The residues of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) in the environment and crops, resulting from irrational use will cause irreversible damage to the human nervous system by hindering acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities. This study developed a novel proportional fluorescence sensing system based on UiO-66-NH2 coated MnO2 and Ampliflu Red (AR). In this sensor system, manganese dioxide nanosheets have both fluorescence quenching and catalytic functions. Based on the core mechanism of selective decomposition by reducing agents, it can respond to various OPs and enable multi-target detection of reducing biomolecules such as glutathione (GSH), cysteine (Cys), and ascorbic acid (AA). By means of principal component analysis (PCA), the sensor can effectively distinguish among GSH, Cys, and AA, achieving specific recognition of multiple targets. Under optimal conditions, the detection linear range for parathion is 1 × 10-6to 9 × 10-1 mg/mL, with a detection limit as low as 0.33 × 10-6 mg/mL; The linear ranges for GSH, Cys, and AA detection are 1-100 μM, 30-90 μM, and 1-50 μM, respectively, with detection limits of 0.33 μM, 10 μM, and 0.33 μM, respectively. This method exhibits high accuracy, facile operation, and favorable stability. It has been successfully implemented for the detection of tap water and 1% human serum samples. This makes the research findings more intuitive and clear. In addition, this research provides a feasible approach for developing diversified sensors based on functionalized metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), demonstrating strong potential for applications in environmental monitoring and bioanalysis.

This meta-analysis aimed to assess whether oral frailty could be associated with higher odds of physical frailty among older adults. A systematic literature search of observational studies was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase from database inception until July 3, 2025. Literature screening, data extraction, and quality assessment were performed independently by two reviewers. Any discrepancies were resolved through discussion or by consultation with a third reviewer. Meta-analysis was performed using STATA 18.0 to calculate pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between oral frailty scores and frailty risk among older adults in Hubei Province, as well as to construct and validate a frailty diagnostic prediction model based on oral frailty scores. A total of 433 elderly individuals were recruited, of whom 384 aged 60 years and above from Hubei Province were ultimately included in the cross-sectional study. Frailty status was assessed using the FRAIL scale. Prior to performing multivariate logistic regression to identify independent associated factors, the data were balanced using the SMOTE-Tomek Links technique. A nomogram prediction model was constructed based on key variables. Its predictive performance and calibration were evaluated using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve and calibration curves. Multivariate regression analysis identified age ≥ 80 years, limited physical activity duration, and fewer than 20 remaining teeth as independent associated factors for frailty. ROC curve analysis indicated that both the D-E-N-T-A-L score (AUC = 0.812) and the OFI-8 score (AUC = 0.693) were predictive of frailty status, with the former demonstrating stronger discriminative ability in this sample. The nomogram model integrating age, physical activity level, number of remaining teeth, social interaction, frequency of outings, and the D-E-N-T-A-L score achieved an AUC of 0.838. The nomogram model based on D-E-N-T-A-L oral frailty score demonstrated good discriminative ability for concurrent frailty status in a sample of community-dwelling older adults. It may serve as a potential screening aid for early frailty screening and personalized health management, thereby facilitating early intervention for frailty among older adults.

Salivary gland (SG) dysfunction is a hallmark manifestation of Sjögren's disease (SjD). While SHP2 has been implicated in several autoimmune diseases, its specific function in SjD remains to be elucidated. Here, we investigated the involvement of SHP2 in SjD-induced SG damage and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. Our findings revealed that SHP2 is elevated in SG tissues of SjD patients and SjD-like animals, with predominant localization to salivary gland epithelial cells (SGECs) of acini and ducts. Notably, pharmacological inhibition of SHP2 with the allosteric inhibitor SHP099 significantly alleviates SG histopathological damage and reduces inflammatory cell infiltration in SjD-like animals. In vitro studies in the human SGEC line A253 revealed that SHP2 inhibition attenuated poly(I:C)-induced SGEC apoptosis and proinflammatory cytokine production. Mechanistically, SHP099 treatment disrupted the IL-17RA/ACT1/TRAF6 signaling axis, phenocopying the effects of SHP2 knockdown and direct IL-17R antagonism, which leads to downregulation of JAK/STAT3 and NF-κB pathways. Collectively, our findings highlight the significant involvement of SHP2 in the pathogenesis of SjD and suggest that targeting SHP2 or its downstream signaling pathways may represent a promising therapeutic approach for SjD treatment.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects and mechanisms of miRNA 221 on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI) in mice through the regulation of phospholamban (PLB) expression.MethodsThe MIRI mouse model was created and mice were divided into sham, MIRI, MIRI+ 221, and MIRI+ scr groups, with miRNA 221 overexpression induced in the myocardium of MIRI mice by targeted myocardial injection. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis was performed to observe the variation in miRNA 221, PLB, SERCA2, RYR2, NCX1, Cyt C and caspase 3 mRNA levels in myocardium, while Western blot assessed the levels of PLB, p-PLB (Ser16), p-PLB (Thr17), SERCA2, RYR2, NCX1, Cyt C and caspase 3 proteins. Changes in the structural integrity of the mouse heart were identified with HE and MASSON staining, while TUNEL staining was used to evaluate the TUNEL-positive cells of cardiomyocytes. Changes in myocardium calcium concentration were detected with reagent kits and the targeting interaction between miRNA 221 and PLB was evaluated using a luciferase reporter assay.ResultsIn the myocardium of MIRI mice, miRNA 221 level was significantly reduced, while the levels of PLB, p-PLB (Ser16), p-PLB (Thr17), and apoptosis-related genes caspase 3, and Cyt C were increased markedly, as well as calcium levels in myocardium. Following the overexpression of miRNA 221 in myocardium, there was a marked alleviation of myocardial injury and cardiomyocyte apoptosis and necrosis, significant enhancement of left ventricular systolic function, and marked decrease in the levels of PLB, p-PLB (Ser16), p-PLB (Thr17), caspase 3 and Cyt C, as well as a significant decrease in total calcium levels in myocardium.ConclusionsmiRNA 221 can alleviate myocardial injury in mouse myocardial ischemia/reperfusion by suppressing the expression of PLB, thus reducing calcium overload in myocardium.

AIM:Early childhood caries (ECC) remains a significant global health challenge. While fluoride-based treatments are the standard, bioactive glass (BAG) has emerged as a promising alternative for caries prevention. This clinical trial aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a fluoride-free BAG-based toothpaste compared to a fluoride toothpaste in preventing ECC. METHODS:This double-blinded, multicentre, randomized controlled trial enrolled 1063 children aged 3 to 4 years from 12 kindergartens in Hubei, China. Participants were randomly assigned to either the test (fluoride-free toothpaste containing 7.5% (w/w) BAG) or the control (fluoride toothpaste containing 800 ppm F) group. The primary outcomes were caries increment, measured as changes in decayed, missing, and filled teeth (dmft) and surfaces (dmfs) scores, and caries incidence after 27 months. Secondary outcomes included caries increment and incidence assessed at 12 months of follow-up. RESULTS:Baseline characteristics were well balanced between the test and control groups. Both groups demonstrated progressive increases in caries measures during the follow-up periods, though no statistically significant differences emerged between the interventions. At 27 months, caries increment and incidence were comparable between the test and control groups (P > .05 for all comparisons). Similar patterns were observed at 12 months, with both groups showing equivalent caries progression. No adverse events were reported during the study period. CONCLUSIONS:This trial revealed that fluoride-free toothpaste containing 7.5% (w/w) BAG exhibited comparable efficacy to 800 ppm fluoride toothpaste in preventing ECC over 27 months. However, both interventions were associated with substantial caries progression (mean dmft increment >2.0), indicating limited effectiveness in preschool children.

Herein, we report a method for metal-catalyzed para-Csp2-H functionalization of arylamines through photoinduced ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) for prospective application. The photo-LMCT-homolysis mode allows Sc-N complexes to form nitrogen radical intermediates, which are then isomerized into aryl radicals and prepared for subsequent radical coupling. A selective construction of C-O, C-S, C-Se, and C-C bonds has been achieved, and these reactions offer operationally simple, low-catalyst, and highly regioselective procedures for accessing valuable arylamine functionalization in a single step.

Cinnamaldehyde (CA) is the characteristic flavor compound of cinnamon, and the high volatility and instability limit its application in food and flavor industries. This study utilized the reversible self-assembly characteristics of Marsupenaeus japonicus ferritin (MjFer) to encapsulate CA within ferritin nanocages, constructing MjFer and CA complex (MjFer-CA). CA could be successfully encapsulated in ferritin cage with an encapsulation efficiency of 22.77 ± 0.74 % with an applying molar ratio of 1:80 (MjFer/CA). MjFer-CA maintained a homogeneous and globular morphology with a diameter of 15.32 nm. Compared to CA, the encapsulated CA within MjFer-CA displayed enhanced thermal stability (40 °C, 60 °C, and 80 °C), photostability (natural and UV light), and storage stability (4 °C and 25 °C). Moreover, electronic nose, GC-MS, and sensory evaluation analyses confirmed the protective effect of ferritin on CA. This investigation proposes ferritin as a promising delivery system for volatile flavor compounds, offering a novel strategy for flavor preservation.

The appropriate management of traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) in immature permanent teeth is critical for predicting prognosis and preserving injured teeth. However, providing accurate treatment is always challenging for dental students due to their limited knowledge of TDIs. This study aimed to assess TDIs in immature permanent teeth in terms of knowledge, attitudes, and clinical practice among Chinese dental undergraduates and residents. Dental undergraduates (in 3rd -, 4th -, and 5th -years) and residents (in 1st -, 2nd -, and 3rd -years) at the School of Stomatology, Wuhan University (763 in total, from May to June 2024), were distributed with a structured electronic questionnaire containing 22 items. The obtained data was statistically analyzed via the Chi-square (χ2) test (p < 0.05) using SPSS. Participants from various academic levels completed 502 questionnaires, with a response rate of 65.79

BACKGROUND: Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) are common emergencies, particularly in children and adolescents, requiring prompt and effective management to ensure favorable outcomes. However, dental residents' preparedness in managing TDIs remains understudied, especially in the context of educational and clinical practice gaps. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of dental residents regarding TDI management, with a focus on identifying training deficiencies and informing curricular improvements. METHODS: A survey was conducted among 256 dental residents from the School of Stomatology, Wuhan University, China. A validated electronic questionnaire was distributed to assess demographic characteristics, clinical exposure, knowledge competency, professional attitudes, and practice patterns related to TDIs. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests. RESULTS: While 88.7% of residents encountered TDIs, only 67.2% felt confident in management protocols, with significant disparities across specialties (P= 0.038). Traditional classroom teaching was the primary learning method (87.7%), whereas online resources were less frequently used (9.7% in Oral Surgery). Only 28.1% expressed satisfaction with traditional teaching methods. Although 94.5% acknowledged the importance of pulp preservation, 6.9% of General Dentistry residents held uncertain attitudes. Clinical independence varied, with 63.8% of General Dentistry residents occasionally managing cases independently, compared to 77.4% of Oral Surgery residents who never did. CONCLUSIONS: Dental residents recognize the clinical importance of TDI management, but gaps in knowledge translation, uneven specialty training, and reliance on outdated pedagogies hinder clinical readiness. Reforms incorporating blended learning, simulation-based training, and competency-based assessments are urgently needed to optimize residents' education and patient care.

A modular platform technology for the synthesis of α-aryl carbonyl derivatives via Borono-Catellani-type secondary alkylation of arenes is presented. This practical method features a broad substrate scope regarding aryl boronic acid catechol esters, secondary alkyl bromides, and diversified terminating reagents (e.g., olefins, alkynes, and Zn(CN)2), mild reaction conditions, and good functional-group tolerance. Importantly, the asymmetric version based on a dynamic kinetic asymmetric transformation (DyKAT) has also been realized by introducing the 1:1 diastereomeric mixture of α-bromo carboxamides bearing an Evans chiral auxiliary as the electrophiles, and constantly excellent diastereoselectivities (>20:1 d.r.) are obtained. Notably, the obtained chiral products can be readily transformed into diversified enantioenriched α-aryl propionic acid derivatives, laying a solid foundation for the discovery of new NSAIDs. Through mechanistic studies and DFT calculations, a critical stereoretentive oxidative addition step is revealed in this Borono-Catellani secondary alkylation reaction, and the origins of stereodiscrimination of this DyKAT are well explained.

Phosphorus stereocenter, a ubiquitous central chiral element, plays a crucial role in pharmaceuticals, materials science and asymmetric catalysis. As such, stereoselective construction of phosphorus stereo-centers has become important in the field of organic synthesis. Herein we report a general and modular method for the construction of P-stereogenic centers via palladium/chiral norbornene cooperative catalysis-enabled desymmetrization/kinetic resolution process. It is a two-component annulation reaction that involves widely available aryl iodides and prochiral or racemic phosphinamides as the reactants. A wide variety of substrates bearing an assortment of functional groups (50 examples) are compatible with this method. Other features include a distinct enantiodiscrimination mechanism, excellent stereoselectivities, and scalability. The obtained chiral P-stereogenic products bear a common C-Br bond, which can be elaborated for the synthesis of new P-stereogenic compounds with diverse structural features. In addition, preliminary studies uncover the promising chiroptical properties of these P-stereogenic cyclic phosphinamides. Density functional theory calculations are performed to reveal that the noncovalent hydrogen bonding interaction is the origin of enantiodiscrimination during the desymmetrization process.

Phosphorus stereocenter, as a ubiquitous central chiral element, plays a crucial role in pharmaceuticals, materials science and asymmetric catalysis. As such, stereoselective construction of phosphorus stereocenters has become an important endeavour in organic synthesis. Herein we report a general and modular method for the construction of P-stereogenic centres via palladium/chiral norbornene cooperative catalysis-enabled desymmetrization/kinetic resolution process. It is a two-component annulation reaction that involves widely available aryl iodides and prochiral or racemic phosphinamides as the reactants. A wide variety of substrates bearing an assortment of functional groups (50 examples) are compatible with this method. Other features include a distinct enantiodiscrimination mechanism, excellent stereoselectivities and scalability. The obtained chiral P-stereogenic products bearing a common C–Br bond, which can be elaborated for the synthesis of new P-stereogenic compounds with diverse structural features. In addition, preliminary studies uncover the promising chiroptical properties of these P‑stereogenic cyclic phosphinamides. DFT calculations are performed to reveal non-covalent hydrogen bonding interaction is the origin of enantiodiscrimination during the desymmetrization process.

Herein, we report an asymmetric two-component alkenyl Catellani reaction for the construction of C-N axial chirality through a palladium/chiral norbornene cooperative catalysis and an axial-to-axial chirality transfer process. Various partially aromatic iodinated 2-pyridones, quinolones, coumarin and uracil substrates react with 2,6-disubstituted aryl bromides with a tethered amide group, to afford a wide variety of polycyclic C-N atropisomers (38 examples, up to 97% e.e.). The obtained C-N axial chirality originates from the preformed transient C-C axial chirality with high fidelity. The synthetic utility of this chemistry is demonstrated by facile preparation of complex quinoline and pyridine based C-N atropisomers through a N-deprotection and aromatization sequence. In addition, a remote axial-to-central diastereoinduction process dictated by C-N axial chirality is observed with excellent diastereocontrol.

The development of B-lymphoblastic leukemia is tightly associated with aberrant expression of Pax-5a. This work presented a novel dual signal amplification strategy-based Pax-5a detection method by combining the rolling circle amplification reaction (RCA) and the Entropy-driven toehold-mediated strand displacement (ETSD). Particularly noteworthy is the employed ETSD, which effectively improves the rate and stability of the reaction due to its unique entropy-driven principle. The uniqueness of this method is the combination of two amplification techniques, each utilizing its own strengths to achieve our intended purpose. This sensing method has been effectively used to determine the Pax-5a gene which with a reliable linear correlation for detection within a range and achieving a detection limit of 3.34 pM, calculated using the formula (3σ/S). Furthermore, even in 1 % of human serum samples, the biosensor can identify the target gene with exceptional sensitivity. The recovery rates fall within the range of 96.68-101.76 %, with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 5.47 %. The method has a strong specificity based on sequence-specific hybridization of nucleic acids, thereby effectively preventing potential false-positive results. This fluorescent biosensor has a high detection capability for Pax-5a, and offers stable results. It provides a new way for early clinical diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

BACKGROUND:To verify the validity of diagnosing initial caries on occlusal surface of permanent posterior teeth by laser fluorescence instrument DIAGNOdent pen. METHODS:Patients from School of Stomatology in Wuhan University were selected and their posterior teeth were examined using DIAGNOdent pen and the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS II) by an experienced dentist. After teeth extraction, histological criteria were used to determine the severity of the lesions. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, the area under the curve (AUC), and correlation of DIAGNOdent pen and ICDAS II were analyzed compared with histological criteria. Examiners' agreement was measured. RESULTS:The sensitivity range was 0.440-1 while that of specificity was 0.750-0.994. The accuracy and AUC were above 80% and 0.7 respectively. Consistency of examiners' kappa values of ICDAS II, DIAGNOdent pen, and histological criteria were ranged from 0.629 to 0.840. CONCLUSIONS:ICDAS II and DIAGNOdent pen can be effectively used in tandem or independently for the assessment of initial caries.

We herein report a modular one-step three-component protocol for the assembly of isochromans, which involved a Catellani/oxa-Michael addition cascade. This approach features readily available starting materials, mild reaction conditions, low palladium catalyst loading, good scalability as well as high step- and atom-economy.

This review discusses the effects of ginseng and its extracts in the treatment of dental caries, periodontal diseases, endodontic diseases, oral cancers, oral mucosal diseases, and some other dental associations. In the meantime, bioavailability and safety application of ginseng products are discussed. All of the articles reviewed were from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, and VIP Chinese Science and Technology Periodicals Full-Text Database through November 2022, including full-text English or non-English publications. Ginseng and its extracts were shown to have beneficial effects on oral diseases, and further studies are needed to understand the mechanisms and confirm the effects in humans.

Periodontitis is caused by oral flora imbalance, which leads to immune imbalance. Porphyromonas gin-givalis is a keystone pathogen in periodontitis, causing the blooming of inflammophilic microbes, and becoming dormant to resist antibiotics. Targeted interventions are needed to destroy this pathogen and collapse its inflammophilic flora. Therefore, a targeting nanoagent antibody-conjugated liposomal drug carrier with ginsenoside Rh2 (A-L-R) was developed for pleiotropic benefits. A-L-R showed high quality in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and transmission electron microscope (TEM) detection. Only P. gingivalis was influenced by A-L-R, as shown by live/dead cell staining and a series of antimicrobial effects assays. With fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) staining and in propidium monoazide-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PMA-qPCR), the clearance of P. gingivalis by A-L-R was more than for other groups, and only the proportion of P. gingivalis was re-duced by A-L-R in monospecies culture. Moreover, in a periodontitis model, A-L-R targeted P. gingivalis with high efficiency and low toxicity, maintaining homeostasis with a relatively stable oral microflora. This targeting nanomedicine offers new strategies for periodontitis therapy, providing a foundation for the prevention and treatment of periodontitis. (c) 2023 Elsevier Ltd and International Society of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. All rights reserved.