Genes TCF7L2 and SLC30A8 , encoding transcription factor-4 and transmembrane zinc transporter-8, respectively, play an important role in the regulation of development, proliferation, and pancreatic β cell function. In the present study we examined polymorphic markers of genes rs12255372 [ NT_03359.12:g33557428G->T ] of TCF7L2 gene and rs13266634 [ NP_776250.2:p.R325W ] of SLC30A8 in groups of Russians with type 2 diabetes (T2D) ( n = 588) and healthy normoglycemic controles ( n = 597). Significant association of allele T ( rs12255372 ) and allele R ( rs13266634 ) with a higher risk of T2D development has been found ( OR = 1.37 and 1.22, respectively). Adjustment for the effect of potential nongenetic risk factors resulted in a further increase in the OR values, from 1.54 ( P = 0.24) to 1.89 ( P = 0.046) for homozygous carriers of the T allele and from 1.29 ( P = 0.035) to 1.35 ( P = 0.019) in the individuals homozygous for the R allele. The patients homozygous for predisposing allele T ( rs12255372 ) or R ( rs13266634 ) had significantly lower insulin concentrations in the blood 2 h after glucose tolerance test (GTT) as well as lower values of HOMA-β, β cell homeostasis indicator compared to the carriers of other genotypes. Thus, we have shown that the rs12255372 and rs13266634 markers are independent genetic T2D risk factors in a Russian population.

Genes 7CF7L2 and SLC30A8, encoding transcription factor-4 and transmembrane zinc transporter-8, respectively, play an important role in the regulation of development, proliferation, and pancreatic beta cell function. In the present study we examined polymorphic markers of genes rs12255372 [NT_03359.12:g33557428G --> T] of 7CF7L2 gene and rs13266634 [NP_776250.2:p.R325W] of SLC30A8 in groups of Russians with type 2 diabetes (T2D) (n = 588) and healthy normoglycemic controles (n = 597). Significant association of allele T(rs12255372) and allele R (rs13266634) with a higher risk of T2D development has been found (OR = 1.37 and 1.22, respectively). Adjustment for the effect of potential nongenetic risk factors resulted in a further increase in the OR values, from 1.54 (P = 0.24) to 1.89 (P = 0.046) for homozygous carriers of the T allele and from 1.29 (P = 0.035) to 1.35 (P = 0.019) in the individuals homozygous for the R allele. The patients homozygous for predisposing allele T (rs12255372) or R (rs13266634) had significantly lower insulin concentrations in the blood 2 h after glucose tolerance test (GTT) as well as lower values of HOMA-beta, beta cell homeostasis indicator compared to the carriers of other genotypes. Thus, we have shown that the rs12255372 and rs13266634 markers are independent genetic T2D risk factors in a Russian population.

AIM To characterize action of thyroid hormones overproduction on bone mineral density. MATERIAL AND METHODS Pain intensity was graded according to 4-score scale, atraumatic fractures in the past were recorded, mineral bone density (MBD) was studied, TTH and T4 levels and biochemical indices of calcium-phosphorus and bone metabolism were studied, thyroid volume was calculated by J. Brunn (1981) and USI data in 116 patients with diffuse toxic goiter aged 20-65 years compared to 200 healthy controls matched by gender and age. RESULTS Pain in bones was registered in 79% examinees (1.8 +/- 0.2 scores, on the average). Atraumatic bone fractures were in 9.5% (8% in the controls). MBD reduction was revealed at densitometry in 71% patients with thyrotoxicosis. It was most frequent and severe (in UD--1.78 +/- 0.1 SD, in MD--2.1 +/- 0.1 SD) in patients with severe disease associated with intensive bone remodeling. Loss of MBD does not depend on DTG duration. Mild thyrotoxicosis had no negative effect on bone tissue. Significant differences between patients with thyrotoxicosis and drug euthyrosis by rate and severity of osteopenia were not observed. CONCLUSION Patients with DTG, especially in severe DTG, demand prophylactic measures concerning osteopenia immediately after diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis.

Aim. To assess efficacy of different methods of iodine prophylaxis in pregnant women living in conditions of goiter endemia. Material and methods. Standard clinical, laboratory and device tests for iodine deficiency according to WHO criteria were made in 156 pregnant women living in the territory affected by goiter endemia. Of them, 121 examinees had no thyroid pathology, 35 ones had diffuse euthyroid goiter. All of them received different kinds of iodine prophylaxis. Results. The occurrence of neonatal TTH values over 5 iU/l in neonates born by mothers free of thyroid pathology on potassium iodide prophylaxis when pregnant was 9.1%. This is much lower than in conventional iodine prophylaxis - 17.24% (p < 0.01). A comparative analysis of the efficacy of potassium iodide-200 in pregnant women with diffuse euthyroid goiter and its combination with L-thy roxin has shown that by the effect on lessening frequency of neonatal ТТЯ over 5 Ш/l the above schemes do not differ significantly, thyroid reduction is more prominent in pregnant women on thyroxine with potassium iodide. Conclusion. The index of neonatal TTH is an objective criterium to control efficacy of different methods of iodine prophylaxis in pregnancy.