Royal jelly(RJ),secreted by the hypopharyngeal and mandibular glands of young worker bees,is rich in proteins,80%‒90%of which are major royal jelly proteins(MRJPs).While MRJPs from RJ have been shown to exhibit specific biological functions and are also expressed in neuronal cells,their roles in vivo remain poorly understood.The aim of this study was to elucidate the functional roles of individual MRJPs(MRJP1‒9)in vivo by ectopically expressing them in Drosophila neurons in a binary expression system using fluorescent proteins as controls.Transcriptome sequencing revealed that although MRJP1‒9 share similar tertiary structures,their overexpression affects distinct gene sets.MRJP1,MRJP2,MRJP3,MRJP5,and MRJP7 induced more differentially expressed genes(DEGs),while MRJP4,MRJP6,MRJP8,and MRJP9 induced fewer such genes.Weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA)and gene set enrichment analysis(GSEA)revealed that MRJP1,MRJP2,MRJP3,MRJP5,and MRJP7 regulated overlapping gene sets,including an estradiol-responsive set,and activated cell proliferation pathways.MRJP6 lacked any significant gene set enrichment,while MRJP8 and MRJP9 modulated similar sets.Notably,the neuron-specific overexpression of MRJP1,MRJP2,MRJP3,and MRJP5 in Drosophila showed activated cell proliferation-related pathways and increased body sizes,highlighting their functional diversity and context-dependent effects.These findings expand our understanding of the functional roles of MRJPs and provide a foundation for further exploring their biological significance in honeybees and beyond.

Body composition is crucial for athletic performance and linked to the gut microbiota. Curcumin shows potential to promote muscle regeneration and modulate fat metabolism, but evidence from high-altitude populations remains scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of curcumin on body composition at high altitudes, and explore potential role of gut microbiota. A total of 102 male Han participants was randomized to curcumin (812 mg/d) or placebo groups for 1-week pre-acclimatization and 6-week high-altitude acclimatization. Body composition was assessed via bioelectrical impedance analysis and gut microbiota was analyzed through metagenomic sequencing. After high-altitude acclimatization, curcumin significantly reduced the percent body fat (PBF, P = 0.030). Soft lean mass (SLM), skeletal muscle mass (SMM) and fat free mass (FFM) were increased in both groups, but the curcumin group exhibited greater increases although without significant difference. Curcumin supplementation significantly attenuated the upper-limbs FFM and arm muscle circumference reduction (P < 0.05). The relative abundance of Eubacterium sp. CAG:180 was significantly negative with SLM and SMM (P < 0.05). Curcumin significantly increased the abundance of Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum, Eubacterium sp. CAG:274 and Eubacterium eligens (P < 0.01). Higher abundance of Eubacterium sp. CAG:274, Roseburia inulinivorans, and Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum were observed in high-skeletal muscle index participants. Lachnospira pectinoschiza, Clostridium leptum, and Eubacterium sp. CAG:274 were more abundant in low-PBF participants. Curcumin supplementation might increase muscle mass gain and reduce PBF during high-altitude acclimatization that may correlate with changes in gut microbiota composition, and their causal association remains to be further verified. Chinese Clinical Trail Registry, ChiCTR220005965. Registered on May 5, 2022.

RATIONALE:Royal jelly (RJ), a natural secretion produced by the hypopharyngeal and mandibular glands of worker honeybees, is a nutrient-rich substance that contains proteins, lipids, vitamins, and bioactive compounds. Among its key components, major royal jelly proteins (MRJPs) constitute the predominant fraction and have been linked to various physiological benefits. Our previous studies on female mice have shown that MRJPs can increase uterine and ovarian indices, estradiol levels, and endometrial thickening. Overexpression of MRJPs in female Drosophila can increase estrogen levels and activate cell proliferation signaling pathways, thereby promoting body growth. Therefore, we speculate that MRJPs may be helpful for women. Here, we describe a woman with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) who conceived naturally at week 4 after receiving oral MRJPs, an observation that warrants further investigation. PATIENTS CONCERNS:A 35-year-old female who was diagnosed with DOR through hormone testing before MRJPs administration. The clinical manifestations included dysmenorrhea and poor sleep. After taking the MRJPs, she conceived naturally. DIAGNOSES:The patient underwent hormonal testing at a specialized hospital and was diagnosed with DOR. INTERVENTIONS:The patient started taking 1g lyophilized powder of MRJPs (provided by Hangzhou Aili Biotechnology Co., Ltd. using ultrafiltration-mediated enrichment to retain MRJPs with a molecular weight of 4.9 × 104) orally in the morning and evening, respectively. OUTCOMES:The patient conceived naturally following 4 weeks of continuous MRJPs supplementation. During the administration of MRJPs, patients were monitored and asked about gastrointestinal and allergy-related adverse reactions. The results showed that no confirmed cases of gastrointestinal discomfort (including bloating, dull pain, cramps, nausea, or diarrhea) or allergic reactions (skin erythema, pruritus, or urticaria) occurred throughout the entire observation period. LESSONS:Given the non-generalizable nature of this single-case report, a randomized double-blind clinical trial has been arranged. The mechanisms of MRJPs require further elucidation, and potential lifestyle confounders such as sleep quality and physical activity were not objectively monitored.

Edible plant oils with a high n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) ratio exhibit numerous health benefits, potentially due to their ability to modulate cellular lipidomes metabolism within the organism. To test this hypothesis, lifespan studies in Drosophila were conducted to assess the impact of 7 representative plant oils with different n-3/n-6 PUFA ratios on health outcomes. Subsequently, multi-dimensional MS-based shotgun lipidomics was utilized for class-targeted lipid analysis of cellular lipidomes in fly bodies. The plant oils with high n-3/n-6 PUFAs ratio significantly extended the lifespan of Drosophila, enhancing overall health. Lipidomics analysis revealed that these oils substantially increased the composition of 18:3 free FA, reduced compositions of phospholipid species containing 18:2 FA in flies, and enhanced mitochondrial functions by elevating T18:2 cardiolipin composition. The study provides insights into the mechanism(s) underlying the positive health effects of plant oils with high n-3/n-6 PUFAs ratio.

Background: Previous evidence showed that curcumin enhanced the oxygen supply efficiency of hemoglobin and alleviated acute plateau hypoxia injury in animal models. However, its efficacy on human beings is not yet verified. This study aimed to assess the effects of curcumin supplementation on hypoxia injury and gut microbiota in the male Han population. Methods: In this 7-week single-blinded randomized trial, 102 male Han population urgently entered the 3,000 meters altitude from the plain and received 812 mg curcumin or placebo per day for 1 week on the plain and 6 weeks on the plateau. Biochemical parameters were assessed and physical examination was carried out at the baseline (T0), and the end of the 1st (T-1) and 7th week (T-3) of intervention. The score of acute mountain sickness (AMS) was evaluated in the 2nd week after entering the plateau (T-2) and T-3. Intestine microbial composition was analyzed by metagenomic sequencing. Results: After a 1-week intervention on the plain, curcumin significantly increased red blood cells (RBC), hematocrit (HCT), and hemoglobin in treatment group as compared to placebo group (p < 0.05). However, curcumin significantly reduced the levels of HCT and hemoglobin compared to that in the placebo group after the 6-week intervention on the plateau (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the score of AMS in the curcumin group were lower than those in the placebo group at T-3, although with no significant difference. Gut microbiota analysis indicated that curcumin significantly increased the abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria Roseburia, Lachnospira, and Sellimonas while decreasing the abundance of Alistipes and Escherichia at high-altitude environments. In addition, a higher relative abundance of Bifidobacterium was observed in the curcumin group on the plateau. Conclusion: Curcumin exhibited different regulation of hemoglobin in low- and high-altitude environments. On the plain, curcumin supplementation elevated the RBC and hemoglobin, which is favorable for reducing the incidence of AMS at the early stage of entering the plateau. On the plateau, curcumin suppressed excessive increase of HCT and hemoglobin by modulating the abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria to avoid the occurrence of high-altitude polycythemia. Clinical trial registration: https://www.chictr.org.cn/, identifier: ChiCTR220005965.

Royal jelly (RJ) is a biologically active substance secreted by the hypopharyngeal and mandibular glands of worker honeybees. It is widely claimed that RJ reduces oxidative stress. However, the antioxidant activity of RJ has mostly been determined by in vitro chemical detection methods or by external administration drugs that cause oxidative stress. Whether RJ can clear the endogenous production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells remains largely unknown. Here, we systematically investigated the antioxidant properties of RJ using several endogenous oxidative stress models of Drosophila. We found that RJ enhanced sleep quality of aging Drosophila, which is decreased due to an increase of oxidative damage with age. RJ supplementation improved survival and suppressed ROS levels in gut cells of flies upon exposure to hydrogen peroxide or to the neurotoxic agent paraquat. Moreover, RJ supplementation moderated levels of ROS in endogenous gut cells and extended lifespan after exposure of flies to heat stress. Sleep deprivation leads to accumulation of ROS in the gut cells, and RJ attenuated the consequences of oxidative stress caused by sleep loss and prolonged lifespan. Mechanistically, RJ prevented cell oxidative damage caused by heat stress or sleep deprivation, with the antioxidant activity in vivo independent of Keap1/Nrf2 signaling. RJ supplementation activated oxidoreductase activity in the guts of flies, suggesting its ability to inhibit endogenous oxidative stress and maintain health, possibly in humans.

Numerous studies currently compare the lipid metabolism in patients with cardiovascular disease（CVD） and healthy individuals to identify lipid markers for predicting CVD. In this study, multidimensional mass spectrometry-based shotgun lipidomics was used to examine the serum lipidomics of participants in a clinical randomized controlled feeding trial undergoing olive oil（OO）, camellia seed oil（CSO）, and soybean oil（SO） dietary interventions. 189 lipid molecules are identified, including 14 species of phosphatidylinositol, 45 species of ethanolamine glycerols（PE）, 47 species of choline glycerophospholipids（PC）, 39 species of triacylglycerols（TAG）, 18 species of lysophosphatidylcholine, and 26 species of sphingomyelin. After screening, 10 lipid markers are found, among which 18:2 fatty acid（FA）, 16:1 FA, C 54:4 /C 55:11 , C 54:3 /C 55:10 , and C 52:3 /C 53:10 in TAG pool, p 18:0/20:0 and a 18:0/18:1 in PC pool, and p 18:1/20:4 in PE pool have differential regulation in the SO group compared to OO and CSO. The d 16:0/18:1 in PC pool and C 52:2 /C 53:9 in TAG pool are differentially regulated by OO and CSO. The C 52:2 /C 53:9 in TAG pool has a significant negative correlation with aspartate aminotransferase（r =-0.363, P = 0.048） and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol（r =-0.519, P < 0.01）. This study provides a reference for researching the effect of dietary fat on blood lipid metabolism.

In this study, we investigated the effects of major royal jelly proteins (MRJPs) on the estrogen, gut microbiota, and immunological responses in mice. Mice given 250 or 500 mg/kg, not 125 mg/kg of MRJPs, enhanced the proliferation of splenocytes in response to mitogens. The splenocytes and mesenteric lymphocytes activated by T-cell mitogens (ConA and anti-CD3/CD28 antibodies) released high levels of IL-2 but low levels of IFN-γ and IL-17A. The release of IL-4 was unaffected by MRJPs. Additionally, splenocytes and mesenteric lymphocytes activated by LPS were prevented by MRJPs at the same dose as that required for producing IL-1β and IL-6, two pro-inflammatory cytokines. The production of IL-1β, IL-6, and IFN-γ was negatively associated with estrogen levels, which were higher in the MRJP-treated animals than in the control group. Analysis of the gut microbiota revealed that feeding mice 250 mg/kg of MRJPs maintained the stability of the natural intestinal microflora of mice. Additionally, the LEfSe analysis identified biomarkers in the MRJP-treated mice, including Prevotella, Bacillales, Enterobacteriales, Gammaproteobacteria, Candidatus_Arthromitus, and Shigella. Our results showed that MRJPs are important components of royal jelly that modulate host immunity and hormone levels and help maintain gut microbiota stability.

Camellia oil and olive oil with superior economic value are easily adulterated with other, cheaper oils. It is difficult to identify both oils by traditional methods because of their similar fatty acid profiles. In the present study, a novel method for qualitative and quantitative analysis of ss-sitosterol using GC/MS and GC/FID was developed to identify camellia oil and olive oil. The method validation of ss-sitosterol analysis showed good linearity and satisfactory values for recovery, accuracy, precision, and repeatability. The linear regression coefficient (R2) of the calibration curve was 0.9985. An acceptable limit of detection (0.36 mg/100 g) and limit of quantification (1.20 mg/100 g) were achieved. The spiked recoveries were 95.0% to 100.3%. The relative standard deviation (RSD) of within-day precision was less than 3.26%, and the RSD of retention times and peak areas for repeatability were within 0.03% and 1.08%, respectively. The contents of ss-sitosterol in virgin camellia oil and virgin olive oil were in the range of 14.1-30.2 mg/100 g and 94.3-173.2 mg/100 g, respectively, indicating that the ss-sitosterol content in the former is seven times that in the latter, and ss-sitosterol could be a potential marker for the authentication and adulteration detection of both oils.

Demands for dietary supplements with anti-fatigue effects are growing fast due to increasing societal demands. Moreover, in highly physically active individuals, there are also significant needs for supplements to improve exercise performance. The present study evaluated the potential anti-fatigue and anti-oxidant effects of curcumin in mice using exhaustive swimming test. Male C57BL/6J mice were randomized into six groups: blank control (Rest), swimming control (Con), Vitamin C (Vc), low-dose curcumin (C50), middle-dose curcumin (C100), and high-dose curcumin (C200). After a 4-week intervention, the mice in all groups except the Rest group were subject to an exhaustive swimming test. Then, mice were sacrificed to examine serum biochemical markers and fatigue-related enzymes. Moreover, the gene and protein expressions of signal transduction factors involved in the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway were measured. The results indicated that curcumin significantly enhanced the exercise tolerance of mice in the exhaustive swimming test. Particularly, the swimming time of mice in the C100 group was increased by 273.5% when compared to that of mice in the Con group. The levels of blood urea nitrogen, blood ammonia, lactic acid, creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase in the C100 group were decreased by 13.3%, 21.0%, 18.6%, 16.7% and 21.9%, respectively, when compared to those of mice in the Con group. Curcumin alleviated exercise-induced oxidative stress and significantly enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase by activating the Nrf2 signaling. These findings indicated that curcumin supplementation exerted remarkable anti-oxidant and anti-fatigue effects in mice, providing additional evidence supporting the use of curcumin as functional food, especially by those engaged in sports-related activities.

Concerns regarding food security arise from population growth, global warming, and reduction in arable land. With advances in synthetic biology, food production by microbes is considered to be a promising alternative that would allow rapid food production in an environmentally friendly manner. Moreover, synthetic biology can be adopted to the production of healthier or specifically designed food ingredients (e.g., high-value proteins, lipids, and vitamins) and broaden the utilization of feedstocks (e.g., methanol and CO2), thereby offering potential solutions to high-quality food and the greenhouse effect. We first present how synthetic biology can facilitate the microbial production of various food components, and then discuss feedstock availability enabled by synthetic biology. Finally, we illustrate trends and key challenges in synthetic biology-driven food production.

In order to establish an accurate detection method for royal jelly freshness, the major royal jelly proteins (MRJPs) in royal jelly by trypsin enzymatic hydrolysis were identified by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS). The primary sequence data of eight MRJPs (MRJP1-7 and MRJP9) were identified by proteomics analysis platform. Then three specific marker polypeptides were obtained according to the criteria of highly easy enzymolysis and high stability, including YNGVPSSLNVISK (MRJP1), TLQMIAGMK (MRJP2), and LTVAGESFTVK (MRJP3). The three specific marker polypeptides of MRJP1-3 and their isotopic marker peptides were synthesized, respectively, and an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-TQMS) method for the quantitative detection of MRJP1-3 in royal jelly was established. The results showed that the MRJP1 polypeptide had a good linear relationship in the range of 10-1 600 ng/mL, and MRJP2 and MRJP3 polypeptides had a good linear relationship in the range of 10-600 ng/mL, and the correlations of determination (R2) were all more than 0.99. Finally, by analyzing the degradation degrees of MRJP1-3 in royal jelly with the aging time, it was confirmed that the degradation rates of MRJP1-3 were all positively correlated with the aging time at 40 ℃ (R2＞0.9). It is indicated that the MRJP1-3 detection method established in this study is highly specific, which provides technical support for the quality evaluation of royal jelly.

[目的]精液冷冻保存作为人工授精不可或缺的一个技术环节,对优质畜禽种群的繁衍和保存有着至关重要的意义.目前,因精液冻存时冻存液成分、冷冻方法和外部氧化应激等因素影响,导致冻存精液品质不一.蜂王浆(RJ)已被证明能提高动物精液品质,蜂王浆主蛋白(MRJPs)作为RJ主要生物活性成分物质,具有多种生物活性和抗氧化能力.[方法]为提高冻存精子品质,本研究开展了在公牛精液冻存液中添加不同浓度(0 g/25 mL、0.01 g/25 mL、0.02 g/25 mL、0.03 g/25 mL、0.04 g/25 mL)的MRJPs冻干粉,对冻存48 h后解冻精子的总活力、前进性活力、畸形率等相关参数进行了观察评估.[结果]添加MRJPs呈浓度依赖性方式显著降低精子总活力、快速前进性活力、缓慢前进性活力和直行性活力(P<0.05),而且精子畸形率和精子原地移动活力与对照组相比无显著差异(P>0.05).[结论]精液冻存液中添加MRJPs会抑制冻存精子活力,因此,对MRJPs能以何种方式提高精液品质的研究还需要进一步开展.

Previous studies have suggested that replacing saturated fat with unsaturated fat is beneficial for cardiometabolic health. However, research that directly compares the effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) is rare. The present 3-month, three-arm, randomized, controlled-feeding trial aimed to investigate the effects of n-6 PUFA- and MUFA-rich cooking oils on body weight and cardiometabolic profiles among middle-aged and elderly Chinese women at high cardiovascular risk. Ninety participants were recruited and randomly assigned to groups fed diets using n-6 PUFA-rich soybean oil (SO, n = 30), MUFA-rich olive oil (OO, n = 30), and MUFA-rich camellia seed oil (CSO, n = 30) as cooking oils considering traditional Chinese eating habits for 3 months. Participants were required to eat only the foods provided for lunch and dinner, and avoid intake of edible oils in breakfast. Body weight and cardiovascular profiles were measured at the baseline, middle, and end of the intervention, and group differences in changes of outcomes during intervention were examined by a linear mixed model. We found no significant difference in the changes of body weight among the SO group (mean change, 0.31 kg; 95% CI, -0.88 to 0.27), the OO group (mean change, -0.13 kg; 95% CI, -0.62 to 0.36), and the CSO group (mean change, -0.72 kg; 95% CI, -1.38 to -0.07). For secondary outcomes, the OO group showed a slight increase in HDL cholesterol (P = 0.03), while the CSO group showed greater reduction in aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (P = 0.02) when compared with the SO group. These results suggested that MUFA-rich OO and CSO exerted more favorable effects on cardiometabolic profiles among middle-aged and elderly Chinese women at high cardiovascular risk than the n-6 PUFA-rich SO.

姜黄是重要的药食两用植物,也是我国传统常用中药材,目前其市售原材料主要来源于人工栽培.姜黄中主要含有姜黄素类和挥发油等有效成分,具有破血行气、通经止痛的功效,现代临床常用于抗肿瘤、抗炎、抗氧化、抗菌、神经保护等,可用作药物、天然抗氧化剂、食品添加剂、着色剂等,具有广阔的应用前景.就近十年姜黄的栽培、化学成分、药理作用、质量评价、资源开发利用等方面的进展进行了总结,以期为姜黄的深入研究和开发利用提供参考.

[目的]探讨库尔勒香梨发育过程中不同果实部位的酚类物质含量及抗氧化活性的动态变化趋势.[方法]对库尔勒香梨果实生长发育过程中不同组织部位的总酚、总黄酮、酚类物质含量及其对ABTS+自由基清除能力、DPPH自由基清除能力和铁还原能力(FRAP)进行测定,并分析酚类物质与抗氧化能力之间的相关性.[结果]在库尔勒香梨果实生长发育过程中果皮、果肉和心外果肉中总黄酮、总酚含量、DPPH自由基清除能力、FRAP和ABTS+自由基清除能力均呈现先上升后下降的趋势;在果皮中熊果苷含量最高,在果肉和心外果肉中只检测出熊果苷、绿原酸、儿茶素、表儿茶素、异鼠李糖-3-O-芸香糖苷和异鼠李素-3-O-葡萄糖苷;在香梨果心中总黄酮、总酚含量和FRAP呈现逐渐下降的趋势,DPPH自由基清除能力、ABTS+自由基清除能力呈现先上升后下降的趋势,且绿原酸含量最高;库尔勒香梨果实中酚类物质的抗氧化活性极高,其中与FRAP呈显著正相关(p＜0.01).[结论]库尔勒香梨果实含有丰富的酚类物质,随着果实的发育呈现逐渐降低的趋势.果皮和果心具有更高含量的酚类物质和更强的抗氧化能力.

Background & aims: Previous studies suggest an interaction of CD36 genetic variant rs1527483 with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) to modulate blood lipids. However, successful replication is lacking and the role of gut microbiome remains unclear. Here, we aimed to replicate these gene-diet interactions on blood lipids and investigate their possible associations with gut microbiome. Methods: We evaluated the n-3 PUFA-rs1527483 interaction on blood lipids in two population-based cohorts (n 1/4 4,786). We profiled fecal microbiome and short-chain fatty acids among 1,368 participants. The associations between n-3 PUFAs and bacterial alpha-diversity, taxonomies and short-chain fatty acids by rs1527483 genotypes were analyzed using regression models. Results: CD36 rs1527483-GG carriers responded better to high n-3 PUFA exposure; higher blood HDL-C (beta (95% CI): 0.05 (0.01, 0.08) mmol/L) and lower TG (log-transformed, beta (95% CI):-0.08 (-0.14,-0.02)) were observed among participants whose n-3 PUFA exposure ranked in the top quartile comparing with those in the bottom quartile. We identified docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) as the driven individual n-3 PUFA biomarker, which showed interaction with rs1527483. Among the rs1527483-GG carriers, but not other genotype groups, DHA exposure was positively associated with bacterial Faith's phylogenetic diversity, Observed OTUs, Shannon's diversity index, Dorea, Coriobacteriales Incertae Sedis spp, and fecal propionic acid levels. Another independent longitudinal cohort validated the DHArs1527483 interaction on gut microbiome. The identified microbial features were correlated with blood lipids, and the host biosynthesis and metabolism pathways of bile acids and aromatic amino acids. Conclusions: The present study found that higher n-3 PUFAs were associated with improved blood lipids and gut microbial features only among rs1527483-GG carriers. These findings highlight a potential role of gut microbiome to link the CD36 genetic variant, n-3 PUFAs and blood lipids, revealing a new research direction to interpret the gene-diet interaction for cardiometabolic health. (c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers and the leading causes of cancer mortality. However, the molecular mechanisms of gastric cancer malignancy remain unclear. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been well documented in controlling cancer progression. Identification of critical lncRNAs in gastric cancer will provide new sights into the regulation mechanism of gastric cancer. Here, we screened differentially expressed lncRNAs in gastric cancer tissues and matched adjacent tissues and found that lncRNA LIT3527, a 486-nucleotide (nt) sense transcript, was frequently upregulated in gastric cancer tissues. Knockdown of LIT3527 dramatically suppressed proliferation and migration of gastric cancer cells through inducing severe cell death but not affecting cell cycle. Mechanistically, we uncovered that depletion of LIT35227 induced significant cell apoptosis and autophagy through inhibiting AKT/ERK/mTOR signaling pathway. Targeting LIT3527 showed a robust inhibition of lung metastasis of gastric cancer cells. Taken together, these results suggest that LIT3527 is essential for gastric cancer cell survival through maintaining mTOR activity, suggesting that it may be clinically valuable as a therapeutic target for gastric cancer.

Major royal jelly proteins (MRJPs) have been used as endogenous biomarkers for honey authentication. However, no study on quantification of MRJPs in honey authentication was reported. In order to develop a new honey authenticity method based on quantitative analysis of MRJPs in honey, trypsin-digested peptides from MRJPs were examined by mass spectrometry (MS). Three peptides, YNGVPSSLNVISK, TLQMIAGMK, and LTVA-GESFTVK were selected as specific markers for MRJP1, MRJP 2 and MRJP 3(MRJP1 similar to 3), respectively. An ultra performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole MS (UPLC-TQMS) method used for quantification of MRJPs in honey was developed and validated. A database on the MRJP1 similar to 3 contents of honey established by quantification of 70 authentic samples showed a potential application in honey authenticity identification. The analysis results of 10 commercial honey samples by UPLC-TQMS with reference to the MRJP1 similar to 3 database of authentic honey were compared and confirmed by widely used isotope ratio mass spectrometry, a AOAC Official Method. In conclusion, the results showed our method, a proteomic-based UPLC-TQMS method, has a high accuracy, sensitivity and specificity for honey authenticity.