Introduction Mental health-related stigma occurs not only within the public community but is also an issue among healthcare professionals. The relationship between national culture and provider stigma remains yet to be empirically attested. Objectives We performed a cross-sectional multicentre study across 32 European countries to investigate the attitudes of psychiatrists towards patients with mental health problems. We aimed to examine the relationship of attitude with country-specific indicators. Methods We measured stigmatizing attitudes using the Opening Minds Stigma Scale for Health Care Providers (OMS-HC) within an online survey among specialists and trainees in general adult, child and adolescent psychiatry. Its total score was correlated with the Human Development Index (HDI), the Democracy Index (DI), the Social Progress Index (SPI), the number of psychiatrists per 100,000 people, and the Hofstede dimensions. Latent class analysis was done to find subgroups of countries according to the stigmatizing attitudes of psychiatrists and the six Hofstede dimensions. Results Altogether, n=4245 participants completed the survey. The total score of the OMS-HC significantly correlated with the long-term orientation (r=0.453, p=0.015) and indulgence dimensions (r=-0.629, p<0.0001) and with the HDI (r=-0.503, p=0.005), DI (r=-0.418, p=0.024), SPI (r=-0.348, p=0.040). The latent class analysis separated high- and low-stigma countries. High stigma was associated with high power distance and uncertainty scores. Conclusions Findings from this study not only expand knowledge of factors related to stigmatizing attitudes of healthcare professionals, but also enlighten the cultural aspects of the stigma that could contribute to the further development of anti-stigma programs. Disclosure of Interest D. Őri Grant / Research support from: Research grant form the Fulbright Association, P. Szocsics: None Declared, T. Molnár: None Declared, L. Bankovska Motlova: None Declared, O. Kazakova: None Declared, S. Mörkl: None Declared, M. Wallies: None Declared, M. Abdulhakim: None Declared, S. Boivin: None Declared, K. Bruna: None Declared, C. Cabaços: None Declared, E. A. Carbone: None Declared, E. Dashi: None Declared, G. Grech: None Declared, S. Greguras: None Declared, I. Ivanovic: None Declared, K. Guevara: None Declared, S. Kakar: None Declared, K. Kotsis: None Declared, I. Klinkby: None Declared, J. Maslak: None Declared, S. Matheiken: None Declared, A. Mirkovic: None Declared, N. Nechepurenko: None Declared, A. Panayi: None Declared, A. Pereira: None Declared, E. Pomarol-Clotet: None Declared, S. Raaj: None Declared, P. Rus Prelog: None Declared, J. Soler-Vidal: None Declared, R. Strumila: None Declared, F. Schuster: None Declared, H. Kisand: None Declared, A. Reim: None Declared, G. Ahmadova: None Declared, M. Vircik: None Declared, H. Yilmaz Kafali: None Declared, N. Grinko: None Declared, Z. Győrffy: None Declared, S. Rózsa: None Declared

Introduction Since the literature investigating the stigmatising attitudes of psychiatrists is scarce, this is the first study which examines the phenomena across Europe. The Opening Minds Stigma Scale for Health Care Providers (OMS-HC) is a widely used questionnaire to measure stigma in healthcare providers towards people with mental illness, although it has not been validated in many European countries. Objectives A cross-sectional, observational, multi-centre study was conducted in 32 European countries to investigate the attitudes towards patients among specialists and trainees in general adult and child psychiatry. In order to be able to compare stigma scores across cultures, we aimed to calculate measurement invariance. Methods An internet-based, anonymous survey was distributed in the participating countries, which was completed by n=4245 psychiatrists. The factor structure of the scale was investigated by using separate confirmatory factor analyses for each country. The cross-cultural validation was based on multigroup confirmatory factor analyses. Results When country data were analysed separately, the three dimensions of the OMS-HC were confirmed, and the bifactor model showed the best model fit. However, in some countries, a few items were found to be weak. The attitudes towards patients seemed favourable since stigma scores were less than half of the reachable maximum. Results allowed comparison to be made between stigma scores in different countries and subgroups. Conclusions This international cooperation has led to the cross-cultural validation of the OMS-HC on a large sample of practicing psychiatrists. The results will be useful in the evaluation of future anti-stigma interventions and will contribute to the knowledge of stigma. Disclosure No significant relationships.

Since the onset of COVID-19 pandemic, concerns have been raised about the effects of the pandemic on youth with pre-existing mental health disorders. The present study aimed to explore change in emotional and behavioral symptoms (mood states) and daily behaviors during the lockdown in a clinical sample of children and adolescents in Greece. A cross-sectional survey, using the CoRonavIrus Health Impact Survey (CRISIS) Questionnaire, was completed by 738 parents of children and adolescents aged 2–18 years attending 12 outpatient child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) across four geographical regions in Greece. Participants reported at a single time-point on their children's mood states and daily behaviors 3 months prior to the pandemic and during the past two weeks, as well as on life changes during the spring 2020 lockdown. Using paired samples t-tests no change was found in mean mood states scores pre- and post-pandemic onset in all subgroups investigated. Using McNemar's test, we found that among individual mood states, some symptoms increased, and others decreased or remained stable. Additionally, participants did rate several of their daily behaviours as having overall worsened, e.g., reduced sleep or time spent outdoors during the lockdown, as compared to 3 months prior the pandemic. Longitudinal studies are needed to ascertain which factors buffer against deterioration of mental health among children with pre-pandemic psychiatric or developmental disorders, in order to inform public mental health and educational policy.

Introduction As the Covid-19 pandemic brought about travel and social restrictions, many activities including specialty training events for medical specialty trainees moved online. The European Federation of Psychiatric Trainees, European Society for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and hild and Adolescent Psychiatry (CAP) Section of UEMS joined forces to turn challenges into an opportunity for CAP trainees and jointly organized the 1st ESCAP/UEMS-CAP/EFPT Training Day. Objectives The main aim was to offer CAP trainees throughout Europe high quality and up to date training content free of charge, making use of the different strengths of the organizing associations. Methods Content of the Training Day was prepared according to feedback and demand from CAP trainees, collected through a questionnaire prior to the event. This event took place online and ran 9 webinars/workshops as well as a plenary case session where trainees presented real life cases made more challenging with the pandemic and representatives from 3 organizing associations discussed the cases from different perspectives. Remaining webinars/workshops covered a wide range of themes including but not limited to research, leadership, administrative and management skills as well as scientific topics such as eating disorders, medically unexplained symptoms, psychosis. Results Almost 200 CAP trainees from 31 countries participated in the event and received certificates of completion. The outcome of the event is being evaluated via quantitative and qualitative methods and similar events will be planned accordingly. Conclusions 1st ESCAP/UEMS-CAP/EFPT Training Day for CAP trainees was a success for reaching many trainees from across Europe and experimenting with different formats which will inspire future initiatives. Disclosure No significant relationships.

Introduction Many people think that people with mental disorders might be dangerous or unpredictable. These patients face various sources of disadvantages and experience discrimination in job interviews, in education, and housing. Mental health-related stigma occurs not only within the public community, it is a growing issue among professionals as well. Our study is the first that investigates the stigmatising attitude of psychiatrists across Europe. Objectives We designed a cross-sectional, observational, multi-centre, international study of 33 European countries to investigate the attitude towards patients among medical specialists and trainees in the field of general adult and child and adolescent psychiatry. Methods An internet-based, anonymous survey will measure the stigmatising attitude by using the local version of the Opening Minds Stigma Scale for Health Care Providers. Data gathering started in July this year and will continue until December 2020. Results This study will be the first to describe the stigmatising attitude of psychiatric practitioners across Europe from their perspectives. Conclusions The study will contribute to knowledge of gaps in stigmatising attitude towards people with mental health problems and will provide with new directions in anti-stigma interventions. Disclosure No significant relationships.

The polycrystalline Sm and Mn co-substituted bismuth ferrites Bi1-xSmxFe0.95Mn0.05O3 (x = 0.08 and 0.16) with composition near the morphotropic phase boundary have been prepared using a modified solid-state reaction method. The Bi0.92Sm0.08Fe0.95Mn0.05O3 ceramic possesses single rhombohedral phase, whereas the Bi0.84Sm0.16Fe0.95Mn0.05O3 ceramic consists of both the R3c and Pnma phases. The addition of Sm and Mn not only enhances density and grain uniformity but also suppresses the spiral spin modulation which improves the polarization and magnetization. Excellent ferroelectric properties of microdomains are attained in the Bi0.92Sm0.08Fe0.95Mn0.05O3 ceramic. The transition of the nonpolar/antipolar phase to the polar phase and the polarization switching induced by the electric field occur in the Bi0.84Sm0.16Fe0.95Mn0.05O3 ceramic.

Background Illness perceptions and psychological distress are important in determining outcomes in rheumatic diseases. Objectives We aimed to assess illness perceptions and psychological distress and their associations with Physical health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in primary Sjogren9s Syndrome (pSS), Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and Rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods In 57 pSS, 75 SLE and 199 RA patients we administered the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), the Symptom Distress Check-List (SCL-90-R) and the Brief-Illness Perception Questionnaire (B-IPQ) to assess psychological variables and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument, Short-Form (WHOQOL-BREF) to assess HRQoL. Hierarchical regression models were used adjusting for demographic and clinical variables. Results The prevalence of clinically significant depressive symptoms (PHQ-9≥10) was 24.6% in pSS, 29.3% in SLE and 25.1% in RA. Patients with pSS showed little understanding of their disease (comprehensibility) and attributed more symptoms to their illness (identity) compared to SLE and RA. Depressive symptoms and concerns about the consequences of the disease were associated with Physical HRQoL independently of pain, disease duration and disease severity in all three diseases. In pSS, however, the patients9 worries about the consequences of their illness totally mediated the relationship of pain with Physical HRQoL. Moreover, SLE patients9 concerns about numerous bodily symptoms attributed to the illness (illness identity) were also important independent correlates of Physical HRQoL. Conclusions These findings indicate that patients9 illness perceptions are important correlates of HRQoL in these disease groups and encourage the design of psychotherapeutic trials targeting disease-related cognitions in an attempt to improve patients9 HRQoL. Disclosure of Interest None declared DOI 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3177

Objective Symptoms of psychological distress, including anxiety and depressive symptoms, and illness perceptions are important in determining outcome in patients with rheumatic disease. We aimed to compare psychological distress in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to test whether the association between psychological variables and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) was similar in the 2 forms of arthritis. Methods In 83 PsA patients and 199 RA patients, we used the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9), the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised, and the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire to assess psychological variables and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument, Short Form to assess HRQOL. We used hierarchical regression analysis to determine the associations between psychological variables and HRQOL after adjusting for demographic variables and disease parameters. Results The prevalence of moderate to severe levels of depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 score =10) was 21.7% in PsA patients, 25.1% in RA patients, and 36.7% in those PsA patients with polyarthritis. After adjustment for severity of disease and pain, anxiety (beta = -0.28) and concern about bodily symptoms attributed to the illness (beta = -0.33) were independent correlates of physical HRQOL in PsA. In RA, depressive symptoms (beta = -0.29) and concern about the consequences of the arthritis (beta = -0.27) were independent correlates of physical HRQOL. Conclusion These findings suggest strongly that psychological factors are important correlates of HRQOL in PsA as well as in RA. Attention to patients' anxiety and their concern about numerous bodily symptoms attributed to the illness may enable rheumatologists to identify and manage treatable aspects of HRQOL in PsA.

Objectives Symptoms of psychological distress and illness perceptions influence outcomes in rheumatologic patients. We aimed to assess the prevalence of psychological distress symptoms and illness perceptions in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to test whether the association between psychological variables and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was similar in the two forms of arthritis. Methods In 83 PsA and 199 RA patients we used the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), the Symptom Check-List (SCL-90-R) and the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (B-IPQ) to assess psychological variables and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument - Short-Form (WHOQOL-BREF) to assess physical HRQoL. Hierarchical regression models were built to test their independent contribution to Physical HRQoL after adjusting for demographic variables and disease parameters. Results The prevalence of major depressive disorder as indicated by a PHQ-9 score ≥10 was 21.7% in PsA, 25.1% in RA, and 36.7% in those PsA patients with polyarthritis. After adjustment for severity of disease and pain, anxiety (b=-0.28) and concern about bodily symptoms attributed to the illness (b=-0.33) were independent correlates of physical HRQoL in PsA. In RA, depression (b=-0.29) and concern about the consequences of the arthritis (b=-0.27) were independent correlates of physical HRQoL. Conclusions These findings suggest that psychological factors are important correlates of HRQoL in PsA, as well as in RA. Attention to patients’ anxiety and their concern about numerous bodily symptoms attributed to the illness may enable rheumatologists to identify and manage treatable aspects of HRQoL in PsA. Disclosure of Interest None Declared

Isotropic Compton profiles of polycrystalline calcium in the f.c.c. (room temperature) and b.c.c. structure (525 °C) have been measured in situ with an 241 Am 59.54 keV γ-ray spectrometer. The band structure, electron momentum density and directional Compton profiles of Ca (b.c.c.) have been calculated and discussed by means of a self-consistent augmented-plane-wave method within the local-density approximation. A comparison of the experimental absolute Compton profiles with the theoretical calculations previously reported for the f.c.c. structure and the new ones for the b.c.c. structure exhibits a good quantitative agreement within 3 to 4% of the J(0) value. Experimental and theoretical differences between the Compton profiles in the two structures are within 1% and 0.5% of the J(0) value, indicating that the isotropic electron momentum density is relatively insensitive to this structural phase transition.

The measured intensities of the three beam X-ray diffraction 2223–33 on silicon crystal, for two modes of polarization, show strong dependence from the polarization mode of the incoming X-ray beam. These results are interpreted within the kinematical theory of X-ray diffraction indicating that when the diffracted beam by the secondary plane is parallel to the crystal surface the kinematical approach is a valid approximation.

Difference Compton profiles of ZrH2 and Zr of the same optical thickness, have been measured with 241Am 59.54KeV gamma radiation. The difference profile between the hydride and the host metal is compared with predictions of various models on the behaviour of the stored hydrogen. A modified version of the existing protonic model, provides good agreement between theory and experiment.

The observed fine structure of the umweg peaks is interpreted in a simple way of calculation, as interference of the primary and the additional diffracted beams. The diffractions from the secondary and the coupling planes are treated as diffraction by an asymmetrical cut crystal within the dynamical diffraction approximation. This treatment leads to a quantitative explanation of the experimental curves 222/313, 222/331, 222/5-51, 222/5-1-3, and 222/7-13.

The construction of an X-ray wavelength dispersive flat crystal spectrometer using an n-beam diffraction peak is presented here. Such a spectrometer, although it is as simple as a flat crystal Bragg spectrometer, provides higher energy resolution than any other wavelength dispersive spectrometer available today. We demonstrate that by selecting the appropriate crystal and umweg peak for the under investigation wavelength area, the energy resolution can exceed the value of 10(5).

Rocking curves of the Si(222) reflection have been measured with sigma-polarized incident radiation in the Aufhellung region of a Renninger scan near an n-beam interaction point. Even with an angular resolution DELTA-theta = +/-8", much larger than the intrinsic width of this weak reflection, these curves show a structure with two or more peaks, deviating markedly from that of the standard shape of a (convoluted) weak reflection. Details of the structure vary with the azimuthal angular distance from the interaction point, with the reciprocal-lattice vectors involved in the interaction, and with wavelength. Several typical examples of rocking curves obtained under different experimental conditions are presented and the probable origin and consequences of this structure are discussed.

physica status solidi (a)Volume 128, Issue 2 p. K61-K66 Short Note Source of Misindexing of the Umweg Peaks in the Renninger Scan N. G. Alexandropoulos, N. G. Alexandropoulos Department of Physics, University of Ioannina Department of Physics, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn Search for more papers by this authorK. T. Kotsis, K. T. Kotsis Department of Physics, University of Ioannina Search for more papers by this author N. G. Alexandropoulos, N. G. Alexandropoulos Department of Physics, University of Ioannina Department of Physics, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn Search for more papers by this authorK. T. Kotsis, K. T. Kotsis Department of Physics, University of Ioannina Search for more papers by this author First published: 16 December 1991 https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.2211280232 P.O. Box 1186, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. 333 Jay str., Brooklyn, New York 11201, USA. AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Volume128, Issue216 December 1991Pages K61-K66 RelatedInformation

The structure of the rocking curves observed close to a dynamical n-beam point is described. Data recorded on the 16C NSLS X-ray beam from a perfect single crystal of Si[222] are presented. These data demonstrate rocking curves with two and in some cases three peaks, one at a fixed position and the others at different positions. Their position and intensity are a function of the distance from the n-beam interaction peaks.