Solution-processable organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) are emerging as the most promising next-generation lighting technology. However, the up-scaling and the roll-to-roll production of this solid-state lighting technology remain a great challenge up to this day. One of the key factors that determines the performance of an OLED device is the balanced and effective injection/transport of charge carriers from the electrodes to the emitting layer. Injection and transport of carriers can be significantly affected by internal factors such as the energy-level alignment and the integrity of the interfaces formed between the individual thin films of the stacked architectures of the devices. In this work, various charge transport layers, such as Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS), Poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene- alt-N(4-sec-butylphenyl)-diphenylamine (TFB), Copper(I) thiocyanate (CuSCN) and Poly[9,9-dioctyl-9′,9′-bis[3-(trimethylamomonio)propyl][2,2′-bi-9 H-fluorene]-7,7′-diyliodide (PFN-I), are grown as thin films by spin coating and characterized. Following this, the fabrication of multilayer OLED devices was carried out for the comparative evaluation of the performance and functional properties. It was found that the energy level alignment of various functional layers, along with the morphological quality of the mixed interlayers between these layers, are strongly correlated with the accumulation and trapping of carriers during the device’s operation. This directly affects the performance and operation of the OLED devices, including brightness, electrical characteristics, and emission profile.

This study explores the integration of printable photoactive polymers poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-alt-bithiophene)) (F8T2), poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-alt-benzothiadiazole) (F8BT), and spiro copolymer (SPG-01T), as well as the blended system of poly(9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl) (F8) with F8BT (F8:F8BT), into polymer-based OLEDs (PLEDs) to be applied as actuators in wearable optical sensors. In-depth analysis of the photophysical, optical, and optoelectronic properties is conducted on thin films produced by using spin-coating (SC) and slot-die-coating (SD) techniques. This research aims to develop either rigid or flexible optical sensing devices. By fine-tuning the film thickness, emission profiles near the ideal green color coordinates (0.30, 0.60) were achieved, which are essential for precise optical sensing. Flexible PLEDs were fabricated to validate and examine their thickness-induced differences in emission bandwidths, color coordinates, and operational characteristics. The flexible devices bearing SPG-01T (77.3 nm) exhibited nearly ideal green color coordinates (0.29, 0.55) with a broad electroluminescence spectrum width of 95.4 nm, rendering them suitable for integration into OLED-based sensing platforms with broadband emission requirements. In contrast, flexible PLEDs that utilize thinner SD films of F8:F8BT (31 nm) and F8T2 (21.4 nm) produced narrower EL spectra, with widths of 74.1 nm and 63.8 nm, respectively. The color coordinates for these materials are (0.33, 0.60) for F8:F8BT and (0.32, 0.62) for F8T2. These characteristics make them particularly suitable for optical sensing applications that require spectral specificity, such as analyte detection. As a proof of concept, the detection of varying concentrations of Rhodamine 6G (R6G) was tested. Flexible devices using F8T2 and F8:F8BT exhibited a higher linearity in fluorescence response when detecting increasing amounts of R6G, achieving R 2 values of 0.957 and 0.942, respectively. In contrast, devices using SPG-01T showed a much lower linearity, with an R 2 value of only 0.587. Our findings show that the thickness of the emissive layer and the electroluminescence emission profile are critical parameters for the functionality and sensitivity of PLED-based flexible optical detectors.

Polymers containing π-conjugated segments are a diverse group of large molecules with semiconducting and emissive properties, with strong potential for use as active layers in Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (OLEDs). Stable blue-emitting materials, which are utilized as emissive layers in solution-processed OLED devices, are essential for their commercialization. Achieving balanced charge injection is challenging due to the wide bandgap between the HOMO and LUMO energy levels. This study examines the optical and photophysical characteristics of blue-emitting polymers to contribute to the understanding of the fundamental mechanisms of color purity and its stability during the operation of OLED devices. The investigated materials are a novel synthesized lab scale polymer, namely poly[(2,7-di(p-acetoxystyryl)-9-(2-ethylhexyl)-9H-carbazole-4,4′-diphenylsulfone)-co-poly(2,6-diphenylpyrydine-4,4′-diphenylsulfone] (CzCop), as well as three commercially supplied materials, namely Poly(9,9-di-n-octylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl) (PFO), poly[9,9-bis(2′-ethylhexyl) fluorene-2,7-diyl] (PBEHF), and poly (9,9-n-dihexyl-2,7-fluorene-alt-9-phenyl-3,6-carbazole) (F6PC). The materials were compared to evaluate their properties using Spectroscopic Ellipsometry, Photoluminescence, and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Additionally, the electrical characteristics of the OLED devices were investigated, as well as the stability of the electroluminescence emission spectrum during the device’s operation. Finally, the determined optical properties, combined with their photo- and electro-emission characteristics, provided significant insights into the color stability and selectivity of each material.

A systematic investigation of optical, electrochemical, photophysical, and electrooptical properties of printable green color-emitting polymer (poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-alt-bithiophene)) (F8T2) and spiro-copolymer (SPG-01T) was conducted to explore their potentiality as an emissive layer for wearable polymer light-emitting diode (PLED) applications. We compared the two photoactive polymers in terms of their spectral characteristics and color purity, as these are the most critical factors for wearable lighting sources and optical sensors. Low-cost, solution-based methods and facile architecture were applied to produce rigid and flexible light-emitting devices with high luminance efficiencies. Emission bandwidths, color coordinates, operational characteristics, and luminance were also derived to evaluate the device’s stability. The tuning of emission’s spectral features by layer thickness variation was realized and was correlated with the interplay between H-aggregates and J-aggregates formations for both conjugated polymers. Finally, we applied the functional green light-emitting PLED devices based on the two studied materials for the detection of Rhodamine 6G. It was determined that the optical detection of the R6G photoluminescence is heavily influenced by the emission spectrum characteristics of the PLED and changes in the thickness of the active layer.

In this study, fully aromatic polyether sulfones were developed, bearing blue, yellow, and orange–red π-conjugated semiconducting units. Carbazole-, anthracene-, and benzothiadiazole-based fluorophores are copolymerized with a diphenylsulfone moiety. A diphenylpyridine comonomer was additionally utilized, acting as both a solubilizing unit and a weak blue fluorescent group. Using this rationale, fluorescent polyarylethers with high molecular weights, up to 70 kDa, were developed, showing film formation ability and high thermal stability, while preserving excellent solubility in common organic, nonvolatile, and nonchlorinated solvents. Fine-tuning of the emission color was achieved through subtle changes of the comonomers’ type and ratio. Single-chromophore-bearing copolymers emitted in the blue or the yellow region of the visible spectrum, while the dual-chromophore-bearing terpolymers emitted throughout the visible spectrum, resulting in white light emission. Solutions of 20 wt% in polar aprotic solvents at ambient conditions allowed the deposition of fluorescent copolyethers and printing from non-chlorinated solvents. All polyethers were evaluated for their structural and optoelectronic properties, and selected copolymers were successfully used in the emitting layer (EML) of organic light-emitting diode (OLED) devices, using either rigid or flexible substrates. Remarkable color stability was displayed in all cases for up to 15 V of bias voltage. The Commission Internationale de L’Eclairage (CIE) of the fabricated devices is located in the blue (0.16, 0.16), yellow (0.44, 0.50), or white region of the visible spectrum (0.33, 0.38) with minimal changes according to the ratio of the comonomers. The versatile methodology toward semiconducting polyethersulfones for polymer light-emitting diodes (PLEDs) developed herein led to the scaled-up production of luminescent polymers of up to 25 g of high-molecular-weight single batches, demonstrating the effectiveness of this approach as a straightforward tool to facilitate the synthesis of flexible and printable EMLs for large-area PLED coverage.

Extensive research has been dedicated to the solution-processable white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs), which can potentially influence future solid-state lighting and full-color flat-panel displays. The proposed strategy based on WOLEDs involves blending two or more emitting polymers or copolymerizing two or more emitting chromophores with different doping concentrations to produce white light emission from a single layer. Toward this direction, the development of blends was conducted using commercial blue poly(9,9-di-n-octylfluorenyl2,7-diyl) (PFO), green poly(9,9-dioctylfluorenealt-benzothiadiazole) (F8BT), and red spiro-copolymer (SPR) light-emitting materials, whereas the synthesized copolymers were based on different chromophores, namely distyryllanthracene, distyrylcarbazole, and distyrylbenzothiadiazole, as yellow, blue, and orange–red emitters, respectively. A comparative study between the two approaches was carried out to examine the main challenge for these doping systems, which is ensuring the proper balance of emissions from all the units to span the entire visible range. The emission characteristics of fabricated WOLEDs will be explored in terms of controlling the emission from each emitter, which depends on two possible mechanisms: energy transfer and carrier trapping. The aim of this work is to achieve pure white emission through the color mixing from different emitters based on different doping concentrations, as well as color stability during the device operation. According to these aspects, the WOLED devices based on the copolymers of two chromophores exhibit the most encouraging results regarding white color emission coordinates (0.28, 0.31) with a CRI value of 82.

Organometallic complexes containing reactive alkali metals, such as lithium (Li), represent a promising material approach for electron injection layers and electron transport layers (EILs and ETLs) to enhance the performance of Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (OLEDs). 8-Quinolinolato Lithium (Liq) has shown remarkable potential as an EIL and ETL when conveyed in very thin films. Nevertheless, the deposition of nano-layers requires precise control over both thickness and morphology. In this work, we investigate the optical properties and morphological characteristics of Liq thin films deposited via Organic Vapor Phase Deposition (OVPD). Specifically, we present our methodology for analyzing the measured pseudodielectric function <ε(ω)> using Spectroscopic Ellipsometry (SE), alongside the nano-topography of evaporated Liq nano-layers using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). This information can contribute to the understanding of the functionality of this material, since ultra-thin Liq interlayers can significantly increase the operational stability of OLED architectures.

Titanium nitride (TiN) is a candidate material for several plasmonic applications, and pulsed laser ablation in liquids (PLAL) represents a rapid, scalable, and environmentally friendly approach for the large-scale production of nanomaterials with customized properties. In this work, the nanosecond PLAL process is developed, and we provide a concise understanding of the process parameters, such as the solvent and the laser fluence and pulse wavelength, to the size and structure of the produced TiN nanoparticles (NPs). TiN films of a 0.6 μm thickness developed by direct-current (DC) magnetron sputtering were used as the ablation targets. All laser process parameters lead to the fabrication of spherical NPs, while the laser pulse fluence was used to control the NPs’ size. High laser pulse fluence values result in larger TiN NPs (diameter around 42 nm for 5 mJ and 25 nm for 1 mJ), as measured from scanning electron microscopy (SEM). On the other hand, the wavelength of the laser pulse does not affect the mean size of the TiN NPs (24, 26, and 25 nm for 355, 532, and 1064 nm wavelengths, respectively). However, the wavelength plays a vital role in the quality of the produced TiN NPs. Shorter wavelengths result in NPs with fewer defects, as indicated by Raman spectra and XPS analysis. The solvent type also significantly affects the size of the NPs. In aqueous solutions, strong oxidation of the NPs is evident, while organic solvents such as acetone, carbides, and oxides cover the TiN NPs.

We introduce the preparation as well as the structural and optical properties of hybrid materials consisting of diblock copolymer matrices with gold nanoparticles. Anionically synthesized diblock copolymers of the PS-b- P4VP sequence, where PS: polystyrene and P4VP: poly(4-vinylpyridine) with well-defined characteristics were utilized as the polymer matrices. The specific pyridine-containing copolymers were selected due to their sus-ceptibility to post-polymerization chemical modification reactions. Basic tertiary amines can be easily modified due to the presence of the nitrogen atom (N) in the 4-position (-para) of the aromatic ring in the monomeric units of poly(4-vinylpyridine). In this manner, the addition of either atoms or whole compounds as ion pairs is enabled. We report that the role of noble metal atoms in polymer matrices is dual. Firstly, microphase separation in the presence of heteroatoms occurs even in cases of extremely low molecular characteristics due to the increased repulsion between the components and secondly the excitation of plasmon resonance at the polymer/ nanoparticle interface is induced. We believe that our work sheds light on the driving forces of self-assembly on the studied modified copolymers. The results strongly suggest that the hybrid materials can adopt well-defined morphologies even in very low molecular weights, a fact that renders them promising candidates for photonic applications.

Stable red phosphorescent materials are of high importance in OLED applications and a promising scenario relies on the organometallic emitters, such as phosphorescent dopants, constituting an effective emissive layer of OLEDs, which is usually embedded in an appropriate host matrix. Iridium (III) complexes are the most widely used dopants in Phosphorescent OLEDs because of their high internal quantum efficiency. In this work, Bis(2-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)quinoline-C,N)(acetylacetonato)iridium(III), (Ir(dmpq)2(acac)), was doped in four different small molecule host materials, such as 4,4 '-Bis(N-carbazolyl)-1,1 '-biphenyl (CBP), 1,3-Bis(N-carbazolyl)benzene (mCP), 1,1-Bis[(di-4-tolylamino) phenyl]cyclohexane (TAPC) and tris(4-carbazoyl-9-ylphenyl)amine (TCTA), with doping concentrations of 4%, 6%, and 8%. tau he net host materials and the Ir(dmpq)2(acac) were first characterized in respect of their optical and photophysical properties. Following, the doped thin films were implemented as the active layers in OLED devices, formed via the solution deposition method. It was found that OLED devices fabricated for all studied cases emit red light, a characteristic of Ir(dmpq)2(acac), with a maximum wavelength of approximately 620 nm. By exploring the different combinations between the host and the dopant, as well as the different doping concentrations, we aim to provide insights into the selection of the best per-forming host materials for PhOLEDs.

A commercial TCAD tool (Silvaco-Atlas) is used for the simulation of organic field-effect transistor (OFET) devices based on sprayed 6,13-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl)-pentacene (TIPS-Pentacene) organic semiconductor and polystyrene (PS) insulating polymer blends (0.8:0.2 w/w). The simulation results are validated and improved after systematic comparison with experimental data. Shallow donor-like bulk and interface traps density of states (DOS) are taken into account for better convergence with the experimental data. Also, the necessity to include negative interface charge density was revealed. Furthermore, the constant low-field mobility model as well as the band-to-band tunneling model were selected, while their parameters were properly adjusted. Simulated electrical characteristics and experimental data demonstrate a very good agreement but necessitate further improvement. The important physical quantity of root-mean-square (RMS) roughness at the TIPS-Pentacene/PS interface is also included in the simulation considering various patterns. Different levels of RMS roughness at the active interface and different patterns are considered. Also, the TIPS-Pentacene thickness non-uniformity was examined, and the simulation results suggest that it is more significant when the TIPS-Pentacene thickness is thinner near the drain electrode side. Finally, the effects of non-uniformity on the device's overall electrical behavior are systematically investigated.

Τhe fabrication of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) from solution involves the major problem of stack integrity, setting the determination of the composition and the characteristics of the resulting interfaces prerequisite for the optimization of the growth processes and the achievement of high devices’ performance. In this work, a poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene) (F8) and poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-alt-benzothiadiazole) (F8BT) blend is used for the emissive layer (EML), poly-3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene; poly-styrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) is used for a hole transport layer (HTL), and Poly(9,9-bis(3′-(N,N-dimethyl)-N-ethylammoinium-propyl-2,7-fluorene)-alt-2,7-(9,9-dioctylfluore-ne))dibromide (PFN-Br) for an electron transport layer (ETL) to produce the OLED device. All the layers are developed using the slot-die process, onto indium tin oxide (ITO)-coated polyethylene terephthalate (PET) flexible substrates, whereas Ag cathode was formed by ink-jet printing under ambient conditions. Spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements were performed upon completion of the successive films’ growth, in sequential steps, for the multilayer OLED development. Ellipsometry analysis using different models demonstrate the degree of intermixing within the layers and provide information about the interfaces. These interfacial properties are correlated with the emission characteristics as well as the final performance of the OLED devices.

In this work, we present the fabrication and characterization of solution-processable red Phosphorescent Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (PhOLEDs). The proposed approach is based on Ir(III) complex, namely Bis(2-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)quinoline-C,N)(acetylacetonato)Iridium(III), also known as Ir(dmpq)2(acac), which was doped in four different host materials: (a) 4,4′-Bis(N-carbazolyl)-1,1′-biphenyl (CBP), (b) 1,3-Bis(N-carbazolyl)benzene (mCP), (c) 1,1-Bis[(di-4-tolylamino) phenyl]cyclohexane (TAPC), and (d) tris(4-carbazoyl-9-ylphenyl)amine (TCTA). The metal–organic complex offers unique optical and electronic properties arising from the interplay between the inorganic metal and the organic material. The optical and photophysical properties of the produced thin films are investigated in detail using spectroscopic ellipsometry and photoluminescence, whereas the structural characteristics are examined by atomic force microscopy. This comparative study of the four different Host:Ir-complex systems provides valuable information to evaluate the emission characteristics in order to achieve pure red light. Finally, these materials were applied as a single-emissive layer in PhOLED devices, and the electroluminescence characteristics were studied.

Electrically conductive polymers have proved to be very interesting materials in the development of various electronic and optical devices, such as solution processed Polymer Light-Emitting Diodes (PLEDs). Tremendous advances in the field of solution processed PLEDs have been achieved mainly through the synthesis of novel emitting materials. Blue light emission has been the most challenging notably due to the difficulty to inject charges in wide energy gap materials [1]. In this study, we compared promising lab scale blue emitting polymer bearing Carbazole moiety with commercially available Polyfluorene derivatives in terms of film forming ability, emission characteristics and color purity. The spin coating technique was implemented to produce functional layers, including the hole transport layer and emitting layer. The optical and photophysical properties of the solution processable thin films were thoroughly studied via NIR- Vis- far UV Spectroscopic Ellipsometry (SE) and Photoluminescence (PL) respectively, whereas the structural characteristics were examined by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Subsequently, blue light PLED devices were fabricated, and they were evaluated using Electroluminescence (EL). From the analysis of the electrical data, valuable information was obtained for different current density characteristics under different bias voltage regimes. Emission bandwidths, color coordinates and the luminance were also derived in order to evaluate the devices ’ stability. Finally the printability of the polymer films to flexible substrates was investigated using slot

Obtaining white light from organic LEDs is a considerable challenge and, to realize white light emission, many studies have been conducted, primarily addressing two- or three-color blend systems as a promising strategy. In this work, pristine films, grown by spin coating, consisting of commercial blue Poly(9,9-di-n-octylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl) (PFO), green Poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-alt-benzothiadiazole) (F8BT), and red spiro-copolymer (SPR) light-emitting materials, were studied as reference materials. Afterward, binary (SPR doped in host PFO) and ternary (SPR and F8BT doped in host PFO) thin films were successfully prepared with various ratios. The characterization of the as-grown and thermally-treated blend films was focused on their optical and photophysical properties. After, the fabrication of OLED devices on glass substrates was carried out for the evaluation of a blend’s composition and annealing in terms of the devices’ electrical characteristics and electro-emission properties in order to achieve white light emission. Their analysis provided insights into the energy transfer mechanisms between the constituent materials, which were correlated to host–guest interactions as well as to the structural changes originated by thermal treatment, leading to the crystallization of PFO. Finally, the OLEDs based on ternary blends approach the white light emission with (x, y) of (0.272, 0.346). These fabricated devices also exhibit turn-on voltages as low as 3 V, accompanied by remarkable luminance values above 3000 cd/m2.

The purpose of this work is the investigation of white light emission by blending RGB-emitting polymers and the definition of the optimal blending weight ratio, concerning the device operation characteristics and color emission. A comprehensive study of the optical properties and optoelectronic performance of white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs) based on blends of poly(9,9-di-noctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl) (PFO), poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-altbaenzothiadiazole) (F8BT) and poly[2-methoxy-5-(3′,7′-dimethyloctyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] (MDMO-PPV) is reported. It was observed that using relatively low ratios, up to 5 wt% of F8BT and MDMO-PPV into the host polymer PFO, slightly affects the dielectric optical response of the blended films and the characteristic electronic absorptions of PFO. Photoluminescence (PL) studies of the blends reveal that the main mechanism is the energy transfer from PFO to F8BT constituent. However, the electroluminescence (EL) study of blends, demonstrates that, in addition to energy transfer, the individual emission of PFO, F8BT and MDMO-PPV leads to a broad emission of the produced OLED devices that covers the whole visible spectral range. As a result, an almost white emission is achieved proving the potentiality to implement such solution-processable blends for lighting applications.

We have investigated semiconducting aromatic aliphatic polyethers based on either distyrylanthracene (Polymer A) or distyrylanthracene, distyrylbenzothiadiazole and distyrylcarbazole (Terpolymer B) chromophores separated by aliphatic undecane spacers that were deposited as thin films onto PEDOT:PSS by X-ray Photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), depth-profiling XPS, and Reflection Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy (REELS) techniques. XPS measurements demonstrated the quality of the prepared films. They also showed that for the Terpolymer B sample there is an excess of PSS dopant in the film surface, which was further corroborated through argon ion sputtering process coupled to the XPS acquisition. N1s XPS results suggest that sulphonic groups present in the PSS molecule might interfere in the Terpolymer B backbone by protonating their nitrogen atoms. From REELS data, pi - plasmon peaks were derived for Polymer A and Terpolymer B thin films. In addition, Spectroscopic Ellipsometry and Photoluminescence Spectroscopy were applied for the evaluation and the determination of the optical properties as well as the thickness of the photoactive polymeric films and the emission characteristics, respectively.

In this study, novel copolymers consisting of blue and red chromophores are presented to induce emission tuning, enabling the definition of white light emission in a single polymeric layer. These aromatic polyether sulfones exhibit high molecular weights, excellent solubility and processability via solution deposition techniques. In addition, by carefully controlling the molar ratios of chromophores composition, the energy transfer mechanism, from blue to red chromophores, takes place enabling us to define properly the emission covering the entire range of the visible spectrum. The optical and photophysical properties of the monomers and copolymers were thoroughly investigated via NIR-Vis-far UV Spectroscopic Ellipsometry (SE), Absorbance and Photoluminescence (PL). These copolymers are used as an emissive layer and applied in solution-processed WOLED devices. The fabricated WOLED devices have been subsequently studied and characterized in terms of their electroluminescence properties. Finally, the WOLED devices possess high color stability and demonstrate CIE Coordinates (0.33, 0.38), which approach closely the pure white light CIE coordinates.

Polymer F8:F8BT blend systems were created by mixing Poly(9,9-di-n-octylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl) (F8) and poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-alt-benzothiadiazole) (F8BT) with 19:1, 1:1 and 1:19 ratios, then grown by R2R slot-die coating technique, for use as emitting layers (EML) in organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). The multi-layer structure of the OLEDs consisted of a flexible poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) substrate, an indium tin oxide (ITO) film as the anode, a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) film as the hole transport layer, also grown by slot-die, the EML and the evaporated Ca/Ag bilayer as the electron transport layer and cathode. The synergy of spectroscopic ellipsometry, photoluminescence, and electroluminescence characterization techniques provided the overall investigation and evaluation of the optical, photophysical, electrooptical, and operational properties of films and devices. The dielectric function and the absorption coefficient of the blends were dominated by electronic transitions that were assigned to respective electronic transitions in F8 and F8BT identified by the study of single component F8 and F8BT layers grown by the spin coating technique as control films and devices. This work aims to give insight into the interrelation between the optical and electronic properties with the nanostructural, photo- and electro-luminescence characteristics of the slot-die F8:F8BT OLED devices. Based on these, the justification of the main operational characteristics and the performance of the OLEDs is achieved.

White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (WOLEDs) have attracted an enormous interest because they can be implemented in numerous lighting applications as next-generation light sources. In this work, terpolymers bearing blue, yellow and red chromophores are used for the fabrication of WOLED devices. These systems provide easy tuning of white color by changing weight ratios between the chromophores. The optical and opto-electronic characterization is carried out by near infrared–visible-far ultraviolet (NIR–Vis–FUV) Spectroscopic Ellipsometry (SE), Photoluminescence (PL), and Electroluminescence (EL), whereas the structural characterization is achieved by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), to provide valuable information toward the optimization and functionalization of these WOLED devices.