By applying six aggregation indices,C,K,Ca,m,m/m and Iδ,the changes of distribution pattern of natural Pinus taiwanensis population in Shouning County with the different sampling scales and different development stages were examined according to the map of individual location.The results indicated that quadrat size had a notable effect on measurement result of spatial distribution pattern of Pinus taiwanensis population.The study showed that the quadrat size should not be less than 16 m2 in measurement of distribution pattern of Pinus taiwanensis population.Pinus taiwanensis population took on clumped distribution with no less than 16 m2 sampling scale.Values of dispersion index I of the population decreased with increment of sampling scale as reflected the measured degree of aggregation of the population varied with sampling scale.Clumped distribution appeared at all the development stages of the population.And degree of aggregation of the population at the large tree stage was maximum,second place at the sapling stage,and minimum at the middle tree stage.

Applied the traditional seasonal time sequence models,Box-Jenkin random models and ARIMA models to form dynamic prediction mode for Xiamen gross industrial output value based on the data of Xiamen gross industrial output value from January 1999 to August 2005 in search for appropriate prediction models for short-term prediction in this field.

对武夷山国家级自然保护区与建瓯毛竹丰产林毛竹种群结构特征比较研究结果表明,毛竹天然林中老龄及枯死竹占比例较大,年龄结构呈"J"型分布,而毛竹人工林年龄结构由于成熟竹材的人为砍伐则近似正态分布;毛竹天然林胸径和树高分布相关性较人工林显著,但人工林林分结构比天然林理想,其均匀度、整齐度均大于天然林.

The fractal characteristics of pattern of natural Pinus taiwanensis populations in different communities in Pingnan and Shouning were analyzed and compared by applying correlation dimension. The results indicated that the value of correlation dimension of pattern of natural P. taiwanensis populations ranged from 1.077 to 1.563 and the order was Q2Q8Q5Q3Q1Q7Q6Q4. On the whole, degree of individual spatial correlation of natural P. taiwanensis population in almost pure forest in Pingnan and in mixed forest in Shouning had no significant disparity. As the altitude rose, correlation dimension of pattern of natural P. taiwanensis population took on up-down-up fluctuation and 1300～1310 m and 1400 m were the altitude scope where individual spatial correlation of natural P. taiwanensis population was stronger, individual competition more severe and degree of spatial occupation higher. In addition, Discussion was made on how to integrate the 3 fractal dimension methods in on study to describe the scale variation properties of pattern of natural P. taiwanensis population more clearly and plotted the spectrum of fractal dimension.

The population structures of Phyllostachys heterocycla cv.pubescens (P.pubescens) obtained from Wuyi Mountain Nature Reserve Zone in Wiyi City and the high?yield forests in Jian'ou City were comparably analyzed.The results show that the percentages of the old age and dead bamboo are fairly high in the natural P.pubescens forest and its age structure approaches the “J” distribution while the structure of age approximates the normal distribution in high?yield forest because of the interference of farmers.The relationship between the diameter and tree height is positive in natural forest while that is not obvious in high?yield forest.The stand structure of high?yield P.pubescens forest is better than that of natural forest,and the even degree and uniform degree of high?yield P.pubescens forest are both larger than those of natural P.pubescens forest.

The fractal characteristics of pattern of Pinus taiwanensis population in different natural community types in Pingnan and Shouning county was analyzed by applying box-counting dimension and information dimension.The results indicated that P.taiwanensis population in natural community had fractal characteristics;The box-counting dimension ranged from 1.2998 to 1.8626 and the order in different communities was Q3Q1Q2Q4Q7Q8Q5Q6;The information dimension ranged from 1.2057 to 1.8637 and the order in different communities was Q3Q1Q2Q4Q8Q7Q5Q6.The box-counting dimension values of P.taiwanensis population in natural and almost pure P.taiwanensis forest in Pingnan showed higher than the mixed forest in Shouning;Box-counting dimension quantified the spatial occupation capability and degree of the population,while information dimension reflected the scale variation degree of pattern intensity and disclosed the unevenness of individual distribution.The fractal dimension was related to community environment,the density of the population,dominant status of the population in community,the aggregated intensity of all individuals and the number of sapling individuals.The fractal dimension of natural P.taiwanensis took on fluctuation up and down as the altitude rose and 1250-1270 m were more befitting altitude to survival.In addition,the fractal characteristics of pattern of P.taiwanensis population possessed a certain scale and the scale of inflexion of point was the infimum.

以武夷山国家自然保护区核心区天然毛竹林为研究对象,应用生物量优化模型对天然毛竹林生物量、能量的分配规律进行研究,结果表明:①毛竹天然林生物量按组分秆、枝、叶、竹蔸、鞭根的分配规律为5 585.956、1 120.456、387.453、1148.785、2827.099 g*m-2,所占比例依次为50.46%、10.12%、3.50%、10.38%、25.54%,能量现存量按组分分别为112 171.60、21 694.0、7 532.8、21 796.8、52 089.3 kJ*m-2,所占比例依次为51.70%、10.00%、3.47%、10.05%、24.78%;②毛竹天然林生物量按龄级Ⅰ度、Ⅱ度、Ⅲ度、Ⅳ度、Ⅴ度及以上竹的分配规律为2 151.845、1 799.441、1 184.757、1 010.021、4 923.684 g*m-2,所占比例依次为19.44%、16.26%、10.70%、9.12%、44.48%.能量现存量按龄级分别为47 465.97、40 232.99、26 502.84、17 737.74、102 488.8 kJ*m-2,所占比例依次为20.25%、17.16%、11.30%、7.57%、43.72%.在此基础上,将毛竹天然林与人工林进行了比较分析.且为毛竹林的丰产培育提出了科学依据.

X2-test and interspecific association coefficients formulate are used to determine the interspecific association and correlation among 19 dominant species of Castanopsis carlessii community in Wuyi mountains. The results indicate that the overall association among 19 dominant species in Castanopsis carlessii community are irrelevant, the positive quality of each species-pair is not significant, but the negative qualities of some species-pair are significant. These indicate that the community is not mature, and is in the phase of succession.

植物种群之间的生态位相似性比例和生态位重叠指数指标值反映了亚热带常绿阔叶林的生态特征.采用定量分析方法,对武夷山米储林群落12个主要种群生态位(包括生态位宽度、生态位相似性比例、生态位重叠)进行了测定.结果表明:组成米槠林群落的优势种群绝大多数为广生态位,种群之间关系复杂,对资源具有一定的共享性.

应用6种典型聚集度指标和2种频次分析法(Poisson分布和负二项分布)的X2拟合检验等方法测定了武夷山米槠林群落优势种群的空间分布格局并分析格局形成原因.结果表明,武夷山米槠林群落10个优势种群从幼树时期到成树时期大多为聚集分布,这主要与物种本身的生态和生物学特性以及物种的竞争排斥作用有密切联系.研究结果可为米槠林群落的保护和经营管理提供科学指导.

Studies were conducted on spatial pattern and sampling technique of the natural pinus taiwanensis communities by four methods,random quadrats, contiguous grid quadrats, point-centered quarter method and nearest neighbor method of four sampling method in three communities.Then the utility of four methods in analyzing the population pattern were compared, and the applicable function on spatial pattern by four methods were objectively appraised.The analyzing results indicated that the random quadrats methed and contiguous grid quadrats merhod had similar precision, but contiguous grid quadrats method had minimum errors and random quadrats methed had disadvantage in itself,therefore, contiguous grid quadrats method was the best sampling technigue.

Based on the data about Pinus taiwanensis population and the theory of survival analysis and spectral analysis, the static life table, the curves of survival, mortality rate, killing power and hazard rate are drown in this paper. At the same time, the authors analyzed the population dynamics by spectral analysis method. The results showed that the curve of survival generally trend to the Deevey II-III, and there was two peaks of mortality. Their death intensity and the time when they have mortality peaks had significant difference in different areas. The results from spectral analysis showed that Pinus taiwanensis in different areas had different growth periods, too. All these were related to the difference of geographical environment, climate and so on.

Populationstructureandspatialdistributionpatternwereinvestigatedin a3600m 2 plotof forest communitydominatedby Castanopsis carlesii,C.fabri,Distylium myricoides and Adinandra millettii inWuyishanStateNatureReserve,Fujian,China.Methodof Tallywithcontiguousgridquadrats wasusedto analyzefielddataobtained.Theresultsindicatedthatthepopulationsof thefourspecieshad a greatamountof reserveseedlings.Spatialdistributionpatternof thesedominantpopulationsappeared to haveclumpingdistribution,buttheclumpingintensityshoweddifferenceswithK values(negative binomialdistributionindex)from0.2661to1.2877.Castanopsis carlesii populationat different developmentalstagesallshowedclumpingdistribution,whileD.myricoides and C.fabri exhibited randomdistributionfor largetrees,and clumpingdistributionfor saplingsand mediantrees.As for Adinandra millettii,populationrandomdistributionwasshowninmediantrees,andclumpingdistribution in saplings.Suchdifferencesaredueto thebiologicalandecologicalcharacteristicsof thespeciesand thecompetitiveexclusionprinciple.Variesplotsizeshadalsoan effecton spatialdistributionpattern.

In this paper, the percentages of important value of Castanopsis carlessi, Distylium myricoides, Castanopsis fabri and Adinandra millettii are regarded as the measure of the competitive coefficience, and the dominant degree of normal standes are regarded as their environment capacity, then competitive pattern of the four species are discussed with the Lotka Volterra equation The results show that the relative dominance of C carlessi, D myricoides, C fabri and A millettii are 57 10%, 5 69%, 33 54%, 3 67% respectively when reaching their balance, and the whole community is controlled by C carlessi and C fabri population Moreover, the different scales of disturbance are simulated The results show that the different scales of disturbance have no significent effects on the community, which can provide theoretical basis and information for C carlesii forest protection and management

根据10块黄山松天然林标准地每木调查资料,对林木间的竞争与生长关系进行研究.在选择适合黄山松天然林的竞争指标的基础上,建立林分生长模型.研究结果表明:将林木胸径、对象木树冠面积及树冠重叠面积结合在一起所形成的竞争指标最能客观反映黄山松间的竞争关系;以竞争指标为基础,结合林分平均年龄、林分平均胸径、林分拥挤所建立的林分竞争生长模型可以较精确地预测林分的生长.

Based on the data obtrained from 40 Phyllostachys pubescens plots in Jianou City of Fujian Province, the distribution of energy was studied in this paper. The results showed that the energy contained in stems, branches and leaves, and underground parts of P. pubescens ecosystem were 4.2322 x 10(8) kJ.hm-2, 0.9230 x 10(8) kJ.hm-2 and 1.7643 x 10(8) kJ.hm-2, accounting for 61.32%, 13.11% and 25.57% of the total energy respectively.

研究马尾松人工林的6个竞争指数:相对树高、相对冠幅、冠长率、树冠伸长度、树冠完满度、树冠投影比,指出相对树高、相对冠幅和冠长率与马尾松直径生长关系密切,并建立它们与马尾松平均胸高断面积生长量之间的回归关系,建立3组活立木单木生长模型,同时用相对树高建立枯死木模型,以模拟林分生长.

依据生态学原理,对毛竹林种群的含水率、热值、生物量等进行研究.结果表明:毛竹秆、枝、叶各组分的平均含水率分别为39.95%、33.81%和50.81%,热值依次为20 100.23、19 892.03和19 460.62(kJ/kg),并在这基础上进一步分析了毛竹林种群光能利用率,从而为毛竹林的经营与开发提供科学依据.

本文对建瓯市毛竹丰产林的能量结构进行了研究，结果表明，１９９５年建瓯市毛竹丰产林地上部分能量现存量为１１９７７４．８ＫＪ／ｍ２，其中竹叶为７２４９．２ＫＪ／ｍ２（占６．０％），竹枝为１７４１４．１ＫＪ／ｍ２（占１４．５％），竹秆为９３９６９．１ＫＪ／ｍ２（占７８．５％），林下植物为１１５１．４ＫＪ／ｍ２（占１．０％）；地下部分能量现存量为４１８１９．３ＫＪ／ｍ２．毛竹标准样竹的样品中，枝、叶、秆的干重热值分别为１９８７３Ｊ／ｇ、１９４４２Ｊ／ｇ和２００８１Ｊ／ｇ．毛竹林群落地上部分和地下部分能量在垂直分布的配置上分别呈“金字塔型”和“倒金字塔型”的能量结构