Electrochemical preparation of binary alloy of Cu-Ni from acid sulphate bath containing citric acid using Potentiostatic method. The effects of alloy composition were monitored. Copper is widely used in industry, because of its good thermal conductivity and mechanical characteristics. The accumulation of Nickel & Manganese to Copper enhances itspotency, vigour, toughness, endurance, permanence&also the corrosion-resistanceas well asattrition. Corrosion controls of metal have technical environmental and economical importance. The Cu-Ni-Mn alloyswere used commercially for decorative and protective purpose and also in marine applications. The thin film coating characterized by SEM, EDAX and XRD shows morphological, compositional and structural properties of alloys respectively.

This novel research work addresses the physical properties of Lead titanate (PT), PbTiO3 sample with additives. The modification of this sample was carried out by adding calcium in proportion of 5 to 15mol%. The samples in bulk form were synthesized by utilizing traditional method of solid state synthesis. The properties like structural analysis, and grain size determination were studied for the PbTiO3 sample & for the calcium modified lead titanate (PCT). The phase identification, structural characterizations and microstructural analysis hasanalyzed in this manuscript.

[目的]评价水稻多基因型种群品种在云南不同稻区的抗病性和丰产性,为水稻多基因型种群品种在云南的推广应用提供科学依据.[方法]选用3个水稻多基因型种群品种(多集新6号、南八糯和尤群1号)在云南4个不同生态稻区(德宏、文山、红河和楚雄)开展田间抗病和稳产试验,以云南主栽优质高产品种红优7号为对照;选用3个水稻多基因型种群品种(多集新6号、南八糯和尤群1号)和4个云南主栽水稻品种(红优7号、宜香优2115、云粳29号和凤稻23)进行室内抗瘟性评价及抗瘟基因型鉴定,以丽江新团黑谷为感病对照.[结果]田间病害调查结果表明,南八糯在文山稻区、尤群1号在德宏稻区、多集新6号在文山稻区的穗颈瘟病情指数分别为5.73、9.80和8.33,均为中等发生,在其余稻区均为轻发生或不发生;尤群1号和多集新6号在楚雄稻区的稻曲病病情指数分别为10.21和10.60,为偏重发生,在文山稻区的白叶枯病情指数分别为7.20和5.52,为中等发生,在其他稻区均为轻发生或不发生.农艺性状调查结果表明,3个水稻多基因型种群品种的全生育期为137～178 d;株高变异系数(3.10％～6.91％)较低,群体整齐度较好.产量测定结果表明,多基因种群品种在红河(籼粳混栽区)和德宏(籼稻区)的产量高于或显著(P<0.05)高于文山(籼稻区)和楚雄(粳稻区);与对照品种相比,多基因型种群品种的产量高于对照或与对照相当.室内抗瘟性评价及抗瘟基因型鉴定结果表明,多基因型种群品种与云南主栽品种相比含有较多的主效抗性基因.[结论]水稻多基因型种群品种对稻瘟病、白叶枯病和稻曲病的抗性较好,农艺性状一致,具有一定的丰产潜力,在云南具有良好的适应性和稳定性.

Nature Protocols introduced a new method of RNA-seq data processing with HISAT, StringTie and Ballgown, all of which are open-source software. HISAT aligns RNA reads to the genome; StringTie assembles the transcripts and computes their abundance, while Ballgown identifies differentially expressed genes and transcripts between samples. The software contained in these methods are flexible, accurate and efficient, making them convenient for researchers to use PC to analyze transcriptome data. The method provides a new way for RNA-seq from raw data reading to different expressions. The Cf gene is effective in resisting tomato leaf mold disease caused by Cladosporium fulvum. The C. fulvum-resistant tomato cultivars introduce Cf resistant genes identified from wild Solanum species. The C. fulvum pathogen has many physiological races, and newer physiological races have continued to evolve. Different from Cf genes such as Cf-2, Cf-4, Cf-5, and Cf-9, no C. fulvum physiological races virulent to Cf-12 carrying tomato lines have been identified. In order to better understand the molecular mechanisms involved in the Cf-12 gene resistance to C. fulvum, Hisat, StringTie and Ballgown were used to analyze the transcriptome changes at three different time stages of C. fulvum infection: 0 dpi (Cf12_A), 4 dpi (Cf12_B), and 8 dpi (Cf12_C). A total of 6446 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between 4 and 0 dpi, and 7322 DEGs between 8 and 0 dpi were identified. Through GO and KEGG analysis, these DEGs were significantly highly enriched in plant-pathogen interaction pathway and plant disease resistance-related pathway, indicating that these DEGs play important roles in C. fulvum defense response. GO analysis for the up-regulated genes showed that 25 terms were significantly regulated. Biological process categories such as salicylic acid metabolic pathway, and biosynthetic pathways for jasmonic acid and salicylic acid were highly enriched. Through KEGG pathway enrich analysis of the up-regulation, many up-regulated and DEGs were enriched in plant-pathogen interaction pathways and disease resistance-related pathways. These results indicate the resistance of Cf-12 tomato. We found 15 pathogenesis-related genes and 18 resistance protein genes in the DEGs. This study used novel methods and large data analysis theory to explore the mechanism of disease resistance of Cf-12 tomato, and it provides new insight on the molecular mechanism of Cf resistance to C. fulvum. (C) 2018 Friends Science Publishers

The growth of TiO2 films by plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition using Star-Ti as a precursor has been systematically studied. The conversion from amorphous to crystalline TiO2 was observed either during high temperature growth or annealing process of the films. The refractive index and bandgap of TiO2 films changed with the growth and annealing temperatures. The optimization of the annealing conditions for TiO2 films was also done by morphology and density studies.