Phosphorus has always been both a curse and a blessing. On the one hand, it is essential for all life forms and cannot be replaced by anything. On the other hand, wastewater treatment aims to minimize phosphorus concentrations in wastewater in order to minimize its discharge into rivers and lakes, where eutrophication caused by high phosphorus concentrations would lead to excessive plant growth. Phosphorus is extracted from rock phosphate deposits, which are finite and non-renewable. And as the issue of resource conservation is the focus of attention worldwide, phosphorus must be used sustainably. This includes recycling of secondary phosphates, efficient extraction and treatment of raw phosphate as well as its efficient use.The book starts from the peculiarity of the element phosphorus in Part I, “Phosphorus a special element”? Part II shows the possibilities and limitations of the elimination of phosphorus during the wastewater treatment. Current developments in phosphorus recovery are presented in Part III, “Phosphorus Recovery – Technology,” where also a large number of technology developments are presented in the context of case studies. Part IV, “Assessment,” shows impulses for future ways. The book concludes with an “Outlook” in Part V.The book is partially based on the book Phosphorus in Environmental Technology – Principles and Application, edited by Eugina Valsami-Jones and published by IWA Publishing in 2004. Various new technologies have been developed since its release, particularly in the area of phosphorus recovery. Phosphorus: Polluter and Resource of the Future discusses all aspects of both Phosphorus elimination and recovery and summarizes the latest state of Phosphorus recovery technologies.This title belongs to Integrated Environmental Technology SeriesISBN: 9781780408354 (Print)ISBN: 9781780408361 (eBook)ISBN: 9781780409542 (ePub)

Coagulation and Flocculation in Water and Wastewater Treatment provides a comprehensive account of coagulation and flocculation techniques and technologies in a single volume covering theoretical principles to practical applications.Thoroughly revised and updated this new edition has been progressively modified and increased in scope to cater for the requirements of practitioners involved with water and wastewater treatment.New topics in this new edition include:activated sludge bulking and foaming control and enhanced bioflocculation;algae removal and harvesting;dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) removal;inorganics removal;turbidity and its measurement;wastewater treatment by coagulation and chemically enhanced primary treatment (CEPT).The book presents the subject logically and sequentially from theoretical principles to practical applications. Successive chapters deal with, in turn, properties of materials present in waters and wastewaters; characteristics and types of coagulants commonly in use; mechanisms and practical implications of destabilization of waterborne material using metal coagulants and polyelectrolytes; considerations and requirements for coagulant addition at the rapid mixing stage; theoretical and practical considerations of flocculation; and details of experimental procedures for assessing primary coagulants, flocculant aids, sludge conditioners, and flocculation parameters. Numerous examples are included as appropriate.Treatment and disposal of sludges resulting from coagulation-flocculation related operations is dealt with in an Appendix. This important topic has been separated from the main text to avoid disturbing the continuum of the presentation.Coagulation and Flocculation in Water and Wastewater Treatment is a readable and useful resource for the water scientist and engineer. It is a convenient reference handbook providing numerous examples and appended information and it is a vital text for course material for undergraduate and postgraduate students.ISBN: 9781780407500 (eBook)ISBN: 9781780407494 (Print)

Three consulting teams conducted independent modelling projects for three different wastewater treatment plants ranging in size from approximately 113,800 m3/d (30 mgd) to 530,000 m3/d (140 mgd), in different parts of the world (USA and Finland). The plants have different treatment objectives ranging from nitrification and partial denitrification (nitrate plus nitrite <8.7 mg/L) to enhanced nutrient removal (total nitrogen <3 mg/L, total phosphorus <0.3 mg/L). Commonly-used models were applied in the case studies, including ASM3 (using the GPS-X simulator), New General (using GPS-X), Dold (using BioWin), and a variation of the Dold model methanol degradation capabilities (NGmeth within GPS-X). The authors compare and contrast the modelling approaches taken, including calibration and validation approaches, sensitivity analyses, and the application of results to full-scale studies, designs and operations. Despite several differences between the approaches, there are many similarities which are discussed in light of the IWA draft uniform protocol for activated sludge modelling. The authors also discuss current modelling limitations and offer suggestions to improve the state of the art.

Obtaining reliably high compaction characteristics and low SVI values has enormous economic consequences on activated sludge plant design and operation. Now that use of selectors has become more common for achieving low SVI values, the assessment of the full-scale performance characteristics of activated sludge plants incorporating selectors has high value for the design and operation of future plants. Treatment plant effluent quality is seldom analyzed solely on an average basis and the impact peak events have on effluent quality must be considered in design and operation. Descriptive statistics should also be used to assess selector performance, so that the influence of infrequently occurring values on plant design and operation can be assessed. The performance of 21 activated sludge plants incorporating selectors was evaluated. All the selector plants for which post installation data were available showed that the operating SVI values were significantly improved. One plant studied in detail showed that final effluent quality was significantly better after the selector installation. As a group, activated sludge plants with anaerobic selectors outperform those with anoxic selectors. Dissolved oxygen control is just as important in activated sludge plants with selectors as in conventional activated sludge plants.