Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is one among the Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) which might occur due to genetic, environmental, physiological and behavioural factors. MetS is increasing alarmingly in the population. Addressing the modifiable factors to reduce the risk is of prime importance. The current study is intended to observe the prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome criteria with respect to its relation to lifestyle factors among subjects post pandemic situation and the MetS incidence to understand how the disease can be prevented and the means to improve the public health. Random sampling method was used to enrol 20–50 year old (male and female) urban adults of Bengaluru into the study. Type-I-diabetics, lactating and pregnant women, post-cardiac surgery/ pre-post-transplant/ covid-19 recovered patients were excluded. Height, weight, Waist-Circumference (WC) and hip-circumference were measured. BMI and Waist–Hip Ratio (WHR) were calculated. Fasting Blood Glucose (FBS), Triglycerides (TG), HDL, Blood Pressure (BP) values were analysed and recorded. Diet recall was captured and calories consumed per day was estimated. The habits of exercise routine, smoking, tobacco chewing and alcohol were observed. IDF (International Diabetes Federation, 2006) criteria was used to categorise MetS. The data was analysed using relevant statistical tools. A total of 1211 adults (females 486 and males 725) were assessed. High WC indicating central obesity was observed in 55%. High FBS was observed in 29%. Hyper-triglyceridemia was more in males (36%) than females (19%). Low HDL was observed in 65% females against 43% males. High BP was observed among 10% in males and 8% in females. Lack of exercise was observed among 81% of the adults. Due to pandemic situation 10.7% stopped doing exercise. Moderate activity in 5.6% and vigorous activity in 2.8% was recorded; 68% of the subjects were consuming >2000 calories/day on an average; 18.6% were alcoholic. MetS was observed in 10.6% and MetS-2 criteria in 33.4% and MetS-1criteria in 24.5% before pandemic situation and post pandemic there was an increase. MetS was observed in 12.2% and MetS-2criteria in 49.7% and MetS-1criteria in 27.9% post pandemic. The lack of exercise and high-calorie consumption had a significant correlation with altered lipid values and central obesity. High WC had significant relation to High BMI. WHR had very significant correlation with high FBS and TG. Women had significantly high WC compared to men. The alcohol habit had a significant correlation with hypertriglyceridemia in males. Increased calorie consumption had a moderate correlation with raised FBS and WHR. MetS was significantly observed in those who had lack of exercise, high calorie consumption and alcohol habit. Findings suggest that MetS is in rise in 31-50 year age group. Central obesity, dyslipidemia and high FBS were predominant in 31-40 year group. High BP was observed in 45-50 years age group. Identifying and educating the young adults to correct their life style is the need of the hour to reduce increase of MetS in community.

Overnutrition is emerging as a major problem in all segments of the population due to the steep reduction in physical activity and is associated with thyroid dysfunction. One hundred overnourished women were enrolled in the intervention study aimed at assessing the impact of improving physical activity in women on body weight, BMI and thyroid function. On the basis of the BMI during the initial screening, these women were divided into four groups (OWIG1, OWIG2, OBIG3 and OBIG4). The groups were randomly assigned exercise routines of 30 minutes and 45 minutes to be done at home for five days a week for 26 weeks. In all these women the serum TSH, T3 and T4 levels were estimated at zero, thirteen and twenty-six weeks of intervention. A significant reduction in pre- and post-weight and BMI levels was observed. A uniform negative association (p=<0.005) indicated the significance of the exercise intervention with anthropometric parameters. Positively uniform correlations between the exercise intervention and the thyroid function tests during the entire study period were found at p=<0.05 (sig. <0.001) level of significance. Exercise significantly explained weight to 43% and BMI to 64%; while it did not show significance for serum thyroid levels. Tackling overnutrition and associated health hazards requires a combination of interventions such as increase in physical activity and approaches to bring about behaviour change for addressing modifiable risk factors.

Cirrhosis and fibrosis are mainly characterized by the frequent and repeated inflammation of the renal cells. These renal disorders may also lead to hepatocarcinoma and even death, so we are in need of complementary and alternative medicine to treat renal diseases. The Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) seed is reported to have medicinal properties and pharmacological activities like anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant. Here, we have evaluated various extracts (Water, Ethanol, Methanol, Hexane and Benzene) of Glycine max (L.) to predict their phytoconstituents and found that methanolic extract has more phytoconstituents. The finest chemicals in the methanolic extract, such as 3-Methoxy-hexane-1,6- diol, Choline, 9,12,15-Octadecatrien-1-ol, and tetradecane, were docked against Transforming Growth Factor-(TGF-β) a cytokine, transcription factors such as Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor (PPAR) and Pregnene X Receptor (PXR), and Nuclear Factor kappa-b (NF-KB) a protein complex. Comparatively, Choline shows higher negative binding energies against all the receptors and possesses hepato-protective activity.

In celebration of the centenary of the National Institute of Nutrition (NIN), Hyderabad, India (1918-2018), a symposium highlighted the progress in nutrition knowledge made over the century, as well as major gaps in implementation of that knowledge. Brain famine caused by a shortage of nutrients required for perinatal brain development has unfortunately become a global reality, even as protein-calorie famine was largely averted by the development of high yield crops. While malnutrition remains widespread, the neglect of global food policies that support brain development and maintenance are most alarming. Brain disorders now top the list of the global burden of disease, even with obesity rising throughout the world. Neurocognitive health, remarkably, is seldom listed among the non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and is therefore seldom considered as a component of food policy. Most notably, the health of mothers before conception and through pregnancy as mediated by proper nutrition has been neglected by the current focus on early death in non-neurocognitive NCDs, thereby compromising intellectual development of the ensuing generations. Foods with balanced essential fatty acids and ample absorbable micronutrients are plentiful for populations with access to shore-based foods, but deficient only a few kilometres away from the sea. Sustained access to brain supportive foods is a priority for India and throughout the world to enable each child to develop to their intellectual potential, and support a prosperous, just, and peaceful world. Nutrition education and food policy should place the nutritional requirements for the brain on top of the list of priorities.

Edible seaweeds are marine algae and are an active part of various cuisines all over the world. These under-exploited food sources are known as a reserve of micronutrients and bioactive compounds of biological importance. Regarding food production, there is an increasing interest in developing novel functional foods which cater to multi-faceted health benefits and are easily accessible to people. The aim of this study was to formulate and standardise the probiotic beverages with Ulva lactuca and assess the nutritional and bioactive compounds present in the probiotic beverage containing seaweed Ulva lactuca. Whey extracted from cow’s milk was the natural source of lactic acid bacteria. Nutritional composition, mineral content, total phenolics, flavonoids and DPPH inhibition activity were estimated, along with sensory evaluation using 9-point hedonic scale rating. The novel probiotic beverage exhibited significant iron content (12.8±0.07 mg/100 ml), which is approximately one-third of RDA suggested by ICMR (2020). Hence, it is considered as a potential supplement for mild to moderate Iron Deficiency Anaemia (IDA) for women of reproductive age (18-27 years). Substantial amount of phytocehmicals like phenols, flavonoids and antioxidants were reported per 10 ml of beverage, affirming it to be a good source of nutritional components.

Several factors contribute to success in sport, and diet is a key component. An athlete’s dietary requirements depend on several aspects, including the sport, the athlete’s goals, the environment and practical issues. The importance of individualized dietary advice has been increasingly recognized, including day-to-day dietary advice and specific advice before, during and after training and/or competition. Athletes use a range of dietary strategies to improve performance, by maximizing glycogen stores. Carbohydrate intake during exercise maintains high levels of carbohydrate oxidation, prevents hypoglycemia, and has a positive effect on the central nervous system which is facilitated for physical performances of sprinters. Dietary supplements including Nutribars enhance exercise and athletic performance in a variety of forms, including tablets, capsules, drinks, health mixes and bars. The present study aimed to assess the effect of the supplementation of developed Nutribar on the physical performance and biochemical profile of district-level women sprinters under the age group of 17-20 years. In the study, 59 sprinters (30 control group and 29 experimental groups) were identified and executed for further supplemention study, out of 140 sprinters in the age group of 17-20 y. Results revealed that the sprinters in the experimental group showed significant changes in their biochemical profile and physical performance after the supplementation of Nutribar. Hence Nutribar could be a better choice for supplementing energy for sprinters to enhance their physical performance and biochemical profile for the period of three months.

In Urban India especially among the young and middle aged adults the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is increasing day by day. Lifestyle influences the individual parameters of MetS. The MetS criteria are adversely affecting the health and performance of an individual. During this Covid-19 pandemic situation, the lifestyle of individuals altered to a great extent and equally influenced MetS. To study the influence of lifestyle factors on MetS criteria, a prospective observational study was performed in the Clinical Nutrition department. A total of 465 subjects were screened initially. Both males and females with age 25-54 years were included in the study. Subjects who recovered from Covid-19, pregnant and lactating women were excluded. Using a questionnaire the subjects' previous and current data of anthropometric measures of Waist Circumference (WC), weight and height were noted. The Body Mass Index (BMI) was computed. Serum values of Triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS), Glycosylated Haemoglobin were noted along with the Blood Pressure (BP) measurement. Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and three days diet recall was written down. The daily calorie uptake was calculated. Their habits pertaining to smoke, alcohol and Physical Activity (PA) patterns were gathered. The NCEP-ATP-III criteria were used to categorize under MetS. The obtained data in the study was analysed by SPSS 20. Females-100 and Males-182 were included in the study and assessed further. The percentage of overweight individuals did not increase significantly. But there was a significant increase by about 10% in obesity. 3% of non-diabetics became diabetic. The FBS were higher at 75% subjects compared to 62% earlier. High-Triglycerides (TG) was observed in 75% individuals compared to 66% subjects earlier. There was no significant increase in individuals with low HDL and high BP. Lack of PA was seen in 63% subjects compared to 42% earlier. Also it is observed that the intensity and consistency of PA activity dropped. Calories consumption per day >2000 kcal was observed in 68% subjects compared to 47% earlier. Alcohol habit was observed in 52%. Smoking habit was observed in 43% individuals. Though there was no significant increase in smoking or alcohol consuming individuals, the frequency and quantity of consumption of smoke and alcohol increased significantly. Three criteria of MetS were observed in 46% subjects when compared to 33% previously. The altered lipid values and high BMI had a significant correlation with lack of PA and high calorie diet consumed. High WC and high BMI had a significant correlation. Elevated TG had significant correlation with alcohol consumption. Moderate correlation was observed between the factors of increased calorie consumption and raised blood sugars/ high WC. The people who had lack of PA, high intake of calories on a day to day basis and alcohol consumption had MetS significantly. From the present study it was found that MetS is at the raise in the current pandemic situation. Identifying lifestyle and interventions necessary in means of education to correct lifestyle of the young adults emphasizing to choose healthy food ingredients, cooking methods and alternative PA is very important to raise MetS in the community.

Introduction :Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is defined as a complex endocrine disorderaffecting reproductive aged women. It is associated with anovulation, menstrual irregularities, infertilityand insulin resistance as the condition progresses. Methodology: The study was conducted among 1438women and all were screened with questionnaires on demographic profile, anthropometricmeasurements and clinical examination as well as diagnosed for PCOS with Rotterdam Criteria. A totalof 269 women were confirmed with PCOS. The purposive sampling technique was used and 113samples were enrolled for interventional strategies. 44 subjects received allopathic treatment for PCOSin a private hospital, Coimbatore. In Ayurveda hospital, ayurvedic treatment provided for 32 womenand 37 were managed with Life style medications of Diet and exercises.Data Analysis: Descriptive statistics, Paired T' test, ANOVA, Bonferroni and Chi square testwere used for objective analysisResults: Among 1438 women, 269 diagnosed to have PCOS as per Rotterdam Criteria.It showsthe prevalence rate of PCOS is 18.7%.Menstrual duration got normalized with 95.45 and 94.75 % byfollowing Allopathic medicine and lifestyle modification respectively.By Following allopathicmedicine, BMI got reduced with 0.99%,but 10.7% reduction in LSM group. With Ayurvedic Medicine,Alopecia reduced with 3.13 % over 6 months. By following lifestyle modification for 6 months, Acnereduced with 51.35%.Hyperandrogenism got reduced with 27.03% with lifestyle modification whereasgot reduced with 3.125% in Ayurvedic medicine.Conclusion : It shows the prevalence rate of PCOS is 18.7%.In allopathic group, BMI slightlyincreased and not significant. But, Menstrual regulation has been achieved with all three modalities oftreatments. BMI, WHR, Hyperandrogenic symptoms such as Alopecia, Acne and Hirsutism significantlyreduced in life style modification group as compared to other two groups. Overall, LSM group proved tosignificantly reduce the PCOS signs and symptoms

Background: This pilot study was conducted to assess the knowledge about phytochemicalsamong young adults to understand the need for upholding the existing dietary guidelines for Indianswhich encouraged consumption of vegetable foods as one of the measures to control lifestyle obesity.Materials & Methods: A cross-sectional study design with snowball sampling of 90 subjects aged 18 to35 years was implemented. This study includes data from Southern and Western Indian States. Data hadto be collected using Google Forms due to the restrictions of Covid-19 on human interaction as perspecified safety guidelines. Results: Although 63.33 percent knew about phytochemicals, only 41.11percent were aware of dietary phytochemicals with 38.88 percent accepting that it may be beneficial tothem. 64.44 percent did not know about the different foods that included dietary phytochemicals with 10percent only acknowledging phytochemicals for their anti-cancer properties. 71.11 percent failed toidentify the different types of dietary phytochemicals and 97.77 percent admitted that they wanted tolearn more about the role that phytochemicals played in their health. Conclusion: Although obesity canresult from many genetic and environmental factors, understanding the role of diet-related factors for itsregulation will go a long way in diminishing chances of future generations becoming obese, therebyleading to a healthier population.

Cereals/millets and pulses are an important parts of healthy and balanced diet and hence helps in bridging the gap of protein hunger malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies. To increase the shelf life of perishable and non-perishable food items, drying is one of the primary and oldest processing techniques that the food grains are subjected to. The convection oven drying method is one of the commonly used methods for the estimation of moisture in marketing enterprises and industries but as the time consumption is quite higher in this process a replacement but quick and dependable technique is essential. One variety rice (Luit variety), one variety of millets and one variety of pulses (samples) were used for the study. Experiments with temperature varying from 30-60 °C and varied time intervals (15 minutes) were conducted in a microwave oven and convection oven using the samples. The main parameters used for the study were temperature and time which was recorded after a time interval of 15 minutes1. The results stated that the process of drying takes place at a falling rate period i.e. with the rise in temperature the moisture content decreases. At a very long process the drying rate, the curve slop becomes less sharp and slowly tends to be horizontal at longer period of time. The values are calculated when the moisture content of the samples becomes constant. Drying food grains for a longer time period have adverse effect in the nature of the samples along with it can result in income loss of marketing industries.Salient findings from the study can be that the alternative means for the convection oven drying can be microwave oven drying as it can be a favorable method for the estimation of moisture content in food grains.

Athletics is a collection of sporting events that involve competitive running, jumping, throwing, and walking. The most common types of athletic competitions are track and field, road running, cross country running, and race walking. A variety of running events are held on the track which falls into three broad distance categories: sprints, middle-distance, and long-distance track events. Sprinting is running over a short distance in a limited period. It is used in many sports that incorporate running, typically as a way of quickly reaching a target or goal, or avoiding or catching an opponent. The nutrient rich bar is a nutritional enhancement frequently used by athletes to preserve their energy requirements in daily life. Nutri Bars supply an adequate quantum of nutrients for strength, vitality for sustained physical and mental activity. It is an ideal supplement for athletes, which is energy-dense, nutraceutical rich ready to eat, and easy to carry as a pregame and postgame snack. In the present study, Nutri Bar was developed using nutraceutical energy-rich food ingredients. A ready-to-eat Nutri Bar was prepared with locally available energy-rich nutraceutical food products. The developed bar was evaluated for sensory attributes by 9-point Hedonic scale. The highly accepted variation was chosen for the nutrient analysis. Nutrient analysis and nutraceutical potentials per 100g of bar revealed that the developed bar was rich in nutrients and anti-oxidants.

Right from its inception, ICDS programme envisaged monthly weighing and monitoring of growth in under-three children for early detection of under-nutrition. Currently accurate portable digital balances are available in anganwadi and Mother Child Production Card (MCPC) with child growth charts has been provided to children. A community based mixed longitudinal study was taken up in under-three children from urban low middle income families to assess feasibility and impact of growth monitoring and appropriate nutrition education using MCPC. Monthly weighing of children and plotting the weight-for-age in the MCPC was carried out by the research staff. A total of 5708 children were enrolled and followed up over 32879 visits between 2015 and 2019. Plotting the weight-for-age of the child in growth chart enabled identification of underweight children at the time of the visit so that appropriate nutrition and health education and care can be provided. Monthly weighing and plotting weight-for-age in growth chart enabled identification of small children growing along their own trajectory and prevented them from being mislabelled as under-nourished. Children showing deterioration in Weight for age Z score (WAZ) as compared to earlier visit(s) were readily identified and given needed advice. Personalised nutrition and health education provided at each visit taking into account current nutritional status, morbidity and Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices (IYCF) helped in preventing rise in underweight rates in the first 18 months and brought about some improvement in nutritional status of moderate and severely underweight children. It is feasible to operationalize growth monitoring as envisaged in Poshan Abhiyaan and accelerate the pace of reduction in under-nutrition in under three children.

This study was carried out to evaluate the nutrient values of black rice and white rice in raw and cooked forms. Macro and micro nutrients were analysed for the six rice samples. The total carbohydrate content of all samples were higher than 75 %, protein and fat contents in black rice and white rice samples ranged from 9.56 g to 7.43 g and 2.65 g to 1.89 g respectively. The high amount of fibre content was recorded in the pressure cooked sample of black rice (6.49 g). Vitamins like thiamine, riboflavin and niacin were found to be higher in black rice raw samples. In general, it was observed that the maximum loss of vitamins was seen in conventionally cooked samples of black and white rice followed by pressure cooked samples. Statistical interpretations revealed that there was a significant difference between the groups and within the groups in the values of macronutrients and micronutrients in black rice and white rice both in raw and cooked forms.

For the last four decades India had invested in interventions for improving household food security, supplementary feeding programmes and health care to pre-school children. However under-nutrition rates in under-five children continue to be high. Poor infant and young child feeding and caring practices had been identified as the major modifiable factors associated with under-nutrition especially in the critical first two years. Mother Child Protection Card (MCPC) was introduced as the critical intervention tool for combating these two factors and improving nutritional status of the children. A community based mixed longitudinal study was taken up in urban low middle income group mothers with under-three children to assess feasibility and impact of using MCPC as a supportive tool for nutrition and health education regarding infant and young child feeding and care during illness. Mothers readily accepted MCPC, kept it safely and produced it when requested. MCPC with authentic pictorial messages was used by all health and nutrition front line workers and research team; this practice ensured uniformity in nutrition and health education messages. Over 90% of infants at 2 months and over 2/3rd at 5 months were solely breast-fed. By 8th month almost all infants received semi-solid food. Almost all families accessed health care during illness and followed the advice regarding feeding during illness and convalescence. As a result the mean z scores for weight-for-age did not show any deterioration in the first year. MCPC is a useful tool in providing nutrition and health education and improving infant feeding practices.

Natural and Organic Food segment is the most trending food segments in the country. In recent times, with the change in lifestyle and food habits in the urban population of the country, this segment is set to move as major segment in the economy. The Indian domestic Organic food market alone is growing at rate of 30 percent and is presently estimated to be at INR 1000 Crore. With the growing awareness of natural and organic farming practices and the various health benefits availing from them, the buying patterns of consumers are moving towards natural and organic foods. This study entitles, “A study on marketing Plan of Action and Cognizance about Organic food products with special reference to Coimbatore city”is aimed at investigating the factors affecting the Natural and Organic food market in Coimbatore city. The study has been carried out to find the objectives like awareness level of Organic food products, factors affecting the purchase decision of consumers for Organic food products, consumer perception about organic foods, the number of distribution channels for sales of Organic foods and the factors affecting retailers for sales of Organic food products are studied.

The roundabouts are a kind of intersection that is characterized by an especial geometry derived on the way their branches are communicated by a ring-shaped road where circulation is established in one-way, rounding a central obstacle. Traffic conflicts at sitra junction increases due to rapid growth of city and due to development of colleges, hospitals, international airport, etc. So to overcome the problems in signalized intersections an roundabout is designed according to IRC standards. By providing roundabouts the travelling comfort is made better and more consistent as there is no need to stop for crossing traffic at intersection. Pedestrian bridge is provided to separate the road users and pedestrians using the intersection. Since the speed is slow at roundabouts the accidents rate reduces and there is no need of implementing traffic signals to control the vehicle movements. The roundabouts are economical in aspects of design and construction and they reducing pollution from stopping vehicles. Keywords—Roundabouts, Pedestrian bridge, accident, intersection, Traffic

Anaemia is the most common micro-nutrient deficiency disorder in the world. The prevalence of anaemia is higher in developing countries than in developed countries. Anaemia affects half a billion women of reproductive age worldwide. India had always been the country with the highest prevalence of anaemia and the home of the largest number of anaemic individuals in the world. A cross sectional community based study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of anaemia among 700 young women in the age group of 19-35 years hailing from different rural areas of Karamadai from Coimbatore district and to assess their iron nutriture. Data on anthropometric measurements, biochemical investigations and dietary details were recorded using a pre-designed, pre-tested proforma. Data were analyzed statistically using mean, standard deviation and ANOVA. Hemoglobin estimation (Cyanmet haemoglobin method) revealed that the prevalence of anaemia among rural women (N = 580) and it was reported that 84.83% of the rural young women were moderately anaemic and 14.83% were mild anaemic. A subsample of 85 moderate anaemic subjects were divided into Group 1 (Nutrition Education + Food supplement intervention), Group 2 (Nutrition Education+Kitchen garden intervention) and Group 3 (Nutrition Education intervention) and subjected to respective intervention for four months. Biochemical analysis revealed significant increase (p≤0.01) in haemoglobin level among the subjects in Group 1, Group 2 and Group 3 after intervention further showing that the majority of rural women improved from moderate to mild level of anaemia and from mild level to normal level of hemoglobin after intervention. Therefore the intervention measures are more effective when they are integrated with other approaches namely better nutritional practices, fortification, dietary modification, infection control, public health measures and income generation programmes. Nutrition education must be made an integral part to all the strategies.

One of the foremost earlier sign of breast cancer is architectural distortion. This research work proposes the fish swam optimization based detection of architectural distortion in mammograms acquired prior to the diagnosis of breast cancer in the interval between scheduled screening sessions. The potential sites are obtained using node maps through the implementation of Gabor filter and portrait modeling namely linear phase for detecting its presence. The ROI is extracted after pre-processing and is characterized with entropy measures such as angle, coherence and orientation strength. The ROI is also represented using Fourier spectrum that includes Shannon’s entropy and Renyi entropy. The outcome of the experiment reveals that, using the entropy measures with fish swarm optimization for feature selection performs better than the particle swarm optimization and ant colony optimization. The experimental results are proved by performing classification using Artificial Neural Network.

The proposed contribution uses median fuzzy c-means approach for detection of masses and macrocalcificaiton in mammogram images. Median clustering is a powerful methodology for prototype based clustering of similarity/dissimilarity data. In the MFCM instead of calculating the mean for each cluster to determine its centroid, it calculates the median. This has the consequence of reducing error on the whole clusters with respect to the 1-norm distance metric, as divergent to the square of the 2-norm distance metric. The dataset was collected from Mammographic Image Analysis Society. The result shows the efficient detection of masses and macro calcification better than k-means and Fuzzy C-means.

ABSTRACT Selected seaweeds (Acanthophora spicifera, Gracilaria edulis, Padina gymnospora, Ulva fasciata, and Enteromorpha flexuosa) from the Gulf of Mannar coast, India, were analyzed for their antioxidant properties. Derived phenols in the methanolic extracts of these seaweeds were quantified and their scavenging activity against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and nitric oxide were examined. Total phenol content was the highest in U. fasciata (23 mg TAE.g–1) and the lowest in A. spicifera (8.8 mg TAE.g–1). Caffeic acid ranged from 0.02 to 1.30 mg.100 g–1 and gallic acid ranged from 0.02 to 1.2 mg.100 g–1. Other derived phenols, coumeric acid, apigenin, chlorogenic acid, 3,4-dihydroxy benzoic acid, and qucercetin, were found in all species. U. fasciata showed the highest efficiency (11 µg.mL–1) against DPPH activity, while E. flexuosa (42 µg.mL–1) had the lowest low activity. G. edulis (36.3%) proved more potent in nitric oxide scavenging activity than any other species, and the lowest activity was noted in E. flexuosa (12.2%). There was a positive correlation between chlorogenic and gallic acids and radical scavenging activity.