The aim of this study was to assess proportion of severe malaria among all admissions in hospital located in area with internally displaced population in South Sudan, within years 2013-2014. Diagnosis of severe malaria was done clinically, plus microscopically, plus rapid diagnostic testing (RDT) has been used since 2013. Altogether, 1438 patients (38,8%) had severe malaria clinically confirmed as fever plus severe anemia, or respiratory distress syndrome, or cerebral malaria, liver or kidney failure, or severe hypoglycemia with acidosis. Of 1438 severe malaria cases, 76 died (5,3%).

Two hundred-sixty-one (261) cases of cerebral malaria within last 8 years from 3 tropical clinics in South Sudan were analyzed. Coma was present at 79.8% and convulsions at 25.6%. However 90.5% of children were cured. Commonest antimalarial drugs used were intravenous quinine, clindamycin, artesunate and artemeter.

The aim of this study was to assess if differences in etiology and risk factors among 372 cases of bacterial meningitis acquired after surgery (PM) or in community (CBM) have impact on outcome of infected patients. Among 372 cases of bacterial meningitis within last 17 years from 10 major Slovak hospitals, 171 were PM and 201 CBM. Etiology, risk factors such as underlying disease, cancer, diabetes alcoholism, surgery, VLBW, ENT infections, trauma, sepsis were recorded and mortality, survival with sequellae, therapy failure were compared in both groups. Significant differences in etiology and risk factors between both groups were reported. Those after neurosurgery had more frequently Coagulase negative staphylococci (p<0.001), Enterobacteriaceae (p=0.01) and Acinetobacter baumannii (p=0.0008) isolated from CSF and vice versa Streptococcus pneumoniae (p<0.001), Neisseria meningitis (p<0.001) and Haemophillus influenza (p=0.0009) were more commonly isolated from CSF in CBM. Neurosurgery (p<0.001), sepsis (p=0.006), VLBW neonates (p=0.00002) and cancer (p=0.0007) were more common in PM and alcohol abuse (p<0.001) as well as otitis/sinusitis (p<0.001) and Roma ethnic group (p=0.001) in CAM. Initial treatment success was significantly more frequently observed among CAM (p<0.001) but cure after modification was more common in PM (p=0.002). Therefore outcome in both groups was similar (14.6% vs. 12.4%, p=NS).

Immunodeficiency with reduced clearance of respiratory pathogens, multiple courses of antibiotic therapy in consequence of opportunistic infections and long-term rifampin therapy for tuberculosis (TB) and cotrimoxazol chemoprophylaxis have been associated with antibiotic resistance in HIV positive patient population. 1 Docze A. Benca G. Augustin A. Beno P. Babela O. Krcmery Jr., V. Is antimicrobial multiresistance to antibiotics in Cambodian HIV positive children related to prior antiretroviral or tuberculosis chemotherapy?. Scand J Infect Dis. 2004; 36 ([Letter]): 779-780 PubMed Google Scholar