Background: Cervical cancer is one of the most common type of cancer which is found in women and it is the third most death-causing cancer in the world. It mostly occurs due to epigenetic changes. According to previous research, the DNMT1 acts as a factor for enhancing cervical cancer. This study aimed to inhibit the expression of the DNMT1 by secondary metabolites with the help of molecular docking for the treatment of cervical cancer. Methods: All studies were based on molecular docking. Docking was carried out between all the ligands and target protein DNMT1 (PDB ID: 4WXX) with the help of docking software. We selected some natural compounds as ligand like Harmine, Alpha spinasterol, Myrcene, Alloxan, and Vasicinone and DNMT1 (PDB ID: 4WXX) as a target protein. After the protein preparation by Biovia Discovery Studio Visualizer we imported all the ligand in PyRx software for virtual screening. According to the PyRx result and Lipinski’s Rule of Five, Harmine was the best compound against DNMT1 with its minimum binding energy. Results: The Biovia Discovery Studio Client 2020 and AutoDock Vina software were used for the molecular docking between Harmine and receptor protein DNMT1 (PDB ID: 4WXX). The result showed 9 poses with different binding affinity, Root means square deviation Lower Bound (RMSD LB) and Root mean square deviation Upper Bound (RMSD UB). The same molecules were further docked through Biovia Discovery Studio Client 2020 and the interaction was visualized under PyMol. Conclusion: According to the in silico study, Harmine was the only compound which can inhibit the activity of DNMT1 (PDB ID: 4WXX). So in the further studies, Harmine can be a promising drug for the treatment of cervical cancer after its in vitro and in vivo studies.

Moringa oleifera is a highly valued medicinal plant. The present research reports callus cultures of M. oleifera Lam., established from seeds and nodal segments on Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium using different concentrations and combinations of auxins and cytokinins. Best induction of callus was observed at BAP:IBA (3 mg l−1 each). Shooting and rooting from callus in terms of morphogenesis were observed in MS media supplemented with BAP:KN (2:0.2 mg l−1) and IBA:NAA (3:0.5 mg l−1), respectively. Multiple shooting was observed at treatment dose of BAP:NAA:IAA (1:1:0.2 mg l−1). Regenerated shoots were rooted and mature plants were established, acclimatized, and thrived in greenhouse conditions. Over 95 % of plantlets survived after transplanting plantlets into trays with a mixture of sand and perlite (2:1) for 20 days. The regeneration protocol developed in this study provides a basis for germplasm conservation and for further investigation of bioactive constituents of this medicinal plant. Further qualitative and quantitative production of steroidal sapogenins (diosgenin and tigogenin) from various morphogenetic stages was studied using TLC, PTLC, IR spectra, HPLC and GC–MS analysis. Steroidal sapogenins were maximum in the callus associated with rooting. Various stages were further analyzed for their antioxidant potential.

The antioxidant system of a plant comprises a group of chemicals that are highly diverse in their sources, effects and uses. These antioxidants are capable of contracting and damaging free radicals. This investigation deals with a screening and comparison of the antioxidant activities of 20 selected medicinal plants and their parts, individually and in combination with vitamins A, C or E, using the DPPH radical scavenging method. Phyllanthus emblica L., Santalum album L., Syzygium cumini L. and Trigonella foenum-graecum L. presented highly significant antiradical efficiency (AE) singly and in combination with either vitamin A, C or E. Further, Curcuma longa L., Momordica charantia L., S. cumini, T. foenum-graecum, Moringa oleifera Lam and S. album have also shown fairly significant AE in a vitamin combination dose of 0.001 mM concentration.

BACKGROUND:Moringa oleifera, a widely cultivated species in India, is an exceptionally nutritious vegetable with a variety of potential uses in treating rheumatism, venomous bites, and microbial infections. In the present study, we investigated the antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of methanol extracts of M. oleifera pods (MOMtE) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic albino rats. METHODS:Diabetic rats were treated with 150 or 300 mg/kg MOMtE for 21 days and the antidiabetic effects of the extract were evaluated by measuring changes in biochemical parameters in the serum and pancreatic tissue. Two phytoconstituents, namely quercetin and kaempferol, were isolated from the MOMtE extract and their structures were determined using nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopy. RESULTS:The progression of diabetes was significantly reduced after MOMtE treatment. In treated rats, both doses of MOMtE induced a significant reduction in serum glucose and nitric oxide, with concomitant increases in serum insulin and protein levels. Furthermore, MOMtE treatment increased antioxidant levels in pancreatic tissue, with concomitant decreases in levels of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances. Histologic examination of the pancreas from diabetic rats showed degenerative changes in β-cells; MOMtE treatment significantly reversed the histoarchitectural damage to the islets cells. CONCLUSION:In conclusion, M. oleifera exerts protective effects against STZ-induced diabetes. The MOMtE exhibited significant antidiabetic and antioxidant activity and active constituents may be isolated from the extract for evaluation in future clinical studies.

A B ST R A C T Biochemical studies of the individual plant parts is a necessary prerequisite in order to evaluate their importance in the over all metabolism of the plant. In the present study various plant parts of selected 15 medicinal plants were evaluated, separately for their metabolite content. Maximum amount of total soluble sugars and lipids were present in S.emarginatus , starch in D.indica , protein in P.niruri and phenols in A.squamosa. The seeds of all the experimental plants showed more content of metabolites as compared to the other plant parts.

SUMMARY The aim of the present study was to investigate the antidiabetic and renal protective effect of Momordica dioica extract (MDMtE) in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. MDMtE treatment markedly reduced serum glucose, increased serum insulin and urea levels. Study results indicated that the antioxidant enzyme activity of kidney was increased, while thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were reduced in MDMtE treated diabetic rats. Furthermore, histologic observation of kidney of diabetic rats showed degenerative changes in glomerulus and renal tubules and extract treatment rejuvenated kidney histoarchitecture. In conclusion, the present results suggest that MDMtE protects kidney in severe diabetes and thus may provide a promising antidiabetic drug for managing diabetic kidney disorders.