Tubular g-C3N4/Cu3Mo2O9 (CNCM) heterojunction was synthesized via an ultrasound-assisted self-assembly strategy and applied for the photocatalysis-self-Fenton mitigation of algal blooms. The results demonstrate that the CNCM-0.20 sample achieved an algal inactivation efficiency of 96.23% within 2 h. Changes in properties such as decrease in the absolute zeta potential and increase in intracellular non-electrolyte content suggest disruption of algal cell structure and loss of cell membrane integrity. Characterization results confirm that CNCM-0.20 enhances the separation efficiency of photogenerated charges. Free radical trapping experiments further confirmed that ·O2- is the primary reactive species in the deactivation process, and that it generates H2O2 and converts to ·OH, forming a highly efficient photocatalysis-self-Fenton system. Density functional theory calculations revealed that the work function of g-C3N4 (4.20 eV) is substantially lower than that of Cu3Mo2O9 (7.61 eV). This disparity drives spontaneous interfacial electron migration from g-C3N4 to Cu3Mo2O9, giving rise to built-in electric field (IEF) and band bending. Results from charge density difference mapping and Bader charge calculations indicated that approximately 0.2 e of net charge was transferred across the interface. Subsequently, under light excitation, the migration of photo-generated electrons is hindered by band bending and the IEF, while holes migrate along the IEF direction. The charge transfer pathway was verified at the molecular level.

The extensive proliferation of algae in aquatic environments leads to eutrophication, which compromises water quality and poses risks to human health. Ultrafiltration technology have gained significant popularity as a method for algal separation, attributed to its high efficiency in separation and minimal spatial footprint. However, the similarity in size between algal cells and the pores of ultrafiltration membranes frequently leads to membrane fouling during the filtration process. To address this challenge, this study develops an in-situ oxidation filtration system that integrating persulfate activated technology with membrane filtration. Initially, the CuO/MnFe2O4 polyvinylidene fluoride ultrafiltration membranes with high catalytic activity was fabricated using non-solvent induced phase inversion method. To enhance reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity further, sunlight irradiation was incorporated into the PMS activation system to synergistically activate PMS with the catalytic ultrafiltration membrane. In the CuO/MnFe2O4 and sunlight irradiation system, the removal rate of chlorophyll a could reach 86.3% within 60 minutes, and the removal rate of Microcystis aeruginosa cells can reach 98%.Compared to PVDF membranes and CuO/MnFe2O4-PVDF membranes single filtration, the membrane flux increased 9% and 13% at the end of the filtration in sunlight and catalytic membranes oxidation system. Furthermore, the CuO/MnFe2O4-PVDF membranes and sunlight system showed the lowest total membrane fouling resistance (2.6040×1012m-1). The XDLVO theory was clarified the thermodynamic interaction energy between the algal solution and the membranes. The results demonstrated a repulsive interaction at the equilibrium distance (ΔGTOT=6.5934 mJ/m2) between CuO/MnFe2O4-PVDF membranes and algal solution, indicating that algal adhesion on the membrane surface requires overcoming a significant energy barrier. The main reactive oxygen species was explored by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis. The result showed that⋅OH、SO4·-、·O2- and 1O2 was attributed to disrupt the structural integrity of algal cells and further oxidized the organic materials released during the processes. This in-situ oxidation filtration system introduced a groundbreaking approach for treating water containing algae by combining advanced oxidation technology with membrane filtration.

Nitrogen oxides (NOx), emitted from the stationary pollution source flue, such as industrial furnaces, boilers, and chemical plants, are major contributors to urban air pollution. The design and development of efficient NH3-SCR catalyst for NOx abatement remains challenging. Herein, a series of transition metal (Mn, Cr, and V) doped CeWOx catalysts were elaborately prepared by a facile urea homogeneous precipitation. Their structure, acidity, and redox properties were characterized using XRD, XPS, H2-TPR, NH3-TPD, and the effect of transition metals introduction on the adsorption and activation of NOx/NH3 was probed by in-situ DRIFTS spectra. Experimental results showed that the introduction of diverse transition metals significantly influences the surface acidity and redox property of CeWOx catalyst. Mn doped CeWOx exhibited the optimal low-temperature NH3-SCR performance and the broadest activity temperature window with almost 100% NOx conversion in 160-300 degrees C, notably superior to Cr and V doped CeWOx counterparts. The intrinsic reason should be attributed to the incorporation of Mn into CeWOx weakened the Ce-O covalency by 4f-3d coupling, which not only promoted the lattice distortion and oxygen-vacancy formation, but also modulated the surface acidity, together facilitating the adsorption and activation of NOx/NH3 in the whole test temperature range. The work establishes transition-metal-mediated covalency modulation as a fundamental design principle for efficient low-temperature SCR catalysts.

For excess sludge generated by municipal sewage treatment plants, its extremely high water content is primarily ascribed to the robust hydrophilicity of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). In this study, to address this issue, a magnetic MnFe2O4-modified sludge biochar composite (MBC) was synthesized through a hydrothermal method, which was applied to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for enhancing sludge dewatering performance. The findings demonstrated that the MBC with the optimal Fe/BC mass ratio exhibited a high BET specific surface area of 210.22 m2/g and a well-developed mesoporous structure. Under the optimized conditioning parameters, the water content (Wc) of dewatered sludge cake was reduced from the raw sludge’s baseline 80.1% down to 62.23%, while the sludge specific filtration resistance (SRF) presented a marked reduction from the original 10.9 × 1012 m/kg to 3.08 × 1012 m/kg after conditioning. This system kept excellent dewatering efficiency within a broad initial pH range of 3–9, and the MBC collected through magnetic separation still maintained 81.98% of its initial dewatering performance after four consecutive reuse cycles. Mechanism analysis indicates that the redox cycles of Mn(II)/Mn(III) and Fe(II)/Fe(III) on the MBC surface can efficiently activate PMS to generate reactive oxygen species dominated by SO4•− and •OH, which can combine with the adsorption effect of biochar to achieve thorough degradation of EPS, improve sludge hydrophobicity and reduce filtration resistance. This study provides an efficient and eco-friendly technical strategy for the deep dewatering and resource recycling of excess sludge.

Fe-SSZ-13 has emerged as a promising catalyst for SCR of NOx in diesel vehicle exhaust due to its excellent medium-to-high temperature NH3-SCR activity. However, the inferior low-temperature performance and poor resistance to SO2 poisoning have limited its practical application. In this study, a series of Ce-based solid solutionmodified Fe-SSZ-13 catalysts (denoted as Fe-SZ-13/CM-x) were designed and synthesized via a simple hydrothermal method. The effects of incorporating the Ce-based solid solution on the structure, chemical properties, electronic environment, and catalytic performances of Fe-SZ-13/CM-x catalysts were systematically investigated through various characterization techniques and activity tests. The results indicated that Ce-based solid solution oxides were uniformly embedded on the surface of Fe-SSZ-13, forming abundant interfaces, which not only optimized the electronic environment (e.g., Fe2+/Fe3+ and Ce3+/Ce4+ ratios) and enhanced redox capacity and oxygen vacancy concentration, but also provided sacrificial sites that protected active Fe species from SO2 poisoning. As a result, the Fe-SZ-13/CM-2 catalyst exhibited significantly improved resistance to SO2 poisoning and the broadest active temperature window, achieving 90 % NOx conversion between 210 degrees C and 445 degrees C, which can be attributed to its well-balanced acidity and redox properties. This work offers an effective strategy to enhance the low-temperature activity and SO2 resistance of Fe-SSZ-13 catalyst.

Membrane fouling induced by natural organic matter (NOM) remains a major challenge limiting the efficient and stable operation of ceramic membrane (CM) filtration. Coupling membrane filtration with advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), together with the development of catalytic CM, offers an effective strategy for fouling mitigation. Guided by the concept of “treating waste with waste”, this study fabricated a MnCo2O4/CM catalytic membrane using a solid-waste-derived CM as the substrate, and evaluated its performance for humic acid (HA) removal and the associated fouling mitigation mechanism in a peroxymonosulfate (PMS)-assisted filtration system. The MnCo2O4/CM + PMS system exhibited both efficient HA removal and strong antifouling performance: HA removal reached 98.4% within the first 10 min and remained above 85% thereafter, while TOC and COD removals reached 57.0% and 85.0%, respectively. Meanwhile, the MnCo2O4/CM + PMS system reduced the ratio of irreversible to reversible fouling resistance from 3.2 for the CM system to 0.8, and the flux recovery ratio after backwashing reached 86.2%. XDLVO analysis, Hermia model fitting, and Pearson correlation analysis demonstrated that the MnCo2O4/CM + PMS system weakened membrane-foulant interfacial adhesion, delayed the transition from pore blocking to dense cake-layer formation, and promoted the transformation of irreversible internal pore blockage into reversible surface deposition. Characterization of the fouled membranes further confirmed that MnCo2O4/CM maintained good structural integrity under strongly oxidative conditions. Quenching experiments, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed that HA degradation was jointly driven by a 1O2-dominated nonradical pathway and radical pathways involving SO4·-, ·OH, and ·O2−. Further mechanistic evidence indicated that Co/Mn synergistic redox cycling, high-valent Co/Mn-oxo species, and interfacial electron transfer contributed to PMS activation. HPLC-MS analysis combined with toxicity prediction suggested that HA was mainly transformed into less toxic low-molecular-weight products through denitration, aromatic ring-opening, and carbon-chain cleavage. Moreover, the system maintained favorable NOM removal and flux recovery performance in actual surface water. This study integrates NOM removal, membrane fouling mitigation, and high-value utilization of solid waste, providing a promising route for the development of green functional membrane materials and water pollution control.

Ceramic membranes exhibit significant advantages in wastewater treatment; however, their high production costs have severely restricted large-scale engineering applications. In this study, coal gangue and river sediment were employed as raw materials to develop a novel ceramic support. The effects of sintering temperature, coal gangue proportion, and particle size on the properties of the ceramic support were systematically investigated. The support was characterized and analyzed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis, and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. Additionally, the response surface methodology was employed to optimize the preparation process. The ceramic support achieves the optimal comprehensive performance under the conditions of a sintering temperature of 1056 degrees C, a coal gangue proportion of 65 %, and a particle size of 200 mesh: the pure water flux is 569.8 Lm-2 h-1 & sdot;bar-1, the bending strength reaches 24.3 MPa, the average pore size is 2.38 mu m, the porosity is 15.6 %, the shrinkage rate is 6.9 %, and the removal efficiency of Microcystis aeruginosa exceeds 86.7 %. The fouling mechanisms were further elucidated using the combined pore blockage-cake filtration model. Moreover, the support exhibited excellent regeneration performance and chemical stability. This study verifies the feasibility of preparing ceramic supports via the resource utilization of coal gangue and river sediment, and also provides theoretical and technical support for the high-efficiency and low-cost treatment of algal-laden wastewater. It conforms to the sustainable development concepts of "treating waste with waste" and "environmental protection", and possesses significant environmental benefits and broad application prospects.

Membrane distillation (MD) is a promising technology for wastewater reuse. However, its industrial applications are severely limited by inherent membrane fouling issues and the challenge of concentrate disposal. To address these bottlenecks, a novel self-cleaning catalytic membrane was developed by integrating heterogeneous Fenton catalysis with the MD process, enabling synergistic pollutant degradation and water recovery from wastewater. It was fabricated by grafting iron oxychloride (FeOCl) catalytic layers onto a hydrophobic polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) substrate, where polydopamine self-assembly and a silane coupling agent were employed as the bridging medium for stable grafting. The as-prepared membrane exhibited excellent heterogeneous Fenton catalytic activity toward efficient pollutant elimination, endowing the membrane with superior self-cleaning and anti-fouling performance. Moreover, the modified membrane delivers outstanding MD separation performance, achieving a substantially higher water flux than the pristine PTFE membrane even under prolonged operation, while maintaining robust long-term stability. Finally, the membrane proved effective in treating diverse refractory wastewaters, including those containing reactive brilliant blue KN-R dye, sodium dodecyl sulfate surfactant and the emerging contaminant tetracycline. This study offers valuable insights into the catalytic modification of hydrophobic membranes, highlighting the potential of catalytic membranes in an integrated Fenton-MD process to simultaneously degrade pollutants and recover water, thereby advancing the industrial implementation of MD technology in wastewater treatment.

The core-shell hierarchical porous silica nanospheres (HSN) with radially open pore structure and controllable pore size were successfully synthesized by the hydrothermal synthesis and shear force assisted interface co- assembly method. The modified HSN (NA-HSN) were obtained after the functionalization with -NH2 group and post-grafting with Al. The corresponding bifunctional catalysts (Pt/NA-HSN) with ultrafine Pt nanoparticles were prepared for selective hydrogenation of naphthalene. The open hierarchical configuration could promote the accessibility of Pt active sites and mass transfer of the reactants and the products. The post-modification by -NH2 group and Al could improve the acid properties and promote the directional anchoring of Pt active metal. The optimum Pt/NA-HSN-4 catalyst presented the naphthalene conversion of 100 %, the decalin yield of 96.4 %, the trans/cis ratio of 7.8, the kinetic constant of 1.55*10-5 mol center dot g- 1 center dot s- 1 and turnover frequency (TOF) value of 11.9 min- 1, which was better than other series investigated catalysts. The excellent hydrogenation performance of Pt/NA-HSN-4 catalyst is mainly related to the synergistic effect of core-shell hierarchical porous structure, suitable acidity and ultrafine Pt particles. This work has far-reaching implications for the use of decalin as the hydrogen storage medium and high value-added products.

The swift progression of industrialization poses a profound threat to environmental integrity, giving rise to environmental pollution and a consequential imbalance in ecosystems, thereby compromising public health. Consequently, the exigency for environmental remediation has become both urgent and imperative. Within this context, the burgeoning research field of piezoelectric catalysis has ushered in transformative and sustainable advancements in catalytic processes, untethered from the reliance on luminous energy or electricity inputs. This novel approach exhibits efficacy in generating reactive substances tailored to combat refractory contaminations. This comprehensive review delineates state-of-the-art progressions in piezoelectric materials, characterization instruments, mechanisms, and their applications in environmental decontamination. The exploration encompasses piezoelectric catalysis, piezo-photocatalysis, and various piezo-Fenton-like processes, including piezocatalytic H2O2 evolution, piezo-self cycled Fenton-like, and piezocatalytic persulfate and ozonation. A meticulous exposition begins with a detailed analysis of conventional and emerging piezoelectric materials, accompanied by a discussion on effectual and popular characterizations. The subsequent sections delve into the prevailing origin of the piezoelectric effect, prerequisites, improving strategies, and unresolved issues pertaining to the discernment of piezocatalytic mechanisms. Further, this review systematically explores the application of piezoelectric-coupled advanced oxidation processes and their intrinsic mechanisms in organic decontamination, H2O2 evolution, heavy metal reduction, bacterial disinfection, and CO2 reduction. In conclusion, the paper articulates the challenges inherent in piezocatalytic techniques and proposes directions for future development. The aim is to contribute to an enhanced foundational understanding of piezoelectric catalysis and piezoelectric-based Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) as potent tools for addressing contemporary environmental challenges.

To enhance the applicability of near-infrared (NIR)-driven photothermal Fenton-like systems in water remediation, a novel S-scheme hollow core-shell FeS2/Bi2MoO6 with oxygen vacancies (FS/BMO) heterojunction with NIR responsiveness and spatial confinement was designed to enhance peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation for antibiotic degradation and algal inactivation. The FeS2 core acted as a photothermal substrate to significantly elevate system temperature, and the oxygen-deficient Bi2MoO6 shell enhanced light harvesting, heat storage, and exposure of active sites, promoting PMS activation. Benefiting from its hierarchical structure and interfacial Sscheme charge transfer, the FS/BMO-20 catalyst achieved rapid and efficient degradation of tetracycline (98.2 % within 15 min) and effective inactivation of Microcystis aeruginosa (96.4 % with complete chlorophyll a removal within 30 min) under simulated solar irradiation. The algal inactivation mechanism was attributed to the synergistic effect of photothermal PMS activation and Fe (III) coagulation, which accelerated algal cell lysis and structural disruption. The system exhibited excellent environmental adaptability and catalytic stability across various antibiotics, dyes, anions, water matrices, and pH levels, with minimal metal ion leaching. Mechanistic investigations confirmed that the engineered S-scheme heterojunction facilitated directional charge separation and transfer, while oxygen vacancies and Fe(II)/Fe(III) redox cycling jointly facilitated PMS adsorption and ROS generation. This proposes an effective approach for developing photothermal-assisted PMS activation systems and expands the application potential of solar-driven water pollution control.

Asphaltene deposition is a significant issue in CO2-EOR, leading to reservoir damage and reduced efficiency. In this study, oil-soluble carbon quantum dots (CQDs) were synthesized to address asphaltene deposition issues, evaluating the inhibitory performance through laboratory experiments and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Experimental results demonstrated that CQDs effectively delayed the onset of asphaltene deposition from 45 vol% to 55 vol%, reduced the average particle size of asphaltene aggregates from 1200 nm to approximately 600 nm, and achieved an inhibition rate of 52.7 %. MD simulations revealed that CQDs reduced the mobility of asphaltene molecules and decreased the number of stacked asphaltene model molecules in aggregates from four to two, thereby lowering the risk of aggregation and subsequent deposition. Furthermore, the study showed that CQDs primarily inhibit asphaltene aggregation and deposition by weakening T-shaped or offset stacking interactions between asphaltene molecules. This effect was attributed to the strong interactions between CQDs and asphaltenes, with stabilization energies reaching up to -90 kcal/mol. Asphaltene molecules formed it-it interactions with CQDs through it-electron cloud overlap, dispersing the it-it interactions originally occurring between asphaltene molecules. This ultimately suppressed asphaltene aggregation. These characteristics suggested that CQDs offer a promising new approach to mitigate asphaltene deposition and have the potential to enhance oil recovery in low-permeability reservoirs.

The catalytic performances of conventional Ni(Co)Mo(W)/Al2O3 2 O 3 catalysts for hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of fuel are far from meeting the near zero emission standards. Therefore, the development of more efficient ultradeep HDS catalyst is highly desirable. Herein, a novel Pt-Ni2P/Al2O3 2 P/Al 2 O 3 catalyst with 0.5 wt% Pt loading was prepared, and its catalytic performance for HDS of 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene (4,6-DMDBT) was investigated. The introduction of Pt considerably promoted the reducibility and hydrogen atoms produced by the dissociated adsorbed hydrogen molecules on the Pt surface overflowing to the Ni2P 2 P because of the lower electronegativity of Pt than that of Ni, thereby increasing the number of stronger Lewis and Br & oslash;nsted acid sites, and thereafter greatly boosting the direct desulfurization and isomerization pathways. As a result, Pt-Ni2P/Al2O3 2 P/Al 2 O 3 catalyst achieved the ultradeep HDS of 4,6-DMDBT, with 100% conversion at 340 degrees C, remarkably higher than that of Ni2P/Al2O3 2 P/Al 2 O 3 (49.8%) and NiMo/Al2O3 2 O 3 (62.0%) counterparts.

Membrane fouling has been a major factor hindering the development of ultrafiltration membranes. Herein, a novel in situ oxidation system was constructed via introducing MnFe 2 O 4 /MWCNTs into polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes, utilizing sunlight to synergistically activate persulfate (PMS) to mitigate ultrafiltration membrane fouling. The mechanism of mitigating membrane fouling in MnFe 2 O 4 /MWCNTs-PVDF ultrafiltration membranes was systematically explored under four system (single filtration, single sunlight irradiation, single PMS oxidation and sunlight co -activated PMS). The MnFe 2 O 4 /MWCNTs-PVDF membranes exhibited different fouling characteristics under the four systems, with the sunlight and MnFe 2 O 4 /MWCNTs membrane co -activated PMS filtration system showing the highest humic acid (HA) removal efficiency of 90.2 %, as well as the lowest Rr (0.2108 x 10 12 m -1 ) and Rir (0.4525 x 10 12 m - 1 ). To further evaluate the practicality and effectiveness of the sunlight-MnFe 2 O 4 /MWCNTs-PMS system, the secondary effluent was selected to verify the treatment effect on natural organic matter (NOM) of actual water. By observing the microscopic morphology of the fouled membrane surface, it was evident that, compared with the other three filtration systems, the filter cake layer on the MnFe 2 O 4 /MWCNTs membrane surface of the sunlight co -activated PMS system was obviously reduced, and the structure of the cake layer was more loose. It can be concluded that the principle behind the synergistically activated system to alleviate the membrane fouling was to accelerate the mineralization rate of HA molecules, oxidize the HA into a smaller particle size that can pass through the membrane pores. The main reactive oxygen species and HA degradation mechanism in the synergistic activation system were further elucidated by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis and density functional theory calculations (DFT). The results indicated that the degradation of HA by the synergistically activated PMS system involved a combination of free radicals ( & sdot; O 2 - , SO 4 & sdot;- and & sdot; OH) and non -free radicals ( 1 O 2 ). Overall, the in -situ oxidation system provided an alternative way to alleviate ultrafiltration membrane fouling.

The design and development of hydrodesulfurization (HDS) catalysts with superior catalytic activity has been highly desirable. Herein, a series of platinum (Pt) -triggered Ni 2 P/Al 2 O 3 catalysts were fabricated and examined for 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene (4,6-DMDBT) HDS. The loading of Pt strengthened the interaction between the Pt and Ni 2 P and promoted the hydrogen atoms overflowing to the Ni 2 P surface, thereby enhancing the number of Lewis and Br & oslash;nsted acid sites and facilitating the prehydrogenation and isomerization pathways, thereafter boosting the HDS performances of Pt-Ni 2 P/Al 2 O 3 catalysts. Therein, 5%Pt-Ni 2 P/Al 2 O 3 exhibited the optimal HDS performance with 97.1% 4,6-DMDBT conversion, remarkably higher than that of Ni 2 P/Al 2 O 3 (25.6%) and the -state-of-the-art catalysts reported in literature due to its moderate acidity, temperate interaction between Pt and Ni 2 P, and excellent reducibility. Further increasing the Pt loading to 10% induced the serious aggregation of Pt particles, resulting in the sharp increase in particle size and subsequent reduction of Pt dispersion, thereby leading to the weakening of interaction between Pt and Ni 2 P and considerable decrease of the Br & oslash;nsted acid number, which in turn inhibited the HDS performance of 10%Pt-Ni 2 P/Al 2 O 3 catalyst. This work present a promising candidate for the ultradeep HDS of heavy oil and may contribute to the understanding of the hydrogen spillover effect in this reaction.

In this study, an atomically dispersed Pt-loaded Ce0.6Zr0.4O2/Cu-SSZ-13 (Pt-CZO/Cu-SSZ-13) coupling catalyst was fabricated by a facile grinding strategy, and its structure and catalytic performance for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx by NH3 were systematically investigated. The results reveal that the resulting Pt-CZO/Cu-SSZ-13 shows outstanding catalytic activity, achieving almost complete conversion of NOx at 145 degrees C, notably lower as compared with that of Cu-SSZ-13 with approximately 100% NOx conversion at 200 degrees C. The reason should be originated from the coexistence of Pt species in both single-atom and nanocluster forms, which not only significantly enhance the reactivity of lattice oxygen in CZO but also considerably increase the number of Br & oslash;nsted acid sites. Both of these factors coordinately aid the adsorption and thereafter the activation of NOx and NH3, and then promote the NH3-SCR activity of the Pt-CZO/Cu-SSZ-13 coupling sample noticeably at the low-temperature range. This study introduces a viable approach to address the pressing issue of NOx emissions during the idle and cold-start phases of diesel engines.

xW/MnCe nanorod catalysts with various tungsten contents were synthesised using the incipient wetness impregnation method for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of nitrogen oxides with NH3 (i.e. NH3-SCR reaction). Tungsten addition considerably widened the active temperature window and enhanced the SO2/H2O tolerance of the catalysts. The optimum catalytic performance was achieved when the tungsten content was 15 wt% with NOx conversion being >= 80% in the range of 175-450 degrees C. The MnCe nanorods approximately retained their morphology after tungsten loading. Microcrystalline WO3 formed when the W content was 15%, resulting in increments in the amount of Ce3+ and Mn4+, which is in favour of the NH3-SCR reaction on the catalyst surface. Moreover, the broad active temperature windows of the tungsten-modified MnCe nanorod catalysts were related to the balance between the redox and acidic properties. Tungsten addition enhanced the acidity of the MnCe catalyst while suppressing its reducibility. Both the Bronsted and Lewis acid sites are active, and the formation of reactive bridging nitrate species promote the performance of 15 W/MnCe catalyst. Overall, this study provided an easy method of adjusting the active temperature window of Mn-Ce nanorod catalysts through W modification.

This paper introduces a transformative hydrodeoxygenation process for the simultaneous recovery of oil and iron from hazardous rolling oil sludge (ROS). Leveraging the inherent catalytic capabilities of iron/iron oxide nanoparticles in the sludge, our process enables the conversion of fatty acids and esters into hydrocarbons under conditions of 4.5 MPa, 330 °C, and 500 rpm. This reaction triggers nanoparticle aggregation and subsequent separation from the oil phase, allowing for effective resource recovery. In contrast to conventional techniques, this method achieves a high recovery rate of 98.3% while dramatically reducing chemical reagent consumption. The reclaimed petroleum and iron—ready for high-value applications—are worth 3910 RMB/ton. Moreover, the process facilitates the retrieval of nanoscale magnetic Fe and Fe0 particles, and the oil, with an impressive hydrocarbon content of 87.8%, can be further refined. This energy-efficient approach offers a greener, more sustainable pathway for ROS valorization.

综述了微纳米气泡在强化污废水处理和地表水处理方面的研究进展,包括其对臭氧化技术,光催化技术,气浮技术的强化以及对微生物活性的增强和水体富营养化缓解.为目前微纳米气泡技术在水处理工程中的应用进行总结,并对未来微纳米气泡技术在水处理领域的研究前景进行展望,以期为微纳米气泡在水处理中的实际应用提供参考.

Magnetic iron oxides are usually employed as main components of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) reduction catalysts. Here, magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Rec-Fe3O4) recycled from rolling oil sludge (ROS) were directly applied in 4-NP reduction reaction. The Rec-Fe3O4 nanoparticles were high purity of Fe3O4 with 0.9 % C content, which were further probed as carboxylates and hydrocarbon alkyl species. Compared with commercial nano-Fe3O4 (Com-Fe3O4), the Rec-Fe3O4 exhibited excellent 4-NP reduction performance with easy magnetic separation showing complete 4-NP conversion to 4-AP within 270 s, and its activity remained stable even after 5 consecutive cycles. Its activation energy was also estimated to be far much less than that of Com-Fe3O4. Benefiting from its special spontaneous formed Fe3O4@C structure during ROS generation, more active low valence Fe species remained and C shell accelerated electronic transfer on the Rec-Fe3O4 surface, both of which led to superior activity during 4-NP reduction reaction. This finding opens up a new insight to both of utilizing ROS waste resource and green synthesis of highly efficient 4-NP reduction catalysts.