and grain size, forming an in-situ core-shell configuration characterized by a "soft core and hard shell". As a result, the yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, elongation, YTS, and PSE increased by 4.07 %, 5.72 %, 66.59 %, -1.52 %, and 76.12 %, respectively, compared to the asreceived material. Its strengthening effect is significantly better than traditional T6 treatment. Notably, the formation of a gradient structure through this novel thermomechanical processing technique optimized YTS by 11.51 % compared to traditional heat treatments. The significant increase in PSE is attributed to the marked improvement in elongation indicating an effective enhancement in the strength-ductility balance. This provides a promising strategy for designing and manufacturing high-performance components. (c) 2025 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The editorial office of Journal of Materials Science & Technology.

Flexible and excellent thermal insulation membranes are required as the thermal protection system materials of aerospace vehicles for next -generation space missions. Using ceramic membranes with ultralow thermal conductivity has been proved to be an effective way to protect the electronic components inside the fuselage. Herein, we decorate hydroxyapatite (HA) micron -flake onto Si 3 N 4 nanowire membrane (SR), and investigate the thermal stability, fire -resistance and thermal insulating properties of the obtained SR decorated by HA micron -flake (SRHM). Surface decoration of HA micron -flake onto the SR results in the formation of well -interconnected junctions and the increase of interfacial thermal resistance. Due to the increased interfacial thermal resistance, the as -prepared SRHM exhibits good thermal insulation and outstanding fire -retardant performance. SRHM shows robust mechanical property with tensile strength value of 4.10 MPa, increased by 247.5% compared to the SR without the surface decoration by HA micron -flake. The thermal conductivity of SRHM is as low as 0.037 W m -1 K -1 , reduced by 33.9% compared to the SR without the surface decoration by HA micronflake. After SRHM is heated by a butane blow torch at 1300 degrees C for 30 min, no obvious change is observed in the macroscopic morphology. And the temperature of the backside for SRHM maintains at a stable temperature of -260 degrees C for 300 s, which is 1040 degrees C lower than that of the front side. Additionally, SRHM can protect the electronic components form being burnt under the heating of an alcohol lamp for 30 min. The successful preparation of such thermal insulating and fire -retardant SRHM will open up a new world for the widespread applications of ceramic membranes in the fields of aerospace vehicles.

Large forgings are crucial in aerospace applications; however, the residual stresses generated during their forming and heat treatment seriously affect their serviceability. Therefore, the non-destructive detection of residual stresses in large forgings is of far-reaching significance for ensuring the quality of forgings and realising precision machining. Although a variety of detection methods are available, there is still a lack of a programme that can comprehensively, accurately and non-destructively measure the residual stresses in large forgings. This study is dedicated to exploring the application of the bouncing impact indentation method in the non-destructive testing of residual stresses in large forgings. Through in-depth finite element simulations and orthogonal scheme analyses, we found that the elastic modulus, yield strength and work hardening indexes have significant effects on the impact indentation process. Further, we establish the dimensionless function of residual stress and indentation parameters, and successfully obtain the inversion algorithm of residual stress. The relative error of the calculated values of the indentation curves hm and hr in the simulation with reference values is not more than 3%, and the relative error of the corrected Pm inversion values for most virtual materials is not more than 5%. The folding elastic modulus and apparent elastic modulus obtained by inversion are controlled within 10%, which demonstrates a high value for engineering applications. In addition, we innovatively express the research results in the form of 3D stress diagrams, realising the digital expression of 3D residual stresses in large forgings based on feature point measurements and contour surface configurations, which provides intuitive and comprehensive data support for engineering practice.

To improve the ablation resistance of C/C composites, Y2O3 with different contents modified HfC-MoSi2 multi-phase coating was prepared by supersonic atmospheric plasma spraying. The microstructural and phase compositional evolution of as-prepared coating was studied both before and after ablation. The effect of Y2O3 content on the ablation resistance and behavior of the coating was investigated in detail. The results showed that the incorporation of Y2O3 enhances the high-temperature stability of SiO2 oxide films and suppresses their volatilization at elevated temperatures. Furthermore, the formation of Y2Hf2O7 and Y2Si2O7 through the reaction between Y2O3, HfO2 and SiO2 promotes the development of a compact oxide scale, effectively inhibiting gas diffusion into the interior of the coating. Consequently, these improvements contribute to enhanced ablation resistance of the coating.

This work comprehensively studied the microstructure evolution and thermodynamic behavior of homogenized cast Al-Mg-Si alloy by using the dynamic materials model (DMM) of hot deformation activation energy (Q) and power dissipation efficiency (η), which were influenced by Zener-Holomon (Z) parameters of temperature-compensated strain rate. The Q varies with the material constitutive parameters n(T) and sε̇ and leads to a non-monotonic trend in the Z parameter. These coupling relationships have profound significance for revealing plastic deformation. The microstructure and microtexture evolution under four representatively Z parameters had been characterized, and it was found that the deformation mechanism under higher lnZ was mainly dynamic recovery (DRV) and a typical <101>//TD texture with a maximum strength of 14.41 was exhibited. As lnZ decreased, the volume fraction of high angle grain boundaries (HAGBs) and recrystallized grains increased from 20.89% and 1.5% to 49.47% and 40.9%, the geometrically necessary dislocation (GNDs) density dropped from 1.55 × 1014/m2 to 0.40 × 1014/m2, and the softening mechanism gradually shifted to dynamic recrystallization (DRX), with the volume fraction of Cube texture {001} <100> increasing and Goss texture {011} <110> decreasing. Hot processing maps were established based on the Prasad and Murty instability criterion. The results showed that the instable and stable zones had a strong correlation with η. Lower η often implies microcracks, deformation bands and flow localization, as well as extremely uneven grain distribution and a low recrystallization volume fraction, and the stable zone mainly exhibited the phenomenon of DRX dominated recrystallization behavior improving microstructure homogenization. By comparing the specific hot processing map and microstructure evolution, the prediction ability for determining Murty instability criterion is stronger than Prasad for homogenized cast Al-Mg-Si alloy.

The microstructure evolution of stress-induced martensite (SIM) α^'' and mechanical twins in metastable β Ti-1023 alloy under different strains during tensile and compressive deformation was investigated by the help of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, electron backscatter diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The results demonstrate that there is no obvious SIM α^'' stress platform in the compressive stress–strain curve; however, it exhibits a higher yield stress and strain hardening capability than tensile deformation although SIM α^'' and α^'' martensite twinning are the major deformation products that appeared in metastable β Ti-1023 alloy under both tensile and compressive loading. In fact, SIM α^'' is preferentially activated in well-oriented β grains at the beginning of deformation, and those activated variants have the largest phase transformation strain along the loading direction affected by the loading stress state. As the accumulated deformation strain increases, SIM α^'' is reoriented to form a martensite co-deformation region with twin structures through 111α″ type I and <211>α″ type II twinning systems. Then, the primary lath α^'' martensite is consumed, resulting in the development of the 130 <310>α″ and 110 <110>_α^'' deformation twinning inside the martensite. In comparison with tensile deformation, compressive deformation produces a higher volume fraction of SIM α^'' and α^'' martensite twins in β grains, along with a higher density of dislocations in the α^'' martensite and the coordinated deformation region of the martensite. This results in a higher work hardening ability of the alloy under compression and a marked asymmetry of mechanical characteristics compared to tensile deformation.

In this study, we contribute the facile fabrication of tough polyolefin monoliths from their polymer solutions using a phase separation method. Compressive stress-strain tests demonstrate that the monoliths have excellent mechanical properties. The monoliths show macroporous structures where the pore sizes can be tuned from sub-1 to 16 mu m by adjusting the fabrication conditions. The monoliths exhibit high hydrophobicity/ oleophilicity and good resistance toward different chemicals. Based on the above properties, we applied the monoliths to the selective absorption of oil from an oil/water mixture. By simply squeezing the monoliths, the absorbed oil can be recovered. The monoliths are useful for more than 10 cycles of absorption and recovery, showing a good stability for industrial-scale oil spill treatment. (C) 2019 Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The facile fabrication of an elastic monolithic material with a three-dimensional interconnected structure from plastics is still a challenging work. In this study, we report the fabrication of a highly elastic and macroporous monolith from a maleic anhydride (MAH)-grafted polypropylene (PP-g-MAH), which is a low-cost raw material. Simple cooling a PP-g-MAH solution in a mixed solvent of decalin and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone forms a porous physical gel. A monolith was obtained upon exchanging the embedded solvent molecules with acetone. The monolith shows a fibrous network structure with tunable average pore sizes from sub-1 to 10 mu m. In addition, the monolith exhibits a good elasticity with the ability to sustain a stress of 600 kPa at a strain of 30% and recover almost completely to the initial state when the stress is removed. Moreover, the monolith demonstrates high hydrophobicity (a water contact angle of 132 degrees) and super oleophilicity. Based on the above superior characterizations of the monolith, we further proved that it is a good substrate for oil/water separation.