OBJECTIVE Sleep plays a critical role in children's growth and development. This study examined the frequency and persistence of children's sleep problems following a natural disaster, risk factors for children's sleep problems, and the bidirectional relationship between children's sleep problems and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) over time. METHODS This study assessed 269 children (53% female, M = 8.70 years, SD = 0.95) exposed to Hurricane Ike at 8 months (Time 1) and 15 months (Time 2) post-disaster. Children completed measures of hurricane exposure and related stressors, stressful life events, sleep problems, and PTSS. RESULTS Children's sleep problems were significantly correlated from Time 1 to Time 2 (r = .28, p < .001). Risk factors for sleep problems at Time 2 were younger age, sleep problems at Time 1, and PTSS, not including sleep items, at Time 1. Examinations of the bidirectional relationship between sleep problems and PTSS indicated that PTSS significantly predicted later sleep problems, but sleep problems did not significantly predict later PTSS. CONCLUSIONS Findings demonstrate that PTSS may contribute to the development and course of children's sleep problems post-disaster.

Objectives: Community-based research is a broad approach in which researchers work closely with practitioners and community members to enhance the understanding of a given phenomenon and promote positive outcomes. In the domestic violence (DV) field, community-based research is a particularly useful strategy to develop and evaluate interventions that address unique community needs. Despite the potential benefits of this approach, to our knowledge, no systematic review has synthesized DV-focused interventions and evaluations designed using a community-based research approach. This study aimed to fill that gap. Method: Using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we conducted a systematic review of the literature, retrieving articles that described the collaborative development and evaluation of interventions for DV survivors residing in the United States. Articles were identified from peer-reviewed databases, bibliographies, and experts. Twenty of the 199 articles assessed for eligibility were included. Results: Interventions primarily consisted of small-group sessions focusing on survivors' mental health and safety needs. Evaluations focused on process metrics, although approximately half reported changes in survivors' outcomes. Collaboration generally occurred between DV advocates and applied health care academic teams. Authors described the promotion of collaboration in multiple ways and to varying degrees. Common examples included shared decision-making, recognizing and addressing potential power imbalances, longitudinal relationship building, changing programs based on stakeholder feedback, and co-owned project outputs including coauthorship of manuscripts. Conclusions: This is the first systematic review of interventions to support DV survivors, developed using a community-based research approach. Implications include promoting community-based outcome evaluations and developing guidelines for teams publishing community-based research in the peer-reviewed literature.

BACKGROUND:As access to open data is increasing, researchers gain the opportunity to build integrated datasets and to conduct more powerful statistical analyses. However, using open access data presents challenges for researchers in understanding the data. Visuals allow researchers to address these challenges by facilitating a greater understanding of the information available.OBJECTIVES:This paper illustrates how visuals can address the challenges that researchers face when using open access data, such as: (1) becoming familiar with the data, (2) identifying patterns and trends within the data, and (3) determining how to integrate data from multiple studies.METHOD:This paper uses data from an integrative data analysis study that combined data from prospective studies of children's responses to four natural disasters: Hurricane Andrew, Hurricane Charley, Hurricane Katrina, and Hurricane Ike. The integrated dataset assessed hurricane exposure, posttraumatic stress symptoms, anxiety, social support, and life events among 1707 participants (53.61% female). The children's ages ranged from 7 to 16 years (M = 9.61, SD = 1.60).RESULTS:Visuals serve as an effective method for understanding new and unfamiliar datasets.CONCLUSIONS:In response to the growth of open access data, researchers must develop the skills necessary to create informative visuals. Most research-based graduate programs do not require programming-based courses for graduation. More opportunities for training in programming languages need to be offered so that future researchers are better prepared to understand new data. This paper discusses implications of current graduate course requirements and standard journal practices on how researchers visualize data.

Sexual violence against women is a national and global public health concern that is understudied in immigrant communities. Specifically, little attention has been directed toward sexual violence against women within Indian American communities and toward the role of sociocultural experiences on conceptualizations of sexual violence among this subgroup of immigrant-origin women. The present study, guided by an integrative contextual framework (Garcia Coll & Marks. 2012), aimed to gain in-depth understandings of perspectives and experiences of sexual violence among 1.5- and second-generation Indian American women. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 19 Indian American women, focusing on conceptualizations of sexual violence, socialization concerning gender and sexual violence, experiences of sexual violence and related coping, and views on help-seeking. Conventional content analysis used to analyze the interview data revealed various themes composing 4 broad domains: (a) socialization concerning gender roles, sexuality, and sexual violence; (b) role of immigration and acculturation in conceptualizing sexual violence; (c) psychological impact of sexual violence; and (d) barriers to seeking help. Perspectives on sexual violence and approaches to coping and help-seeking were shaped by interactions among several factors, including socialization within families and ethnic and/or religious communities, the process of acculturation within mainstream U.S. context, and acculturative stress. The findings call for clinical and community-based interventions that consider the complexity of the sociocultural context within which 1.5- and second-generation Indian American women experience and cope with sexual violence. The study underscores the importance of addressing silence regarding sexual violence and barriers to help-seeking among Indian American communities.

Objectives: Community-based research is a broad approach in which researchers work closely with practitioners and community members to enhance the understanding of a given phenomenon and promote positive outcomes. In the domestic violence (DV) field, community-based research is a particularly useful strategy to develop and evaluate interventions that address unique community needs. Despite the potential benefits of this approach, to our knowledge, no systematic review has synthesized DV-focused interventions and evaluations designed using a community-based research approach. This study aimed to fill that gap. Method: Using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we conducted a systematic review of the literature, retrieving articles that described the collaborative development and evaluation of interventions for DV survivors residing in the United States. Articles were identified from peer-reviewed databases, bibliographies, and experts. Twenty of the 199 articles assessed for eligibility were included. Results: Interventions primarily consisted of small-group sessions focusing on survivors’ mental health and safety needs. Evaluations focused on process metrics, although approximately half reported changes in survivors’ outcomes. Collaboration generally occurred between DV advocates and applied health care academic teams. Authors described the promotion of collaboration in multiple ways and to varying degrees. Common examples included shared decision-making, recognizing and addressing potential power imbalances, longitudinal relationship building, changing programs based on stakeholder feedback, and co-owned project outputs including coauthorship of manuscripts. Conclusions: This is the first systematic review of interventions to support DV survivors, developed using a community-based research approach. Implications include promoting community-based outcome evaluations and developing guidelines for teams publishing community-based research in the peer-reviewed literature.

Counseling programs across the country are increasingly incorporating social justice advocacy training into their curricula. However, much remains to be learned about the developmental processes by which students develop advocacy skills and apply those skills after they graduate. To address these questions and drive further innovation in the field of advocacy training, we conducted an evaluation of the Community Advocacy Project, a yearlong microlevel advocacy training model that teaches mental health counseling master's students to use relationship-centered advocacy with individuals in marginalized communities. We interviewed 19 counselors within 2.5 years of their graduation from the project about their experiences of the program and their current advocacy work. Using qualitative description, we developed a model describing processes of Internal Grappling, Building the Advocacy Relationship, and Integrating the Advocate Identity that highlights the importance of a yearlong one-on-one advocacy relationship, intensive reflection and supervision, and community collaboration.