在POMELAD项目(聚烯烃热熔黏合纤维和纱的开发及其在纺织领域中的应用)中,将不同聚烯烃与熔限宽的材料共混,研究了共混物的特性、成纤性及热熔黏合性能,并对实现其在纺织领域的应用(如毛皮纤维、起绒织物、地毯底布、二次地毯底布、块式地毯和纱布等对材料的结构衔接有很高要求的应用)进行了研究.由于聚烯烃热熔纤维具有热黏合行为,对该材料制成的热固定筛网、绒类织物进行的研究证实其结构结合度很高.聚烯烃纤维与普通棉纤维混合制得的缝纫线具有很高的线缝强度.

In the European project POMELAD ( Development of Polyolefin melt adhesion fibers and yarns and imple- mentation into textile applications) the properties of polyolefin fibers and yarns and their mehing and bond- ing behavior are analyzed. Furthermore, the implementation into various textile applications will be investi- gated. Polyolefins are partially crystalline thennoplasts which belong to the group of easily melting materials.

The photocatalytic activity of commercial P25 and mesoporous titania, synthesized following the Evaporation Induced Self Assembly procedure (EISA), is studied in aqueous and gaseous environment. In aqueous environment, the activity of mesoporous titania is inferior to the activity of P25 due to retarded diffusion kinetics. On the other hand, in gaseous environment, diffusion in the mesoporous channels is less restricted resulting in a better photocatalytic activity for mesoporous titania in comparison to P25.

A multistep deposition of anatase nanoparticles was employed to incorporate high amounts of titania into the mesopores of SBA-15. Anatase nanoparticles were synthesized and deposited following the Acid Catalyzed Sol Gel method. With this method, the size of the anatase nanoparticles can be controlled and therefore, the titania loading into the mesopores of SBA-15 can be controlled. Through multistep deposition of anatase nanoparticles, a further increase of titania loading into the mesoporous channels can be obtained. For the degradation of Rhodamine-6G, the samples synthesized by multistep deposition showed an enhanced photocatalytic activity.

Electrospinning is a recently rediscovered method to produce non-woven nanowebs of which the individual polymer fibres have diameters of 50–500 nm. Applications require specific functionalities to be present at the surface. The use of additives in the electrospun solution provides an elegant alternative to functionalised polymers. This study has focused on the use of the static secondary ion mass spectrometry (S-SIMS) to characterise the surface composition of nanofibres electrospun from acetone solutions containing 15% (w/w) of poly(ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL, molecular weight 40,000) and 0–15 mol% (relative to PCL) cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). Specifically, the calibration of the relative signal intensities of structural ions from PCL and CTAB as a function of the local concentrations requires adequate reference samples to be prepared. In general, this step becomes a major bottleneck in nanoscale analysis. A relatively simple method using a combination of spincoating and hand barcoating of solutions has been developed. Its applicability and limitations for monitoring the surface enrichment of CTAB in PCL nanowebs are discussed.

The development of novel PP textiles requires materials of which the surface has well defined hydrophilic properties, for instance, by the use of additives before extrusion and drawing. The feasibility of static secondary ion mass spectrometry (S-SIMS) to provide detailed information on the molecular surface composition of materials in the form of 30 μm thick films has been explored. Extensive charge build-up during S-SIMS analysis prevents direct characterisation of such materials. Several methods have been used to circumvent the problem. Specifically, deposition of gold over the entire surface and pressing a slot grid into the material allow the commercial hydrophilic additive in PP to be detected. While the slot grid preserves the pristine surface composition, mass spectra from gold-coated samples reflect the occurrence of redistribution artefacts.

Time-of-Flight (TOF) static secondary ion mass spectrometry (S-SIMS) was used to gain molecular information on the surface modifications introduced by plasma treatment of polypropylene (PP) films. A procedure using slotted electron microscopy grids was developed to deal with the charge build-up of samples with a thickness of about 30μm. The surface composition was studied as a function of the plasma treatment time. A comparison of the mass spectra from untreated and treated PP showed significant differences of signal intensities of ions that could be specifically related to the presence of oxygen-containing species.

Electrospinning (ES) uses the injection of a polymer solution in an electrical field to produce non-woven nanowebs of polymer fibres with diameters of 50–500nm. The use of functionalised polymers or additives allows the surface composition of the nanostructured material to be tuned as a function of the application. Determination of the molecular composition in the outer monolayer at the surface of such nanoscale objects is an analytical challenge. This paper reports on the possibilities and limitations in the use of S-SIMS for the qualitative and quantitative characterisation of molecular components in nanofibres prepared from polycaprolactone (PCL) with and without cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). Specifically, attention is given to the quality of the mass spectra in terms of mass resolution and mass accuracy, the detection of surface enrichment and the possibilities of imaging.

The viability of static secondary ion mass spectrometry (S-SIMS) for selected applications of nanoscale analysis has been investigated, focusing on nanofibres produced by electrospinning (ES) as a test case. The samples consist of non-woven nanowebs of which the individual fibres have diameters in the range of 100 nm. Use of solutions with functionalised polymers or polar additives potentially allows the surface composition to be tailored as a function of the application. So far nanowebs are primarily characterised by morphological examination. This paper describes the first detailed characterisation of molecular composition at the surface of nanofibres electrospun from poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) solutions in acetone containing 0-15 mol% (relative to PCL) of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). Application of S-SIMS to nanowebs has allowed mass spectra to be recorded containing the major diagnostic ions of both components. Their relative intensities point to surface enrichment and depletion of the polar CTAB additive relative to the PCL matrix for samples electrospun from solution containing low and high CTAB concentrations, respectively.

The last decade, polymer scientists have witnessed an avalanche of interest in extending the application potential of controlled radical polymerisation methods. The reason for this must be sought in the potential of these polymerisation techniques to allow the synthesis of polymers with unique characteristics. Herein, we present a general overview of the most used controlled radical polymerisation methods. Moreover, in the specific case of atom transfer radical polymerisation reactions (ATRP) a deeper insight in the process governing parameters/reagents is provided. After describing both the main characteristics of a controlled radical polymerisation process and the possibilities of these methods for synthesising new polymer structures, we conclude with a brief overview of the opportunities and challenges of controlled radical polymerisation methods in (textile) coating applications.

Annals of the New York Academy of SciencesVolume 446, Issue 1 p. 199-212 Dextran and Inulin Derivatives of Procainamide ETIENNE SCHACHT, ETIENNE SCHACHT Laboratory of Organic Chemistry State University of Ghent Krijgslaan 281 (S-4) B-9000 Ghent, BelgiumSearch for more papers by this authorLUC RUYS, LUC RUYS Laboratory of Organic Chemistry State University of Ghent Krijgslaan 281 (S-4) B-9000 Ghent, BelgiumSearch for more papers by this authorJOAN VERMEERSCH, JOAN VERMEERSCH Laboratory of Organic Chemistry State University of Ghent Krijgslaan 281 (S-4) B-9000 Ghent, BelgiumSearch for more papers by this authorJEAN PAUL REMON, JEAN PAUL REMON Laboratory of Galenics and Pharmacognosy State University of Ghent Harelbekestraat 4 B-9000 Ghent, BelgiumSearch for more papers by this authorRUTH DUNCAN, RUTH DUNCAN Department of Biological Sciences Biochemistry Research Laboratory University of Keele Keele, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, United KingdomSearch for more papers by this author ETIENNE SCHACHT, ETIENNE SCHACHT Laboratory of Organic Chemistry State University of Ghent Krijgslaan 281 (S-4) B-9000 Ghent, BelgiumSearch for more papers by this authorLUC RUYS, LUC RUYS Laboratory of Organic Chemistry State University of Ghent Krijgslaan 281 (S-4) B-9000 Ghent, BelgiumSearch for more papers by this authorJOAN VERMEERSCH, JOAN VERMEERSCH Laboratory of Organic Chemistry State University of Ghent Krijgslaan 281 (S-4) B-9000 Ghent, BelgiumSearch for more papers by this authorJEAN PAUL REMON, JEAN PAUL REMON Laboratory of Galenics and Pharmacognosy State University of Ghent Harelbekestraat 4 B-9000 Ghent, BelgiumSearch for more papers by this authorRUTH DUNCAN, RUTH DUNCAN Department of Biological Sciences Biochemistry Research Laboratory University of Keele Keele, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, United KingdomSearch for more papers by this author First published: June 1985 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1985.tb18401.xCitations: 21AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Reference 1 Kim, S. W., R. Petersen & J. Feijen. 1980. Polymeric drug delivery systems. In Drug Design. E. Ariens, Ed. 10: 193–250. Academic Press, Inc. New York , N.Y. . 10.1016/B978-0-12-060310-7.50010-9 Google Scholar 2 Rjngsdorf, H. 1975. Structure and properties of pharmacologically active polymers. J. Polym. Sci. Symp. No. 51: 135–153. 10.1002/polc.5070510111 Google Scholar 3 Batz, H. 1977. Polymeric drugs. Adv. Polym. Sci. 23: 25–53. 10.1007/3-540-07943-2_6 CASGoogle Scholar 4 Donaruma, L. G. 1974. Synthetic biologically active polymers. Prog. Polym. Sci. 4: 1–25. 10.1016/0079-6700(75)90002-7 CASGoogle Scholar 5 Labrude, P. & C. Vigneron. 1975. Lyon Pharm. 26(6): 529–646. Google Scholar 6 Jeanes, A., W. C. Haynes, C. A. Williams, I. C. Rankin, E. H. Melvin, M. J. Austin, J. E. Cluskey, B. E. Fisher, H. N. Tsuchiya & C. E. Rist. 1954. J. Am. Chem. 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Low molecular weight derivatives of procainamide, with a terminal functional group have been prepared. The synthesis and characterization of the succinic half-amide respectively of N-(ω-amino alkanoyl)derivatives of the parent drug are reported.

Chemischer InformationsdienstVolume 15, Issue 46 Isocyclic Compounds ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF 4-(N-(2-(METHACRYLOYLOXY)ETHOXYCARBONYL))AMINO-N′-(2-(DIETHYLAMINO)ETHYL)BENZAMIDE; A NOVEL POLYMERIZABLE DERIVATIVE OF PROCAINAMIDE L. RUYS, L. RUYSSearch for more papers by this authorE. SCHACHT, E. SCHACHTSearch for more papers by this author L. RUYS, L. RUYSSearch for more papers by this authorE. SCHACHT, E. SCHACHTSearch for more papers by this author First published: November 13, 1984 https://doi.org/10.1002/chin.198446186AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume15, Issue46November 13, 1984 RelatedInformation