Abstract Phase angle (PhA) is a parameter obtained through electrical bioimpedance that can be used to indicate health, nutritional, and functional status in different populations. Vegans tend to have a higher percentage of body fat and lower muscle mass than omnivores, but it is unknown whether the PhA is different between these two groups. This study aims to compare the PhA and body composition of physically active omnivorous and vegan individuals. This cross-sectional study involved 30 exercisers (12 men and 18 women), divided into a vegan group (VG; n = 15) and an omnivore group (OG; n = 15), matched for sex (6 men and 9 women in each group), age, height, and body mass (maximum difference of 5%). Body composition was measured using a scale, a stadiometer, and octopolar bioimpedance. Right arm PhA was lower in vegans (p = 0.036; d = 0.805), omnivores consumed more protein/kg of body weight daily (p = 0.026; d = 0.856), and vegans consumed more fiber daily (p < 0.001; d = -1.610). There were no significant differences in other dietary intake and body composition parameters between vegans and omnivores. Similarities in PhA and body composition were observed between vegan and omnivorous individuals, but with lower right arm PhA in the VG.

PURPOSE:This study aimed to develop and validate Elastic Net-based predictive models using simple anthropometric measurements to estimate dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-derived body composition variables in older women. METHODS:Body mass, skinfolds, circumferences, and DXA measures of total and regional fat mass (FM) and lean soft tissue (LST) were obtained from 523 older women. Elastic Net regression developed models for total body, upper- and lower-limb FM and LST, and android and gynoid FM. The sample was split into training, validation, and independent testing sets. RESULTS:Elastic Net models demonstrated high predictive accuracy for DXA-derived body composition. Coefficients of determination were strong for total FM and LST (R² ≥ 0.884), and good for regional compartments (R²≥ 0.711). Root mean square errors were low across outcomes (0.272-1.858 kg). Bland-Altman analyses showed minimal mean bias for most variables, except for lower-limb FM and android FM, which presented small but significant biases (≤ 2.78 %). Proportional bias was identified in some models, although the explained variance remained low (≤22%). Limits of agreement were narrow for total body estimates (≤11.73%), while wider limits were observed for segmental measures. CONCLUSIONS:Elastic Net-based models provide accurate estimates of total body composition and acceptable estimates of regional compartments, although regional predictions showed greater individual variability than total body estimates. However, these prediction equations should be interpreted as internally validated models intended primarily for screening and research applications.

ABSTRACT Introduction Individuals with COPD can be classified according to their levels of physical activity (PA) and physical capacity (PC). The relationship between nutrition and body composition within these classifications remains unclear. Objectives To compare the body composition and food intake of people with COPD and verify the associations. Methods Cross-sectional exploratory analysis study in which body composition and food intake were assessed in individuals with COPD. Classification was based on six-minute walk test (PC) and accelerometry(PA): Quadrant “can do, don’t do” (I-preserved PC, low PA); quadrant “can do, do do” (II-preserved PC, preserved PA). Results 72 individuals with COPD, 39 in quadrant I and 33 in quadrant II, with mean ages of (69 ± 6) (67 ± 7), respectively. Group I had a higher proportion of males, whereas group II had a higher proportion of females. A positive trend in skeletal muscle mass (p=0.011) (B= 2.883) and a negative trend in basal metabolic rate (p=0.010) (B=-0.092) for group I. Conclusion Brazilians with COPD classified in quadrants I and II showed similar results in terms of body composition and food intake. A positive trend in skeletal muscle mass was observed for the group I. These findings align with the pathophysiological model of COPD, in which the preservation of muscle mass and adequate protein intake support functional capacity and the maintenance of higher physical activity levels.

Bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) and phase angle (PhA) are important for monitoring hydration, muscle function, and quality of life in older adults. Resistance training (RT) can counteract aging’s adverse effects on cellular integrity and function. This study compared the effects of RT volume reduction on BIVA and PhA in physically independent older women. Sixty-seven participants (>60 years) underwent a 20-week standardized whole-body RT program (eight exercises, three sets each, 8–12 repetitions, three non-consecutive days per week in the morning). They were then randomly assigned to one of the three eight-week training conditions following the training model described above: reduced volume to one set (RV1, n = 22), two sets (RV2, n = 24), or maintained volume (MV, n = 21). Bioimpedance spectroscopy measured total body water (TBW), intracellular (ICW), and extracellular (ECW) water, BIVA, and PhA based on resistance (R), impedance (Z), reactance (Xc), and height (H). All groups showed significant increases in TBW, ICW, and ECW during the volume reduction phase (P < 0.05). R, R/H, Z, and Z/H decreased across all groups, with significant changes from the pre-conditioning phase in the RV1 and RV2 groups (P < 0.05). Xc and Xc/H increased during the pre-conditioning phase across all groups and returned to baseline during the volume reduction phase (P < 0.05). PhA increased during the pre-conditioning and was maintained during the volume reduction phase (RV1 = +0.33°, RV2 = +0.50°, MV = +0.47°; P < 0.05). These results suggest that reducing RT volume by up to one-third can still improve PhA, BIVA, and hydration status in older women.

Background and Aims:Lifelong physical activity (PA) engagement has been linked with several health benefits, such as the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. However, longitudinal studies investigating the association of lifelong PA with quality of life (QoL) needs to be more explored in literature. Methods:We analyze the association of lifelong PA engagement with quality of life (QoL) ini = 842 community-dwelling adults (56.5 ± 18.3 years, 61.7% of women). PA engagement during childhood and adolescence was retrospectively assessed considering supervised sports practice outside the school for at least 1 year. Current PA was assessed by Baecke score, and classified as highly active (4th quartile) and less active (1st-3rd quartile). QoL were assessed through by the SF-36, and classified as high (4th quartile) and low (1st-3rd quartile) QoL for each domain. Multiple logistic regression models (adjusted by sex, age, socioeconomic status, and disabling chronic conditions) analyzed the association between lifelong PA engagement with QoL. Results:Participants who engaged in PA in childhood and those currently classified into the highest quartile of Baecke score were more likely to present high QoL in isolated statistical models. Specific combinations of PA engagement in childhood + adolescence, childhood + adulthood, and adolescence + adulthood were associated with high physical functioning (OR: 3.34; 3.39; and 2.82), vitality (OR: 2.63; 2.08; and 2.40). Clustering life stages of PA engagement showed an incremental association for high physical functioning (2 stages OR: 2.49; 3 stages OR: 5.53), general health status (2 stages OR: 2.09; 3 stages OR: 2.79), and mental health (1 stage OR: 1.42; 3 stages OR: 2.79). Conclusion:Lifelong PA engagement is positively associated with QoL in adults. Actions for QoL promotion should focus on adherence of PA practice at all life stages, but this specific sample profile limited the generalization of results.

Indroduction:Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) is a widely used method to assess body composition. Traditional BIA models use predictive equations without considering individual characteristics such as age, sex, and activity level. Classic Bioelectrical Impedance Vector Analysis (BIVA) standardizes raw BIA data by height, while specific BIVA (spBIVA) normalizes by body segment areas and lengths, offering a potentially more accurate assessment. With aging populations, there is growing interest in assessing age-related body composition changes - especially sarcopenia, characterized by reduced muscle mass and function. While BIVA is promising for such assessments, limited studies compare classic and specific BIVA approaches in older adults based on physical activity and muscle strength. Thus, the objective of the study is to compare classic and specific BIVA values in older adults according to their physical activity level and muscle strength. Methods:This cross-sectional study involved 187 community-dwelling older adults (143 women and 44 men, ≥60 years), recruited via public advertisements. Exclusion criteria included medical conditions affecting muscle mass. The Assessments included: Anthropometry (weight, height, BMI, waist, arm and calf circumferences); BIA (resistance - R, reactance - Xc, and phase angle - PhA), measured using a 50 kHz analyzer (classic BIVA was normalized by height and specific BIVA by segmental area/length using upper arm); physical activity (measured using the Baecke Habitual Physical Activity Questionnaire); muscle strength (measured by handgrip dynamometry, cut-off values <27 kg for men and <16 kg for women indicated low strength). For the statistical analyses, differences in BIVA parameters were evaluated using Hotelling's T2 test and Mahalanobis D distances (p < 0.05). Results:Men had significantly higher body weight, height, waist circumference, and handgrip strength (p < 0.05). Classic BIVA consistently showed higher values of R and Xc than specific BIVA (differences up to 30%). PhA was higher in men, especially due to lower resistance values. Among women, those with higher physical activity levels had significantly higher PhA, indicating better cellular health. Among men, no significant differences in PhA were observed between activity levels. For muscle strength, stronger men had higher PhA values and significant vector displacement in both models; women did not show significant differences by strength level. Discussion and Conclusion:Both classic and specific BIVA approaches identified differences in impedance parameters related to physical activity and strength. Classic BIVA tends to overestimate resistance and reactance due to height normalization, while specific BIVA, using body segments, may better reflect individual morphological characteristics.

OBJECTIVE:To compare the phase angle (PhA) values of injured and uninjured hemibodies in athletes (n = 138; 19.4 ± 5.3 y; 75.4 % men). METHODS:A 50 kHz, octopolar bioelectrical impedance analyzer (BIA) was used to obtain PhA values and an orthopedic physical examination (OPE) was performed to assess injuries. The injuries were grouped according to body region, so that injuries in the right or left limbs (arm and/or leg) were grouped into "right injured hemibody" or "left injured hemibody''. The uninjured contralateral hemibody was used as a control. The paired Student's t-test and Wilcoxon test were performed to assess the differences in PhA between right and left hemibodies. RESULTS:Comparing uninjured hemibodies, the right side exhibited higher PhA (14.1 ± 2.0 vs. 13.8 ± 2.1, p < 0.001) compared to the left side. The uninjured right hemibody also exhibited higher PhA than the injured left hemibody (14.6 ± 1.9 vs. 14.3 ± 1.7, p = 0.032). Athletes with the right side affected by injuries presented similar PhA compared to their respective uninjured left hemibodies (14.1 ± 1.6 vs. 14.0 ± 1.5, p = 0.186). CONCLUSION:PhA is different between hemibodies, being higher in the right side, possibly because of the athletes' laterality. However, the differences in PhA between hemibodies disappeared when the right side was injured, showing that the PhA was affected by injuries.

IntroductionCompetitive swimming during adolescence has been linked to poor bone development, potentially influenced by training load, inflammation, hormones, and bone markers. However, this influence has been poorly investigated in the literature.ObjectiveTo compare whether competitive adolescent swimmers present differences in inflammatory, immunological, anabolic, and bone markers compared with non-sport group and to analyse whether inflammatory variables mediate the association between training load and areal bone mineral density (aBMD) in the swimmers group.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 61 adolescents (20 females, 15.4±2.3 years), of which 30 were adolescent swimmers and 31 did not participate in sports (non-sports group). The daily training load was obtained by multiplying the perceived exertion score by the training volume of the swimmers. Lean soft tissue, fat mass and aBMD were estimated from whole-body scans using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and peak height velocity considering stature and body mass. Blood samples were collected to assess bone markers (calcium, 25-hydroxy vitamin D, C-terminal telopeptide, and osteocalcin), growth hormones, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), lymphocytes, leukocytes, and inflammatory markers (interleukin-6 [IL-6] and C-reactive protein [CRP]). Statistical analyses applied a significance level at p<0.05.ResultsBesides lower values in BMD (expect in upper limbs), swimmers had higher calcium (10.0 ± 0.30 vs 9.7 ± 0.44, p=0.007), vitamin D (42.6 ± 10.4 vs 24.2 ± 5.9, p<0.001), and IGF-1 (397.2 ± 115.1 vs 220.3± 73.9, p<0.001) concentrations than their non-sports peers. The mediation analysis found no indirect associations between training load and aBMD through inflammatory markers. Nevertheless, training load was directly and negatively associated with aBMD in the lower limbs (β=-0.1533, 95%CI:-0.2875, -0.0191) and total body less head (β=-0.0978, 95%CI:-0.1880, -0.0076) through IL-6 and directly and negatively associated with aBMD at all sites through CRP.ConclusionThe swimming and non-sports groups did not show differences in bone, inflammatory, or immunological markers. In contrast, swimmers had higher concentrations of IGF-1, calcium, and 25-hydroxy vitamin D. Although the training load was negatively associated with aBMD, inflammatory markers (IL-6 and CRP) did not mediate this association. Reinforcing the hypothesis that swimmers have lower aBMD due to the hypogravitational environment.

The elevated blood pressure (BP) and lower cardiac autonomic modulation (CAM) are associated with higher morbidity mortality risk among older adults. Although exercise is an important intervention for cardiovascular promotion, it is unclear whether combat sports training could benefit cardiovascular outcomes as much as autonomic in this population. This study compared the effects of 12 weeks of Muay Thai (MT) training against functional training (FT) on CAM and hemodynamic parameters in older adults. The sample consisted of 50 older adults (41 women; 66.0 ± 5.3 years old), who were equaly randomized into FT (n = 25) and MT (n = 25) intervention groups. CAM was measured by 30-min rest heart rate variability. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and resting heart rate (RHR) were measured using an automatic oscillometric device. Pulse pressure (PP) and the double product (DP) were also calculated. The interventions were carried out three times a week, with 60-min length per session, during 12 consecutive weeks. The intensity of the interventions was measured using the subjective perception of exertion scale and by accelerometer. Two-factor repeated measures analysis of covariance was used for groups comparison, considering intervention group and body mass as factors. The 95

The objective of the present study is to analyze the changes in bioimpedance vector analysis (BIVA) and phase angle (PhA) in sarcopenic older people submitted to a 12-week resistance training (RT) program according to classic and specific analyses. To this end, 20 sarcopenic older adults of both sexes, invited through media, underwent bioimpedance analysis before and after the RT carried out three times a week, for 12 weeks. The mean impedance vectors of the groups established for the confidence ellipses (95% of the confidence ellipse) are compared using Hotelling's T2 test. The distance D from Mahalanobis is also calculated. Classic and Specific BIVA are presented. The resistance values for the classical analyses (R/H) decreased across all groups (whole group, women and men, p < 0.05), with approximate decreases ranging from 9.4% to 10%, while the classic reactance (Xc/H) decreased (p < 0.05) only for the whole group (5.9%) and men (7.7%). For the specific BIVA, trends are verified for the whole sample, with a decrease in resistance (R.sp) and an increase in reactance (Xc.sp). In conclusion, the RT program in sarcopenic individuals promoted a reduction in resistance values in classical analyses, indicating a possible increase in hydration status and, consequently, musculoskeletal mass.

Leisure-time physical activity seems relevant to prevent the development of chronic diseases and obesity. However, not much is known about the economic burden of these healthy behaviors, mainly in longitudinal designs. This study aimed to analyze the impact of walking and cycling on leisure-time on adiposity and healthcare costs among adults. This longitudinal study was conducted at a medium-size Brazilian city and included 198 participants with no missing data attended in the Brazilian Unified National Health System. Cycling and walking were assessed by a questionnaire with a face -to -face interview at four time -points (baseline, 6-month, 12-month, and 18-month). Healthcare costs were assessed using medical records. Adiposity markers included waist circumference and body fatness. Over the follow-up period, participants who were more engaged in cycling presented lower body fatness (p -value = 0.028) and healthcare costs (p -value = 0.038). However, in the multivariate model, the impact of cycling on costs was not significant (p -value = 0.507) due to the impact of number of chronic diseases (p -value = 0.001). Cycling on leisuretime is inversely related to adiposity in adults, whereas its role on preventing chronic diseases seems the main pathway linking it to cost mitigation.

Pozo, Karina PT; Gobbo, Luis Alberto PhD; Fontolan Vieira, Rafael Mello MSc; Cavalcante, Amanda Mendes PT; Grigoletto, Isis MSc; Cipulo Ramos, Ercy Mara PhD Author Information

Abstract Background Sports practice during adolescence is important to enhance bone development, although it may provide different effects depending on the mechanical impact present in the sport. Besides, resistance training (RT) may also induce bone changes directly (via muscle contractions) and indirectly (via myokines). However, there have been no studies analyzing the longitudinal influence of engaging in sport with and without added mechanical load. Thus, this study aims to analyze the combined effects of sports participation and resistance training on areal bone mineral density (aBMD) accrual in adolescent athletes participating in swimming and impact sports for 12-months. Methods This was a 12-month longitudinal study. The sample comprised 91 adolescents (21 females) aged 10 to 18 years, engaged in impact sports (basketball, tennis, track & field, baseball and gymnastics, n = 66) and non-impact sport (swimming, n = 25). The sample was divided according to resistance training participation: impact sports only (n = 45), impact sports + resistance training (n = 21), swimming-only (n = 17) and swimming + resistance training (n = 8). aBMD and soft tissues were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Generalized linear models analysis was used for the resistance training (RT) x type of sport interaction in predicting aBMD changes overtime, adjusting for maturation, sex and baseline aBMD. Results After 12-months, all groups showed a significant increase in aBMD, except for the swimming groups (regardless of resistant training), which showed a significant loss in spine aBMD (-0.045 [-0.085 to -0.004] g/cm2 in swimming-only and − 0.047 [-0.073 to -0.021] g/cm2 in swimming + RT). In comparisons between groups, only swimming + RT group, compared with swimming-only group presented higher upper limbs aBMD (0.096 g/cm2 [0.074 to 0.118] in swimming + RT vs. 0.046 [0.032 to 0.060] g/cm2 in swimming only; p < 0.05) and whole body less head (WBLH) aBMD (0.039 [0.024 to 0.054] g/cm2 in swimming + RT vs. 0.017 [0.007 to 0.027] g/cm2 swimming-only; p < 0.05). Conclusion Despite the significant gain in aBMD in all groups and body sites after 12-months, except for the spine site of swimmers, the results indicate that participation in RT seems to improve aBMD accrual in swimmers at the upper limbs and WBLH.

Encouraging healthy aging in postmenopausal women involves advocating for lifestyle modifications, including regular physical exercise like combined training (CT) and functional training (FT). Regarding this population, age-related alterations in body composition, such as decreased muscle mass and heightened adipose tissue, impact health. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of FT and CT on body recomposition in postmenopausal women. About the methods, we randomly allocated 96 post-menopausal women to the FT, CT, or control group (CG). We measured body composition by bioimpedance and lower limb muscle strength by sit-to-stand test in five repetitions, respectively. The training protocol lasted 16 weeks, and we measured body composition and lower limb muscle strength every 4 weeks, totaling five assessments. Regarding results, we notice that both training groups increased lean mass from the 8th week of training. In addition, a reduction was observed in total fat percentage and an increase in appendicular lean mass from the 12th week of intervention. No differences were found for body mass. Furthermore, only the experimental groups increase muscle strength, starting from the 4th week of training. The conclusion was that FT and CT promote similar adaptations in body recomposition without affecting body mass in postmenopausal women.

Introduction: Increases in fat mass and reductions in lean mass are associated with the frailty and mortality of older people. In this context, Functional Training (FT) is an option to increase lean mass and reduce fat mass in older people. Thus, this systematic review aims to investigate the effects of FT on body fat and lean mass in older people. Methods: We included randomized controlled clinical trials, with at least one intervention group that employed FT, with the age of participants ≥60 years; and participants physically independent and healthy. We performed the systematic investigation in Pubmed MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. We extracted the information and used the PEDro Scale to assess the methodological quality of each study. Results: Our research found 3,056 references with five appropriate studies. Of the five studies, three presented reductions in fat mass, all of them with interventions between three and 6 months, different training dose parameters, and 100% of the sample was composed of women. On the other hand, two studies with interventions between 10 and 12 weeks presented conflicting results. Conclusion: Despite the limited literature about lean mass, it appears that long-term FT interventions may reduce fat mass in older women. Clinical Trial Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=399257, identifier CRD42023399257.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of lipodystrophy and physical exercise on the parameters of bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) and bioimpedance vector analysis (BIVA) of people living with HIV (PLWHIV). Methods: Seventy patients were divided into two groups: PLWHIV with lipodystrophy (PLWHIV-L) and PLWHIV without lipodystrophy (PLWHIV-NL). The phase angle (PhA) and the BIVA were determined from the values of resistance and reactance collected by the BIS. The percentage of fat mass and lean soft tissue (LST) were determined by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. For comparisons between the PLWHIV-L and PLWHIV-NL groups, the t test for independent samples or the Mann-Whitney test was used. From the BIVA, the average of the impedance vectors of the two groups was calculated with the 95% confidence ellipse, and the individual vectors of the patients divided by sex were also compared with the tolerance ellipses of 50%, 75%, and 95% of the healthy reference population. The relationships between the variables of interest were determined by the Pearson or Spearman correlation coefficient and the coefficient of determination. Analysis of covariance was used for comparisons between groups, adjusted for possible confounding variables. Results: PLWIV-L showed better hydration conditions (P <0.01), higher LST (P <0.01), and lower percent of fat mass (P <0.01). No differences in PhA were observed between PLWHIV who practiced or did not practice physical exercise. There was a significant difference between the impedance vectors of the groups with and without lipodystrophy (T = 42.4 and P <0.01). Additionally, most of the patients who were positioned beyond the ellipse limits of 50% of tolerance fell into the areas of edema and cachexia. The extracellular to intracellular water ratio explained 81% of the PhA variations. When PhA was adjusted for height(2), fat mass/height(2) and LST, it was significantly different between groups of the female sex (PhA: P <0.01). Conclusion: Lipodystrophy and the practice of physical exercise do not present direct involvement in the PhA values, with sex, body composition, and hydration variables being the main influences on this variable. BIVA was able to show differences in the body composition of the groups even when the PhA values were similar. (C) 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

BACKGROUND:Lung or head and neck cancers are known for their high prevalence and mortality rates. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are usually recommended as cancer treatment for these malignancies; however, they can negatively impact both the physical and mental status of patients. Hence, it is reasonable to consider resistance and aerobic exercise training to prevent these negative health outcomes. Further, several factors prevent patients from attending outpatient exercise training programs, and, therefore, a semisupervised home-based exercise training program may be seen as a well-accepted alternative.OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study will be to investigate the effects of a semisupervised home-based exercise training program on physical performance, body composition, and self-reported outcomes; changes in the initial cancer treatment dose prescribed; number of hospitalizations at 3, 6, and 9 months; and 12-month survival in people with primary lung or head and neck cancer.METHODS:Participants will be randomly allocated to the training group (TG) or control group (CG). The TG will undergo semisupervised home-based resistance and aerobic exercise training throughout their cancer treatment. The resistance training will be performed using elastic bands (TheraBand) twice a week. The aerobic training (ie, brisk walk) will be performed for at least 20 minutes per day outdoors. The equipment and tools used during the training sessions will be provided. This intervention will start the week before treatment commencement, will be performed throughout the duration of the treatment, and will continue for 2 weeks after treatment completion. The CG will undergo usual care (ie, cancer treatment with no formal exercise prescription). Assessments will take place 2 weeks before the beginning of the usual cancer treatment and 2 weeks after treatment completion. The measures of physical function (peripheral muscle strength, functional exercise capacity, and physical activity), body composition, and self-reported outcomes (symptoms of anxiety and depression, health-related quality of life, and symptoms related to the disease and treatment) will be collected. We will report on any change in the initial cancer treatment dose prescribed; number of hospitalizations at 3, 6, and 9 months; and 12-month survival.RESULTS:In February 2021, the clinical trial registration was approved. Recruitment and data collection for the trial are ongoing (as of April 2023, 20 participants had already been randomized), and findings of this study are likely to be published late in 2024.CONCLUSIONS:This exercise training as a complementary treatment for patients with cancer is likely to promote positive effects on the health outcomes assessed, over and above any change in the CG, and prevent the reduction of initial cancer treatment dose prescribed. If these positive effects are shown, they will likely impact long-term outcomes such as hospitalizations and 12-month survival.TRIAL REGISTRATION:Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry (ReBEC) RBR-5cyvzh9; https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-5cyvzh9.INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID):PRR1-10.2196/43547.

Background: Sedentary behavior has been associated with musculoskeletal pain in school teachers. How-ever, our hypothesis is that physical activity practice could mitigate this association. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of musculoskeletal pain with high screen-based sedentary behavior among public school teachers and whether physical activity could mitigate this relationship. Method: A sample of 246 teachers from 13 public schools were assessed (45.0 +/- 10.4 years, 76.0% of women). Musculoskeletal pain was assessed using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire, screen-based sedentary behavior was measured considering the sum of screen time in television, computer, and smartphone/tablet, and physical activity using the Baecke habitual physical activity questionnaire. Binary logistic regression was used to verify the associations between high screen-based sedentary behavior and musculoskeletal pain in school teachers (Model 1-unadjusted; Model 2-adjusted by age, sex, and socioe-conomic status; Model 3-variables of Model 2 + adjusted by physical activity). Results: High screen-based sedentary behavior was associated with pain in neck (odds ratio = 2.09; 95%confidence interval = 1.08-4.04), upper back (odds ratio = 2.21; 95%confidence interval = 1.07-4.56), and low back (odds ratio = 1.91; 95%confidence interval = 1.00-3.65). However, after inserting the vari-ables, including physical activity, these associations were mitigated. Conclusions: High screen-based sedentary behavior was associated with musculoskeletal pain in public school teachers. However, this relationship was mitigated after the inclusion of confounding variables, including physical activity. (c) 2022 American Society for Pain Management Nursing. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Background Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a technique widely used for estimating body composition and health-related parameters. The technology is relatively simple, quick, and non-invasive, and is currently used globally in diverse settings, including private clinicians’ offices, sports and health clubs, and hospitals, and across a spectrum of age, body weight, and disease states. BIA parameters can be used to estimate body composition (fat, fat-free mass, total-body water and its compartments). Moreover, raw measurements including resistance, reactance, phase angle, and impedance vector length can also be used to track health-related markers, including hydration and malnutrition, and disease-prognostic, athletic and general health status. Body composition shows profound variability in association with age, sex, race and ethnicity, geographic ancestry, lifestyle, and health status. To advance understanding of this variability, we propose to develop a large and diverse multi-country dataset of BIA raw measures and derived body components. The aim of this paper is to describe the ‘BIA International Database’ project and encourage researchers to join the consortium. Methods The Exercise and Health Laboratory of the Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon has agreed to host the database using an online portal. At present, the database contains 277,922 measures from individuals ranging from 11 months to 102 years, along with additional data on these participants. Conclusion The BIA International Database represents a key resource for research on body composition.