A vector-polarized deuteron beam of 52 MeV was used to excite proton hole states via the (Zn(d over arrow pointing right, He-3)Cu)-Zn-66-Cu-65, reaction. From the measured angular distributions of differential cross sections sigma(THETA) and analyzing powers iT11(THETA) we determined spins and parities of a number of individual low-lying levels in Cu-65 and the hole strength distribution for E(x) < 19 MeV. Relative proton occupancies, single-particle energies, the shape of the Fermi surface and spreading widths for various orbitals are presented as a result of a combined analysis with proton stripping reactions on Zn-66. A corresponding analysis of previous proton pickup and stripping experiments on Fe-54, Fe-56, Fe-58, Ni-58, Ni-60, Ni-62, Ni-64, Zn-64, and Ge-70 shows systematic A-dependent features of these integral properties of the spectra.

A vector-polarized deuteron beam of 52 MeV was used to excite proton hole states via the 60Ni(d, 3He)59Co reaction. From the measured angular distributions of differential cross sections σ(Θ) and analyzing powers iT11(Θ) we determined spins and parities of a number of individual low lying levels in 59Co and the complete hole strength distribution for Ex < 19 MeV. The total (2s, 1d) and (1f, 2p) proton strengths are accounted for. Relative proton occupancies in various orbitals, single-particle energies, the shape of the Fermi surface and spreading widths are the results of a combined analysis with proton stripping reactions on 60Ni. A corresponding analysis of proton pick-up and stripping experiments on 58Ni, 62Ni and 64Ni shows systematic A-dependent features of these integral properties of the spectra.

The real optical potential for 16O+16O system is calculated within a generalized version of the double-folding model with the Pauli knock-on exchange effects between the projectile nucleons and the target nucleons taken into account from first principle. The elastic scattering data at Elab=350 MeV supplemented by the new measurement at larger angles seem to be the first case in heavy-ion scattering where one can test the reliability of different theoretical heavy-ion optical potentials. Predictions are made for the elastic scattering of 16O+16O at laboratory energies of 240–480 MeV to illustrare the energy dependence of the rainbow structure which has been clearly observed in experiment at 350 MeV.

The elastic scattering of vector-polarized deuterons has been measured near Ed = 20 MeV on a variety of nuclei to investigate the effective deuteron-scattering potential at low energies. The analysis of the data has been performed within the conventional optical model as well as in the framework of the model-unrestricted Fourier-Bessel method. Whereas both methods result in scattering potentials which agree in their bulk properties, only the latter method leads to a statistically relevant description of the data with χ2/F≈1. The Fourier-Bessel potentials show features similar to those observed at 52 MeV: in contrast to what is expected from static folding, the real central potential has a small skin thickness comparable to that of nucleon potentials. In the absorptive potential the breakup contribution amounts to about 20%, in agreement with theoretical predictions. The empirical potentials are interpreted by single- and double-folding calculations.

In conventional two- or more-dimensional pulse height measurements, two or more ADCs or similar data sources are connected to a histogramming memory via a router module. A software configurable signal-processor-based router with extended features is described.

Abstract The elastic scattering of 3 He from 208 Pb has been measured at 49 MeV and 130 MeV over a large angular range covering both diffractive and refractive regions. The model-unrestricted Fourier-Bessel analysis of the 130 MeV data results in a unique solution for the underlying scattering potential. Its real central part fits very well into the systematics observed in nucleon, deuteron and alpha scattering and agrees with double folding calculations confirming the weak density-dependence of the nucleon-nucleon interaction found recently.

High-quality data of p, d, He-3, He-4 and O-16 elastic scattering have been analyzed with the model-unrestricted Fourier-Bessel method. The real central parts of the extracted scattering potentials can be quantitatively and, for all projectiles consistently, described by double-folding calculations, if a weak density dependence of the effective NN-interaction is employed. This favours a soft equation of state. The double folding calculations also give a good overall account of the empirical spin-orbit potentials of p, d and He-3.

The elastic scattering of 3 He from 208 Pb has been measured at 49 MeV and 130 MeV over a large angular range covering both diffractive and refractive regions. The model-unrestricted Fourier-Bessel analysis of the 130 MeV data results in a unique solution for the underlying scattering potential. Its real central part fits very well into the systematics observed in nucleon, deuteron and alpha scattering and agrees with double folding calculations confirming the weak density-dependence of the nucleon-nucleon interaction found recently.

High-quality data for elastic proton, deuteron and σ-particle scattering on 40Ca and 208Pb at 26–30 MeV/N have been analyzed in terms of the model-unrestricted Fourier-Bessel concept. While extracted scattering potentials show substantial deviations from Woods-Saxon shapes, their real central parts are well described by folding calculations using a common effective nucleon-nucleon interaction with a weak density dependence.

Measurements at 52 MeV of elastic scattering of polarized deuterons including the nuclear rainbow region are analyzed “model independently” to yield the underlying scattering potential. The extracted potentials are surprisingly well determined in the nuclear interior. The radial shape of the real parts is found to coincide closely with that observed in nucleon scattering — in contrast to the folding picture, which, however, accounts well for the volume integral of the absorption.