Sketchable Interaction (SI) describes a concept and environment where end-users create regions by drawing on a canvas. These regions apply effects to each other on collision. Attributes of regions, e.g. position, can be linked to each other so that they change together once modified, e.g. moved on the canvas. Within Sketchable Interaction, all entities - mouse pointer, desktop icons, or windows - are implemented as interactive regions. End-users customize this environment by drawing new regions that apply certain actions e.g. tagging files, deleting other regions or automating processes.

The popularity and the high nicotine content of the American pod e-cigarette JUUL have raised many concerns. To comply with European law, the nicotine concentration in the liquids of the European version, which has been recently released on the market, is limited to below 20 mg/mL. This limit can possibly be circumvented by technological adjustments that increase vaporization and consequently, elevate nicotine delivery. In this study, we compare vapor generation and nicotine delivery of the initial European version, a modified European version, and the original American high-nicotine variant using a machine vaping set-up. Additionally, benzoic acid and carbonyl compounds are quantified in the aerosol. Further, concentrations of nicotine, benzoic acid, propylene glycol, and glycerol, along with the density and pH value of JUUL e-liquids have been assessed. Whereas the initial European version did not compensate for the low nicotine content in the liquid, we provide evidence for an increased vaporization by the modified European version. As a consequence, nicotine delivery per puff approximates the American original. Notably, this is not associated with an increased generation of carbonyl compounds. Our data suggest a similar addictiveness of the enhanced European version and the original American product.

The most commonly used dewatering technologies for the filtration of tailings from ore processing are pressure filters, filter presses, belt filters and rotary vacuum disc filters.The vacuum disc filter type in around 80% of all applications is the most economical of these technologies in terms of capital and operating cost, especially when modern high performance disc filters are used.The Boozer disc filter is a big diameter high performance vacuum disc filter that has set the pattern in a multitude of applications including the alumina industry and in dewatering coal slurries.In the past decade, this type of disc filter has established itself in applications of tailings dewatering, such as tailings from gold/copper, zinc and gold/silver mines.The reasons for its successful operation in tailings dewatering are: (a) high throughput and dewatering performance, (b) operational reliability even in the case of varying feed conditions, (c) simple and robust design, (d) ease of maintenance, (e) a small footprint.To achieve higher solids throughput rates, or to achieve the lowest possible filter cake moisture, HiBar filtration and HiBar steam pressure filtration offer new solutions in tailings dewatering.HiBar filtration and the HiBar steam pressure filtration are advanced continuous pressure filtration processes realised on rotary disc filters that are installed in a pressure vessel.The application of hyperbaric pressure of up to 6 bar (instead of a vacuum) ensures a high filtration rate and dewatering capability even with filter cakes of fine particles where high cake resistance and capillary forces in the cake must be overcome.With HiBar steam pressure filtration, the use of steam under special conditions improves demoisturing to the furthest extent, leading to the lowest values of moisture content.The drier HiBar filter cake improves the cake handling and disposal with steeper dumping slopes, resulting in reduced disposal area and improved safety of the disposal site.

We discuss a first version of a extensible study design for a generic image-sorting task. It allows for comparing qualitative and quantitative properties of different interaction styles (e.g., direct manipulation, CLI, tangible interaction), input modalities (e.g., mouse vs. touch screen), output modalities, and UI implementations. Therefore, the study design may be of use for designing reproducible and replicable studies. Study participants are asked to sort a set of 27 photos into five categories where each of the photos depict one distinct topic belonging to only one of the categories. We conducted a first pilot study using this design, comparing a desktop GUI, an interactive tabletop, and physical photos. Task completion time was significantly lower when sorting physical photos than in the other two conditions. The study results may serve as a baseline and show limitations of the preliminary design.

M5Stack: Documentation and Links Feel free to edit this page! General Documentation * Official M5Stack documentation (including pinouts, schematics) * M5Stack GitHub * M5Stack forum * M5Stack website Programming Languages and IDEs The M5Stack modules are built around the popular ESP32 microcontroller. They can be programmed in

Sketchable Interaction: Core Interaction Concepts (2019-06-24) tagged with: sketchable_interaction Sketchable Interaction: Core Interaction Concepts Sketching Mechanic Description Purpose Functionality Sketching Mechanic TL;DR Collision Mechanic

A mixed reality (MR)-based concept for supporting and optimizing the way operators work with automatic printed circuit board (PCB) assembly lines, is proposed. In order to enhance the work process' interface, users are outfitted with a head-mounted display (HMD), so they can both actively access process relevant machine data and passively receive system notifications in a heads-up display (HUD), instead of having to manually query the terminal of the machine of interest at its very location. This approach was implemented and tested in a field study with one of the assembly lines of an electronics manufacturing services (EMS)-company. 30 staff members were recruited as test subjects and 90% of them appreciated the system deployment, due to its noticeable additional benefits compared to the status quo.

A Concept for Sketchable Workspaces and Workflows Authors: Raphael Wimmer, Jurgen Hahn Published in: Workshop *Rethinking Interaction* in conjunction with ACM CHI 2018 (publication page) Date: 2018-04-21 Users can define custom workflows by drawing regions on the desktop that determine how objects within these regions - such as digital documents or windows - behave.

In everyday communication, people effortlessly translate between spatial cognitive frames of reference. For example, a tourist guide translates from a map (the fountain is north-west of the church) into a cognitive frame for a tourist (the fountain in front of the church). While different types of cognitive reference frames and their relevance for language cultures have been studied in considerable depth, we still lack adequate transformation models. In this article, we argue that transformations in current Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are inappropriate to this end. Appropriate transformation models need to go beyond point discretization to take into account vague transformations, in order to deal with forms, sizes, and vagueness of spatial relations relative to ground objects. We argue that neural fields should be used to denote fuzzy positions, directions, and sizes in a particular frame. We propose fuzzy vector spaces to approximate neural field behavior with affine transformations, including fuzzy translation, rotation, and scaling, in order to efficiently transform between different cognitive perspectives. We use an implementation in Haskell to describe a geographic map from the perspective of six well-known cognitive frames of reference. Based on these findings, we give an outlook on the principles of a neural GIS.

Consumers of combustible cigarettes are exposed to many different toxicologically relevant substances associated with negative health effects. Newly developed "heat not burn" (HNB) devices are able to contain lower levels of Harmful and Potentially Harmful Constituents (HPHCs) in their emissions compared to tobacco cigarettes. However, to develop toxicological risk assessment strategies, further independent and standardized investigations addressing HPHC reduction need to be done. Therefore, we generated emissions of a commercially available HNB product following the Health Canada Intense smoking regimen and analyzed total particulate matter (TPM), nicotine, water, aldehydes, and other volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that are major contributors to health risk. We show that nicotine yield is comparable to typical combustible cigarettes, and observe substantially reduced levels of aldehydes (approximately 80-95%) and VOCs (approximately 97-99%). Emissions of TPM and nicotine were found to be inconsistent during the smoking procedure. Our study confirms that levels of major carcinogens are markedly reduced in the emissions of the analyzed HNB product in relation to the conventional tobacco cigarettes and that monitoring these emissions using standardized machine smoking procedures generates reliable and reproducible data which provide a useful basis to assess exposure and human health risks.

Summary Although smoking is responsible for a huge variety of diseases which result in ~16% of the fatalities in the United States and Europe respectively, cigarettes are still being sold far and wide. Mentholated cigarettes were introduced in 1920, since then to today social recognition and the use of flavored tobacco products is still increasing especially within young people. The EU adopted as its measure to reduce tobacco use among adolescents the prohibition of tobacco products with a characteristic flavor by means of the directive 2014/40/EU of the European Parliament and the Council. For this reason, we developed a method for the simultaneous determination of 14 tobacco flavors like menthol, menthol-like and other compounds via gas-chromatography coupled with mass-spectrometry (GC/MS) and analyzed 21 different tobacco products (mentholated and non-mentholated cigarettes, as well as electrically heated tobacco products (EHTPs)) of the German market regarding their flavoring compound patterns. The highest amounts of flavoring compounds were determined in menthol cigarettes (~10,000 μg/stick) whereas non-mentholated cigarettes and EHTPs featured only ~10 μg/stick. In total, seven flavoring compounds like menthol, L-menthone, L-linalool, isopulegol, geraniol, camphor and WS-3 (cooling agent) were available within the samples. Mentholated cigarettes could be clearly identified since > 99% of the measured flavoring compounds was represented by menthol. Although flavoring compounds in non-mentholated cigarettes and EHTPs were quite comparable, they could be differentiated due to different flavoring compound patterns. Brandspecific flavoring compound patterns were not recognized.

Project: Sketchable Interaction Sketchable Interaction is a generic interaction concept that empowers end-users to compose custom user interfaces by drawing interactive regions that represent user interface components. By overlapping or linking such interactive regions, end-users can trigger effects which modify the graphical representations and data of these regions. The goal is to provide a system that better supports end-users in their current computing tasks and enables new methods of wor…

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The aim of this study was to describe the relationship among abstract structure, readability, and completeness, and how these features may influence social media activity and bibliometric results, considering systematic reviews (SRs) about interventions in psoriasis classified by methodological quality.Systematic literature searches about psoriasis interventions were undertaken on relevant databases. For each review, methodological quality was evaluated using the assessing the methodological quality of systematic reviews tool. Abstract extension, structure, readability, and quality and completeness of reporting were analyzed. Social media activity, which consider Twitter and Facebook mention counts, as well as Mendeley readers and Google scholar citations were obtained for each article. Analyses were conducted to describe any potential influence of abstract characteristics on review's social media diffusion.We classified 139 intervention SRs as displaying high/moderate/low methodological quality. We observed that abstract readability of SRs has been maintained high for last 20 years, although there are some differences based on their methodological quality. Free format abstracts were most sensitive to the increase of text readability as compared with more structured abstracts (Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion or eight headings), yielding opposite effects on their quality and completeness depending on the methodological quality: a worsening in low quality reviews and an improvement in those of high quality. Both readability indices and preferred reporting items of systematic reviews and meta-analyses for Abstract total scores showed an inverse relationship with social media activity and bibliometric results in high methodological quality reviews but not in those of lower quality.Our results suggest that increasing abstract readability must be specially considered when writing free format summaries of high-quality reviews because this fact correlates with an improvement of their completeness and quality, and this may help to achieve broader social media visibility and article usage.

A natural language interface can improve human-computer interaction with Geographic Information Systems (GIS). A prerequisite for this is the mapping of natural language expressions onto spatial queries. Previous mapping approaches, using, for example, fuzzy sets, failed because of the flexible and context-dependent use of spatial terms. Context changes the interpretation drastically. For example, the spatial relation "near" can be mapped onto distances ranging anywhere from kilometers to centimeters. We present a context-enriched semiotic triangle that allows us to distinguish between multiple interpretations. As formalization we introduce the notation of contextualized concepts that is tied to one context. One concept inherits multiple contextualized concepts such that multiple interpretations can be distinguished. The interpretation for one contextualized concept corresponds to the intention of the spatial term, and is used as input for a spatial query. To demonstrate our computational model, a next generation GIS is envisioned that maps the spatial relation "near" to spatial queries differently according to the influencing context.

In this paper, we propose an Android-based assistance system called SmileAtMe which uses smile detection as a means of direct interaction in order to rate meme images. A smartphone's front camera captures the user's face while they are interacting with the application on the device. A system evaluation uncovered that users fully understand how the application uses smile detection to rate images. The users attested that the automatic reaction classification works well. However, several of them were uncomfortable with the idea of being observed by their smartphone.

In this paper we propose an augmented reality (AR) based assistance system for reliably teaching the assembly process of printed circuit boards (PCB) to workers by using a smart glass running a self-developed software. The system is operated freehand by looking at QR-Codes and highlights a component's retrieval location and installation point in the user's field of vision by using four markers. A study executed in a production line of an Electronics Manufacturing Services (EMS)-company resulted in an errorless performance of each individual participant who was equipped with the system. This paper describes the related work, concept and implementation of the software as well as the conducted study and its results. Finally a conclusion summarizes the success of the system and hints at future work.

Humans have developed several strategies to ensure that communication is successful. For example, humans take another person's perspective into account when they design the content of a message. Furthermore, communicated messages exhibit frequent level of detail changes due to the interactive nature of conversations. In this paper, we look at an instance of spatial knowledge transfer that occurs if one person requests route instructions from a knowledgeable source. More specifically, using a quantum cognition approach, we model the process of perspective taking in such a scenario. Our work contributes to the ongoing research effort to make information systems capable of mimicking human-style communication.

Electronic (e-)cigarettes have emerged in recent years as putative alternative to conventional tobacco cigarettes. These products do not contain typical carcinogens that are present in tobacco smoke, due to the lack of combustion. However, besides nicotine, hazards can also arise from other constituents of liquids, such as solvents, flavors, additives and contaminants. In this study, we have analyzed 28 liquids of seven manufacturers purchased in Germany. We confirm the presence of a wide range of flavors to enhance palatability. Although glycerol and propylene glycol were detected in all samples, these solvents had been replaced by ethylene glycol as dominant compound in five products. Ethylene glycol is associated with markedly enhanced toxicological hazards when compared to conventionally used glycerol and propylene glycol. Additional additives, such as coumarin and acetamide, that raise concerns for human health were detected in certain samples. Ten out of 28 products had been declared “free-of-nicotine” by the manufacturer. Among these ten, seven liquids were identified containing nicotine in the range of 0.1–15 µg/ml. This suggests that “carry over” of ingredients may occur during the production of cartridges. We have further analyzed the formation of carbonylic compounds in one widely distributed nicotine-free brand. Significant amounts of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and propionaldehyde were only found at 150 °C by headspace GC–MS analysis. In addition, an enhanced formation of aldehydes was found in defined puff fractions, using an adopted machine smoking protocol. However, this effect was delayed and only observed during the last third of the smoking procedure. In the emissions of these fractions, which represent up to 40 % of total vapor volume, similar levels of formaldehyde were detected when compared to conventional tobacco cigarettes. By contrast, carbonylic compounds were hardly detectable in earlier collected fractions. Our data demonstrate the necessity of standardized machine smoking protocols to reliably address putative risks of e-cigarettes for consumers.

Filtration of tailings and paste from ore processing is gaining more and more importance since the recovery of water from the process reduces the intake of the limited resource water.The Boozer disc filter represents the new generation of disc filters, which is currently used in the alumina industry and in the dewatering of coal slurries.The disc filter is moving more and more into applications of tailings dewatering.The paper reports on the operation experience of filtration and dewatering of gold/copper tailings for mine backfill with the disc filter and gives a comparison of capital expenditure/operational expenditure (CAPEX/OPEX) data. Typical properties of tailingsTailings from ore processing are generally non-valuable products which have to be disposed of in an environmentally sound, secure and economic way.Typical properties of tailings, with respect to filtration, can be summarised as follows: Very fine particle sizes, mostly in the range of d50 = 1 micron up to 50 micron. The formed filter cakes have a sticky behaviour and are difficult to release from filter fabric. The pH value is often low or high, i.e. tailings often have corrosive properties. Solids content is typically in the range of 50-70 wt% due to thickening. Clay content depending on orebody can hinder filtration and dewatering.