Objective:This study investigated the influence of rest intolerance on physical exercise levels among university students. It examined the independent mediating roles of exercise adherence and psychological resilience, as well as their serial mediation through exercise motivation. Methods:A survey was administered to 24,979 university students from 155 institutions across 17 provinces in China. The survey included the Rest Intolerance Scale-8 (RIS-8), Exercise Adherence Scale, Adolescent Psychological Resilience Scale, Exercise Motivation Profile for Physical Activity (MPAM-R), and Physical Activity Rating Scale (PARS-3). Data were analysed using SPSS 27.0 with the PROCESS macro, employing 5,000 bias-corrected bootstrap resamples to test mediation effects. Results:Correlation analysis revealed that rest intolerance exhibited significant positive correlations with exercise adherence (r = 0.059) and exercise motivation (r = 0.006), whilst showing significant negative correlations with physical exercise (r = -0.016) and psychological resilience (r = -0.196). Exercise adherence, psychological resilience, and exercise motivation all demonstrated significant positive correlations with physical exercise. Logistic regression analysis indicated that rest intolerance significantly reduced the likelihood of achieving higher exercise levels (moderate vs. low: OR = 0.992; high vs. low: OR = 0.987). Exercise adherence emerged as the strongest predictor (OR = 1.126-1.247), whilst psychological resilience exhibited inconsistent minor association across exercise level comparisons. Gender, year group, and BMI also significantly influenced the attainment of exercise levels. Mediation analysis revealed that rest intolerance had no significant total association on physical exercise (Effect = -0.021), yet exhibited a significant direct negative association (β = -0.063, p < 0.001), demonstrating a classic suppression effect. Exercise adherence produced a significant positive mediation effect (Effect = 0.066), while psychological resilience alone showed no significant mediation. Both chain mediations were significant but directionally opposite: 'rest intolerance → exercise adherence → exercise motivation → physical exercise' exhibited negative chain mediation (Effect = -0.020); 'rest intolerance → psychological resilience → exercise motivation → physical exercise' exhibited positive chain mediation (Effect = 0.003). The total indirect effect was significant (Effect = 0.042). Conclusion:Rest intolerance exerts a direct inhibitory association on physical exercise, yet its indirect pathways exhibit dual-directional influences through 'behavioural persistence promotion' and 'motivation depletion inhibition', thereby obscuring the overall association. Exercise adherence serves as the most critical positive mediator, while diminished motivation quality constitutes a negative chain mechanism. Interventions targeting university students with high rest intolerance must concurrently guide healthy persistence strategies and enhance motivational autonomy alongside psychological resources.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of mobile phone addiction campus-based physical activity among college students, examining the mediating role of rest intolerance and the moderating role of psychological resilience. A stratified cluster sampling method was employed to conduct a questionnaire survey among 24,345 college students. Measurements were taken using the Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale (MPATS), the Rest Intolerance Scale (RIS-8), the Adolescent Psychological Resilience Scale, and the Physical Activity Rating Scale (PARS-3). Data analysis was conducted through SPSS 27.0 and the Process macro plugin, and a bias-corrected Bootstrap method was used for 5,000 repeated samplings to test the moderated mediation model. Mobile phone addiction showed a significant negative predictive effect on campus-based physical activity (β = -0.288, p < 0.05). Rest intolerance emerged as a significant partial mediating role between mobile phone addiction and campus-based physical activity, with a mediation effect value of 0.203(95

OBJECTIVE:This study aims to investigate the mechanism by which exercise adherence influences psychological resilience through the chain mediating effects of health literacy and emotional management skills, as well as to explore the moderating role of general self-efficacy in this pathway. METHOD:A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 9103 university students using questionnaire methodology. Variables including exercise adherence, health literacy, emotional management competence, psychological resilience, and general self-efficacy were analysed employing SPSS 26.0 and the PROCESS macro, to construct a chain mediation model. RESULTS:Exercise adherence not only directly enhances psychological resilience (β = 0.137, p < 0.001) but also generates an indirect effect through the serial pathway of "improving health literacy → enhancing emotional management competence" (β = 0.026, 95% CI [0.010, 0.043], excluding zero). Concurrently, general self-efficacy positively moderates the relationship between exercise adherence and health literacy (β = 0.033, p < 0.001), thereby amplifying this chain mediation effect. CONCLUSION:This research elucidates the mechanism through which exercise adherence influences psychological resilience via chain mediation pathways. The findings provide a robust theoretical underpinning for university mental health education initiatives along with practical guidance for physical activity promotion programmes.

This study examined the associations among physical exercise, sensory processing sensitivity, depression-happiness, relational energy, and flourishing in vocational college students, with a focus on the serial mediating roles of sensory processing sensitivity and depression-happiness and the moderating role of relational energy. Using a multistage sampling design, 11,388 vocational college students from mainland China were surveyed. Physical exercise did not show a significant direct positive association with flourishing, but did so indirectly through sensory processing sensitivity and depression-happiness. Relational energy significantly moderated the association between depression, happiness, and flourishing. After controlling for gender, grade, and BMI, physical exercise showed a significant negative direct association with flourishing. These findings suggest that the benefits of physical exercise for flourishing operate primarily through personality, emotional, and interpersonal pathways.

This study aims to explore the relationship between social support and exercise persistence among junior high school students. Furthermore, it introduces exercise self-efficacy and autonomous motivation as mediating variables to analyze the pathway through which social support influences exercise persistence in this population. A total of 4,294 junior high school students from 13 prefecture-level cities in Jiangsu Province were surveyed using the Social Support Scale, Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale, Autonomous Motivation Scale, and Exercise Persistence Scale. After data cleaning, 3,776 valid responses were retained, yielding a valid response rate of 83

As a dominant species in grassland degradation, Stellera chamaejasme is rich in various active components and can be used as a new plant-based pesticide and antifungal agent. However, few studies have investigated its antifungal effects on pathogenic fungi. This study investigated the inhibitory effects of extracts from the roots of S. chamaejasme on P. neglecta and analyzed the antifungal components preliminarily. The results revealed that the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (EC50) of S. chamaejasme on P. neglecta was 2.436 mg/mL. Optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that S. chamaejasme caused the cell membrane of P. neglecta to rupture and shrink. The contents of ergosterol and total lipids in the control group of P. neglecta were 1.64 and 1.42 times greater than those in the treatment group (2.436 mg/mL). In addition, the spores were stained, and the extracellular protein content of the treatment group was always greater than that of the control group, indicating that the integrity and permeability of the cell membrane were impaired. Moreover, the activities of Catalase (CAT), Peroxidase (POD), and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) in the control group of P. neglecta were 2.75, 3.27, and 5.21 times greater than those in the 60th group (2.436 mg/mL). These findings indicated that S. chamaejasme induced an oxidative stress response in P. neglecta, causing damage to the fungus. The activities of Polygalacturonase (PG) and Endo-beta-1,4-glucanase (EG) in the P. neglecta group were 2.12 and 2.08 times greater than those in the 60th group (2.436 mg/mL). Moreover, as the S. chamaejasme concentration increased, the relative expression levels of the five enzymes decreased. These findings indicate that S. chamaejasme can reduce the pathogenicity of P. neglecta. Moreover, twelve plant-derived pesticide components were identified via LC-MS analysis. Above all, S. chamaejasme, which is rich in various bioactive substances, inhibits the mycelial growth of P. neglecta, disrupts the mycelial morphology and structure, damages the cell membrane structure, and affects the activity of enzymes. Therefore, S. chamaejasme should be considered a potential plantderived fungicide.

PURPOSE:Based on the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) theory, this study examines how Health Literacy is associated with Satisfaction with Life among Chinese university students via Exercise Adherence and Rest Intolerance, from a combined perspective of linear models and machine learning. It aims to identify factors associated with university students' Satisfaction with Life within the context of "involution" (neijuan). METHODS:Data were collected via electronic questionnaires from 21,095 students across 104 Chinese universities using scales for Health Literacy (HLS-SF9), Exercise Adherence (EAS), Rest Intolerance (RIS-8), and Satisfaction with Life (SWLS). Analyses included correlation, regression, mediation tests, and machine learning algorithms (Random Forest, KNN, XGBoost) with SHAP and PDP for interpretability. RESULTS:Health Literacy (r = 0.371) and Exercise Adherence (r = 0.394) positively correlated with Life Satisfaction (p < 0.001), while Health Literacy negatively correlated with Rest Intolerance (r = -0.081). The total effect of Health Literacy on Life Satisfaction was 0.503 (95% CI: 0.485, 0.520), with a direct effect of 0.334 (95% CI: 0.316, 0.352). Exercise Adherence mediated the relationship (effect = 0.172). XGBoost performed best (R2 = 0.288); SHAP identified Exercise Adherence (32.6%), Health Literacy (25.4%), and Rest Intolerance (24.9%) as key predictors. PDP revealed nonlinear relationships for all three variables. CONCLUSION:Health Literacy is directly and indirectly associated with Satisfaction with Life. The positive predictive role of Rest Intolerance suggests performative pressures within involution, highlighting the need for universities to guide students toward a balanced view of health and rest, to prevent health behaviours from becoming tools for competition.

Frequent forest fires cause serious damage to ecosystems and socioeconomic systems, increasing the importance of fire prevention and risk assessment. Forest fuel is a fundamental determinant of forest fire behavior and a key component of fire risk management. However, a systematic synthesis of its global research evolution and emerging scientific challenges remains relatively insufficient. On the basis of 1257 publications retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (2010-2025) with the themes of "wildfire fuel" and "forest fuel," this study employed CiteSpace for bibliometric analysis to systematically investigate research trends, collaboration patterns, and thematic evolution. The results show that forest fuel research has exhibited sustained growth overall, with notable peaks in 2016 and 2020, and reaching a historical high in 2023. The United States dominated both in publication output and institutional collaboration networks, forming a core research cluster together with Australia and Canada. Keyword co-occurrence and burst analyses revealed a shift in research hotspots-from early focus on forest fuel models and risk assessment at the wild-urban interface (WUI)-toward concerns about climate-change-driven fire seasonality, fuel moisture dynamics, and emergency response issues, reflecting the growing influence of climate change on wildfire patterns. Notably, this study identified several critical research gaps, including limitations in cross-regional integration of fuel moisture studies, insufficient attention to ignition prevention in WUI residential settings, and a lack of reproducible, open bibliometric workflows. By systematically mapping the knowledge structure and evolutionary trajectory of forest fuel research, this study provides a globally informed knowledge framework for the future advancement of forest fuel science and its deeper integration with forest fire management and policy making.

In recent years, microbial biofertilizer has been widely applied as a crucial tool for enhancing soil fertility, promoting plant growth, and increasing crop yields and plays an increasingly prominent role in sustainable agricultural practices. The microbial communities in microbial biofertilizers modulate the efficiency of the composting process and the quality of the final product via diverse ecological functions, including organic matter degradation, nitrogen cycling, and carbon fixation. However, the dynamic shifts in microbial communities during composting and their intricate interactions with environmental factors remain insufficiently investigated. This study aimed to assess the dynamic shifts and diversity profiles of bacterial communities during the composting of microbial biofertilizers. The abundance, diversity, and community structural dynamics of bacteria across distinct composting stages were analyzed using PCR-DGGE and Illumina MiSeq sequencing technologies. The compositional variations in bacterial communities across different composting stages were compared using alpha diversity indices (e.g., Chao1, Shannon, Simpson), beta diversity analysis, and principal coordinate analysis (PCoA). The composting feedstocks included cow manure, straw, and a liquid inoculant of Bacillus sphaericus thermophilus (a thermophilic spherical urea-degrading bacillus). These materials were mixed at a specific ratio and subjected to aerobic composting. Samples were collected on days 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 of composting (designated groups S1 to S5) to characterize the temporal succession dynamics of the microbial communities. The results demonstrated that the number of bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) changed significantly over the composting period: the S1 group exhibited the highest OTU richness, while the S5 group had the lowest. Additionally, across different composting stages, the phylum Firmicutes dominated the initial phase but gradually decreased in relative abundance, whereas the abundance of phyla such as Proteobacteria progressively increased in the later stages. Taxonomic analysis revealed that Ureibacillus thermophilus was relatively abundant during the early composting stage, whereas the abundance of Sporosarcina and Sphaerobacter peaked during the middle stage. In contrast, the abundance of genera such as Taibaiella increased during the late composting stage. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) further revealed that bacterial communities differed significantly between samples from distinct composting stages. Microbial co-occurrence network analysis revealed that the microbial community exhibited small-world and modular properties during composting. The 17 identified keystone genera were primarily affiliated with five phyla, including Proteobacteria. Despite their low relative abundances, these keystone genera may play potentially critical roles in mediating the composting process. This study offers novel insights into the succession of microbial communities during composting and further elucidates the associations between shifts in microbial community diversity, composting efficiency, and the quality of the final compost product. The findings of this study provide a theoretical foundation for optimizing composting processes and enhancing composting efficiency while also offering valuable insights for the application and development of microbial inoculants. Future research may further investigate the specific contributions of distinct functional microbial taxa to the composting process, as well as strategies for optimizing microbial community assembly via environmental modulation to enhance composting performance and end-product quality.

Objective:This study investigates the associative mechanism between health literacy and life satisfaction among university students in China, specifically examining the chain mediation pathway involving persistent exercise and emotional management ability. Health Literacy is understood as the capacity of an individual to access, comprehend, appraise, and utilize relevant health information to promote and maintain well-being proactively. Complementing this is the concept of Life Satisfaction, which denotes an individual's subjective assessment of their overall circumstances and quality of life. Furthermore, Persistent Exercise refers to the sustained and regular engagement in physical activity necessary for long-term physical conditioning. Finally, Emotional Management Ability-often framed as emotional intelligence-is the aptitude for an individual to effectively recognize, understand, modulate, and appropriately deploy their affective states. It explores the chain-mediated roles of persistent exercise and emotional management ability. Considering persistent exercise as a behavioral factor and emotional management ability as a psychological factor, this research aims to provide a theoretical basis for enhancing the quality of life of university students by investigating the chain-mediated effects of these factors. Methods:This research constitutes a cross-sectional investigation. Data collection was standardized across administrative classes in September 2024, facilitated through the Wenjuanxing survey platform. A multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was employed to select 16,395 university students across five provinces in China. The sample size was determined through proportionate allocation, benchmarked against the total national population of university students. A minimum sample size of 45 participants was required for each stratum-subgroups defined by gender and academic year/grade level-to achieve the necessary statistical power for the analysis. Measurements were operationalized using the Health Literacy Scale (HLS-SF9), the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), a scale for measuring exercise adherence, and the Emotional Intelligence Scale (EIS). Statistical analyses were conducted utilizing SPSS Version 26.0, the PROCESS macro (Version 4.2), Microsoft Excel, and MATLAB. The methods employed included descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and regression analysis. Results:Health literacy was significantly positively correlated with life satisfaction (β = 0.184, p < 0.001). Persistent exercise and emotional management ability appeared to act as chain mediators in the relationship between health literacy and life satisfaction, with a total effect of 0.506 (95% CI [0.486, 0.525]), a total direct effect of 0.183 (95% CI [0.164, 0.203]), and a total indirect effect of 0.322 (95% CI [0.306, 0.338]). Specifically, health literacy demonstrated a positive association with life satisfaction (β = 0.090, p < 0.001; β = 0.520, p < 0.001), as it both enhanced persistent exercise (β = 0.952, p < 0.001) and improved emotional management ability (β = 0.277, p < 0.001). The chain-mediated pathway "Health literacy → Persistent exercise → Emotional management ability → Life satisfaction" had an effect of 0.092 (95% CI [0.085, 0.099]). Conclusion:This study revealed a significant association between health literacy and life satisfaction among Chinese university students. Furthermore, persistent exercise and emotional management ability were found to be potentially associated with both life satisfaction and health literacy, suggesting possible indirect pathways.

Lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.) has a weak root system and limited nutrient acquisition capacity. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can promote plant growth by regulating rhizosphere nutrient cycling and host metabolism, but the underlying mechanisms in Ericaceae remain unclear. In this study, the strain Microbacterium sp. Y107 was isolated from the rhizosphere of lingonberry. Using growth-promoting assays (with 9 independent biological replicates, each consisting of 3 plants per bottle as the experimental unit, an inoculum density of OD600 = 1.0, a cultivation period of 60 days, and whole-plant harvesting), GC–MS-based metabolite analysis, axenic coculture, analyses of the rhizosphere environment and gene expression, transcriptome sequencing (3 biological replicates per treatment), and qRT–PCR validation, we systematically evaluated the effects of strain Y107 on lingonberry growth, rhizosphere conditions, and host gene expression. CK (control) plants were defined as those inoculated with sterile LB liquid medium. Pearson correlation analysis was also used to assess the relationships among plant growth, soil traits, and physiological indices. Compared with the CK treatment, strain Y107 significantly promoted lingonberry growth (p < 0.05), increasing the fresh weight of the roots by 157.65% and the whole-plant fresh weight by 33.85%, respectively, and increasing peroxidase (POD) activity by 61.11%, while reducing the contents of reducing sugars and proline. Strain Y107 stably colonized the lingonberry root surface and formed biofilms. Y107 treatment resulted in detectable levels of soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, indicating successful microbial colonization. The ammonium nitrogen content significantly increased, increasing nitrogen availability and promoting root nutrient uptake. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the expression of genes enriched in photosynthesis-related pathways, as well as those involved in carbon and nitrogen metabolism and redox regulation, was altered in strain Y107, which upregulated key photosynthesis-related genes such as psbP and ndhU and significantly enriched the cytosolic ribosomal large subunit gene set in a negative direction. Correlation analysis further revealed that strain Y107 optimized the association between lingonberry growth and soil nutrients. Overall, strain Y107 promoted lingonberry growth through stable colonization, enhanced nutrient cycling, promoted lingonberry growth, and altered the expression patterns of genes involved in photosynthesis-related pathways.

Physical activity is associated with better adolescent mental health, but the psychosocial processes linking activity with perceived stress remain unclear. This cross-sectional study examined indirect associations through psychological resilience and stressful life-event impact among 1,200 secondary school students in Nantong, China. Physical activity, resilience, life-event impact, and perceived stress were assessed using established self-report scales. Ordinary least-squares regression and percentile bootstrapping with 10,000 resamples were used to estimate a theory-guided serial indirect-effect model. Higher physical activity was associated with greater resilience (standardized β = 0.214, p < 0.001) and lower perceived stress (total association β = -0.124, p < 0.001). Resilience was inversely associated with life-event impact (β = -0.145, p < 0.001) and perceived stress (β = -0.143, p < 0.001), whereas life-event impact was positively associated with perceived stress (β = 0.118, p < 0.001). The resilience-only indirect association was detectable, the life-event-only pathway was not, and the small serial pathway was less robust in sensitivity analysis. Resilience was therefore the most consistent explanatory correlate. Cross-sectional self-report data preclude causal interpretation.

Ledum palustre (L. palustre) is widely used in drug development because of its antibacterial and analgesic effects. However, wild L. palustre is often affected by wildfires, resulting in unstable yields. Forest fires represent a major disturbance in northern forest ecosystems and profoundly affect shrub vegetation and its associated rhizosphere microbial communities. In this study, we investigated a fire chronosequence (1991, 2004, 2012, 2017, and 2020) to systematically examine the morphological traits of L. palustre, rhizosphere soil physicochemical properties, and microbial community characteristics and to identify the key drivers underlying these patterns. The results revealed that postfire recovery time significantly influenced the morphological traits of L. palustre. The biomass, branch number, basal diameter, and plant height of the shrubs at the 1991 burned site increased by 270.49%, 36.11%, 79.32%, and 191.36%, respectively (p < 0.05). From unburned soils, 29 bacterial and 29 fungal isolates were obtained, with Bacillus sp. and Oidiodendron sp. being the dominant culturable bacterial and fungal taxa, respectively. With increasing postfire recovery time, soil moisture, total nitrogen, ammonium, nitrate, soil organic carbon, acid phosphatase (AP) and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) activity significantly decreased. Early fire disturbance markedly altered soil microbial abundance and community composition, leading to an overall decrease in bacterial α diversity. The bacterial community structure at the 2020 burn site and the fungal community structure at the 2012 burn site significantly differed. Mantel tests revealed significant positive correlations between branch number and basal diameter (p < 0.01) and significant negative correlations between plant height and stem density (p < 0.001). Soil carbon and hydrolysable nitrogen were significantly positively correlated with AP and NAG activities (p < 0.001). Moreover, soil physicochemical properties significantly shaped soil microbial community structures, with bacterial communities in early postfire sites driven by total carbon and nitrogen (p < 0.05), whereas fungal communities in the 2012 burned site were influenced primarily by β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (BG) activity (p < 0.05). Fire disturbance drives successional changes in the rhizosphere microbial community structure and function by altering the soil nutrient status and enzyme activity, which in turn influences the morphological traits of L. palustre. This study provides a theoretical basis for improving the yield of L. palustre by exploring the variation in rhizosphere microorganisms.

OBJECTIVE:The study aims to examine the impact of physical exercise on sleep quality among college students and elucidate the mediating roles of self-efficacy and emotional control in this relationship. METHODS:Data were obtained from the 2024 China College Students' Physical Activity and Health Tracking Survey (CPAHLS-CS). A sample of 10,970 college students was included. Physical exercise levels were measured using the Physical Activity Rating Scale-3 (PARS-3), sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), self-efficacy was measured using the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), and emotional control was assessed using the Adolescent Psychological Resilience Scale. Regression analysis and Bootstrap mediation analysis were employed to test the hypothesised relationships. RESULTS:(1) The direct effect of physical exercise on sleep quality was not significant (β = 0.011, P > 0.05). However, the total effect was negative (β = -0.056, P < 0.001), indicating that indirect effects comprised the predominant mechanism. (2) Self-efficacy (effect size = -0.024) and emotional control (effect size = -0.022) each independently mediated the relationship between physical exercise and sleep quality. (3) In the pathway through which physical exercise influences sleep quality, self-efficacy, and emotional control functioned as independent mediating variables. Specifically, physical exercise indirectly improved sleep quality by enhancing self-efficacy while positively impacting sleep quality through a distinct mediating mechanism involving strengthening emotional control. CONCLUSIONS:This study demonstrates the influence of physical exercise, self-efficacy, and emotional control on sleep quality. The findings suggest that physical exercise indirectly optimises sleep quality through a dynamic and synergistic mechanism involving the enhancement of self-efficacy and emotional control. This study provides theoretical support and practical pathways for sleep quality interventions in college students.

This cross-sectional study aimed to identify high-risk influencing factors associated with higher odds of physical inactivity among Chinese university students using data from the CPAHLS-CS. It further explored gender differences in these associations to provide evidence for developing differentiated intervention strategies. This cross-sectional study aimed to identify factors associated with IPAQ-derived low physical activity (LPA) among Chinese university students using data from the CPAHLS-CS and to examine whether these associations differed by gender. A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among 35,696 university students from general higher education institutions across China in 2024 using stratified cluster sampling. The questionnaire was utilized to assess the students’ PA levels and collect data on demographic, psychological, behavioral, and health indicators. PA level was classified into low, moderate, and high categories according to the IPAQ scoring protocol. For binary logistic regression, LPA was used as the outcome variable, with LPA coded as 1 and moderate/high PA coded as 0. Chi-square tests, Spearman correlation analysis, sex-stratified binary logistic regression, and pooled logistic regression models with gender-by-predictor interaction terms were used to examine factors associated with physical inactivity and to formally test whether these associations differed by gender. The overall prevalence of IPAQ-derived LPA was 68.48

Lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.) is an understory shrub esteemed for its unique ecological functions and economic value within the forests of northern China. Soil microbial consortia can improve soil quality and increase plant growth through synergistic interactions among microbial species. However, the tripartite interactions among soil microbial communities, lingonberry, and soil remain poorly understood. This study analyzed the structure and characteristics of rhizospheric fungal communities in lingonberry, isolated and verified mycorrhizal fungi that can promote lingonberry growth, and evaluated the effects of their combined application. The results revealed that soil pH, organic carbon (SOC), water content, and altitude significantly influenced fungal diversity. A beneficial fungal consortium consisting of the strains Arachnopeziza aurata and Oidiodendron maius significantly increased plant height, plant weight, SOC, soil NH4+-N, and soil NO3−-N and the expression of growth-related genes (VvmatK and VvPsbA) in lingonberries. In vitro interaction assays demonstrated that the interaction between A. aurata and O. maius improved mycelial growth quality and increased extracellular enzyme activity. Overall, this study demonstrated that a beneficial fungal consortium can activate positive plant–microbe feedback that concomitantly enhances soil fertility and lingonberry productivity, thereby providing a microbe-assisted strategy for understory vegetation management and soil health restoration.

ObjectiveTo explore the key predictors of physical activity (PA) levels of Chinese university students, and to analyse the predictive roles of different variables and their relative importance by means of the Random Forest (RF) algorithm.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted using a stratified whole-group sampling method, covering 17 provinces of the country and collecting 10,182 valid questionnaires. Assessment of PA levels using the Physical Activity Rating Scale-3 (PARS-3) divides participants into attainment and non-attainment groups. The independent variables encompass the individual and interpersonal organisational levels of the socio-ecological model (SEM), comprising a total of 39 variables. These variables include demographic characteristics, psycho-behavioural factors, and social support, which were measured using several standardised scales. Feature importance analysis was performed using the Random Forest algorithm, and the model parameters were optimised with a grid search and 5-fold cross-validation to identify the most significant factors predicting PA.ResultsThe RF model had an accuracy of 0.704 and an AUC value of 0.762. Characteristic importance analysis revealed that exercise adherence (exercise behaviour), sex, exercise adherence (effort investment), mastery of sports skills, exercise motivation (ability), alcohol consumption level, exercise adherence [emotional experience, exercise motivation (social), and exercise motivation (fun) ranked as the top nine predictive factors]. Specifically, all sub-dimensions of exercise adherence (exercise behaviour) positively predict PA (SHAP values > 0); sex, males are more likely than females to meet the standard group criteria (OR > 1, p < 0.001); mastery of sports skills correlates positively with PA levels; and among alcohol consumption level, ‘occasional drinking’ shows a negative correlation with the standard attainment rate (p < 0.001).ConclusionExercise adherence, sex, mastery of sports skills, and alcohol consumption level are significant factors predicting PA levels among Chinese university students. Recommendations for promoting PA include enhancing the “emotional value” and social attributes of exercise, addressing female students’ willingness to participate, and improving physical capabilities through skills training to effectively elevate activity levels.

This study aims to understand the status of depression and anxiety among Chinese university students through epidemiological investigation of a large sample size and provide a foundation for identifying individuals at risk of psychological crisis and developing targeted intervention strategies. Survey participants were selected using a multi-stage sampling approach, which incorporated elements of stratification and cluster sampling. The main participants consisted of 49,717 university students from 106 Chinese universities. Self-report questionnaires were used to assess depression and anxiety levels retrospectively. Of the 49,717 questionnaires collected, 41,620 were deemed valid after a rigorous data cleaning process, resulting in a validity rate of 83.7

OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to examine the influence of physical exercise (PE) on emotional management ability (EMA) among college students and to investigate the mediating roles of exercise adherence (EA) and psychological resilience (PR) in the relationship between PE and EMA. METHOD:Demographic information was collected using stratified, cluster, and multi-stage sampling methods. Data on PE, EA, PR, and EMA were collected from college students via the Wenjuanxing platform, resulting in a final sample of 11,388 valid questionnaires. RESULTS:Significant positive correlations were found between PE and EMA (r = 0.164, P < 0.01), PE and EA (r = 0.452, P < 0.01), and PE and PR (r = 0.201, P < 0.01). Significant positive correlations were also observed between EA and PR (r = 0.329, P < 0.01), and EA and EMA (r = 0.478, P < 0.01). PR was significantly positively correlated with EMA (r = 0.411, P < 0.01). PE significantly negatively predicted EMA (β = -0.009, P < 0.001). EA mediated the relationship between PE and EMA (95% CI: [0.039, 0.045]). PR also mediated the relationship between PE and EMA (95% CI: [0.001, 0.004]). A serial mediation effect of EA and PR was found in the relationship between PE and EMA (95% CI: [0.008, 0.010]). CONCLUSION:This study reveals the impact of PE, EA, and PR on EMA. The findings suggest that enhancing PE participation, improving EA, and increasing PR can improve EMA among college students.

Based on the Health Action Process Approach theory, this study aims to explore how health literacy influences exercise adherence among Chinese university students. It focuses on examining the chain mediating effects of emotional management ability and life satisfaction. This study used a stratified, cluster, and phased sampling approach to gather demographic information. Data were collected through the Wenjuanxing platform. The survey gathered information on health literacy, emotional management ability, life satisfaction, and exercise adherence among university students. A total of 11,272 valid questionnaires were collected. Health literacy directly predicted exercise adherence positively (β = 0.618, P < 0.001). Emotional management Ability (effect size = 0.281, 95