Background Urinary incontinence is the loss of bladder control and is a common condition found more often in women. Incontinence can present in several ways. The various forms of incontinence include urgency urinary incontinence, stress urinary incontinence, and mixed urinary incontinence (a combination of both stress urinary incontinence and urgency urinary incontinence). Studies have been conflicting on the prevalence of UI in obese women compared to non-obese women. The subtypes of incontinence may play a role in the discrepancy currently found in research. In addition to the discrepancy seen between subtypes, there may be a reason to believe there is a difference in incontinence presentation and treatment across genders. Our research strives to understand the influences of gender, obesity, and waist circumference on different types of incontinence. Methodology Data were gathered from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey dataset. Questionnaire data from March 2017 through March 2020 categorized as "Kidney Conditions - Urology" and "Weight History" were collected. Binary logistic regressions were performed to examine the association between variables associated with obesity including body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference and if the participant had a urine leak during physical activities. Covariates such as waist circumference, gender, age, race, educational level, and marital status were controlled for. Results We found that stress incontinence was positively associated with BMI, waist circumference, and age in men with regression coefficients of 0.038, 0.014, and 0.027, respectively, with a p-value <0.05. In women, stress incontinence was also associated with BMI, waist circumference, and age in addition to being white and being married. Linear regression coefficients were 0.036, 0.019, 0.015, -0.473, and -0.285, respectively, with p-values <0.05. Conclusions Our results suggest that BMI, waist circumference, and age are positively correlated with stress incontinence in both men and women. This is consistent with previous literature yet novel in evaluating stress incontinence in men. This would indicate that stress incontinence is similar among men and women which would indicate that weight loss is a therapeutic target for the treatment of stress incontinence in men. However, our findings additionally highlight the correlation between stress incontinence in women and race, a relationship not seen in men. This identifies a possible difference in the pathophysiology of stress incontinence across genders and would require further investigation into therapeutic treatments in men.

Introduction and objectives Nephrolithiasis is universally understood to be a multifactorial disease resulting from genetic and environmental factors including gender, diet, calcium, and uric acid excretion. Notably, several of these factors may be related to body habitus. Because men are more likely to develop kidney stones and on average have a larger body size, height may be an important risk factor for stone formation. Several studies have demonstrated that short adult stature is associated with numerous conditions such as hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and cardiovascular diseases. However, other studies have demonstrated otherwise. Additionally, stones have been shown to be correlated with a high body mass index (BMI). This is likely due to dietary factors. Although height is a component of BMI, there is minimal literature regarding the relationship of height to stone prevalence adjusting for weight. Methods We aimed to examine whether short adult height is associated with the development of kidney stones using a population-based cohort of the National Center for Health Statistics. Data was gathered from National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) “Kidney Conditions - Urology” and “Weight History” questionnaire datasets from March 2017 to March 2020 along with demographic data. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine an association between current self-reported height (inches) and if the participant has ever had kidney stones, controlling for weight, gender, age, race, educational level, and marital status. Results We found that those who were shorter had higher odds of reporting a history of stones (OR: 1.017; 95%CI: 1.005-1.028). This association was found after controlling for covariates such as age, gender, race, education, and weight. In addition, the male gender and Hispanic race had higher odds of reporting a history of stones (OR: 1.43 and 1.073, respectively). Conclusion Our results suggest that short height is related to the prevalence of kidney stones independent of weight, age, gender, and race. This supports previous literature indicating height to be a component of renal disease.

You have accessJournal of UrologyInfertility: Epidemiology & Evaluation I (MP26)1 Apr 2020MP26-16 MISMATCH BETWEEN ATTITUDES TOWARDS FERTILITY AND CLINICAL CARE FOR FERTILITY PRESERVATION IN TRANSGENDER WOMEN: DATA FROM PROJECT AFFIRM Denise Asafu-Adjei*, Joseph M. Caputo, Walter O. Bockting, Jonathan Diah, Joseph Alukal, and Peter J. Stahl Denise Asafu-Adjei*Denise Asafu-Adjei* More articles by this author , Joseph M. CaputoJoseph M. Caputo More articles by this author , Walter O. BocktingWalter O. Bockting More articles by this author , Jonathan DiahJonathan Diah More articles by this author , Joseph AlukalJoseph Alukal More articles by this author , and Peter J. StahlPeter J. Stahl More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000000865.016AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: 1.4 million U.S. adults identify as transgender. Attitudes and knowledge about fertility preservation among transgender women (male sex at birth, but the gender identify is woman) have not been rigorously studied. Moreover, it is not clear to what extent healthcare providers follow recommendations from the World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH) to discuss fertility preservation prior to initiation of gender affirming hormonal or surgical therapies that can permanently impact fertility. The objectives of the current study were to describe attitudes towards fertility amongst transgender women, and to explore the extent to which fertility preservation was offered to these patients in their clinical care. METHODS: A non-randomized survey about fertility and clinical experiences with fertility preservation was developed and distributed to transgender women participating at the Columbia University site of Project AFFIRM, an NIH funded multi-institutional study of transgender identity and health in the U.S. When applicable, data was supplemented with patient interviews. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics. RESULTS: There were 133 participants in this study, average age 34.5 ± 13.6. 37.1% of patients reported a desire to have children in the future, with 15.9% expressing they would possibly like to have children in the future. 21.4% stated it was very important for them to have biological children. 78% of patients were taking gender-affirming hormonal therapy at the time of the survey. 81% of respondents had not taken steps to preserve their fertility. Only 16.5% of transgender women had seen a provider for issues pertaining to reproductive health. Of those who had seen someone, only 6 had been evaluated by a urologist (4.5%). 61% of patients stated that no health care provider discussed sperm banking prior to gender affirming hormone therapy or surgery. 5.5% (7) of patients had undergone sperm retrieval surgery for banking. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first large-scale study examining attitudes towards fertility and clinical practices pertaining to fertility preservation in transgender women. 53% of transgender women indicated that they were definitely or possibly interested in having children, but 61% reported that they had not been offered fertility preservation prior to initiation of gender affirming hormonal or surgical therapies. Efforts to educate providers and patients about fertility preservation in this population could address this clear and important gap in clinical care. Source of Funding: none © 2020 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 203Issue Supplement 4April 2020Page: e406-e407 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2020 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Denise Asafu-Adjei* More articles by this author Joseph M. Caputo More articles by this author Walter O. Bockting More articles by this author Jonathan Diah More articles by this author Joseph Alukal More articles by this author Peter J. Stahl More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...